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EC number: 249-854-8 | CAS number: 29797-40-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- The substance described in this dossier is an isomeric mixture of five position isomers of dichlorotoluene. The similarities concerning chemical structure and key intrinsic properties such as log Kow and water solubility lead to the assumption that the values for ecotoxicological endpoints will also be very similar for the individual isomers and the mixture of isomers and that therefore these results obtained with 4-chlorotoluene can be useful for the assessment of the mixture.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Conclusions:
- The long-term toxicity of 4-chlorotoluene towards daphnids is characterized by a NOEC(21 d) of 0.32 mg/L as well as an EC50(21 d) of 1.6 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The long-term toxicity of 4-chlorotoluene towards daphnids is characterized by a NOEC(21 d) of 0.32 mg/L as well as an EC50(21 d) of 1.6 mg/L referring to the reproduction of the test animals (Nite, 1999).
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1984
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- Well documented and reliable QSAR, which can not be alone a key- study.
The substance described in this dossier is an isomeric mixture of five position isomers of dichlorotoluene. The similarities concerning chemical structure and key intrinsic properties such as log Kow and water solubility lead to the assumption that the values for ecotoxicological endpoints will also be very similar for the individual isomers and the mixture of isomers and that therefore these results obtained with 3,4-dichlortoluene can be useful for the assessment of the mixture. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Concept NEN 6502, 1980
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- : Number of organisms per group and exposure time for reproduction results
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Two different QSARs were used for the calculation of an 16-LC50 (mortality) and an 16-d IC50 (reproduction) value for Daphnia from the log Poct. The results for other substances, not described here, were compared with experimentally estimated values. The experiments followed the Dutch concept NEN 6502; Determination of the chronic toxicity with Daphnia magna. Dutch Standard Organization, Delft. EIFAC, 1980.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 16 d
- Duration:
- 16 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.5 µmol/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: ca. 16 days (3-4 broods); Log EC50=0.18 (Log Poct=3.98)
- Duration:
- 16 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.24 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: ca. 16 days (3-4 broods); Log EC50=0.18 (Log Poct=3.98)
- Duration:
- 16 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5.24 µmol/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: Log LC50=0.72 (Log Poct=3.98)
- Duration:
- 16 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.85 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: Log LC50=0.72 (Log Poct=3.98)
- Conclusions:
- The 16-d log IC50 (reproduction) was calculated for 3,4 - dichlorotoluene to be 0.18 µmol/L, corresponding to a IC50 of 0.24 mg/L.
The 16-d log EC50 (mortality) was calculated to be 0.72 µmol/L, corresponding to a LC50 of 0.85 mg/L. - Executive summary:
Two different QSARs were used for the calculation of an 16-LC50 (mortality) and an 16-d IC50 (reproduction) value for Daphnia from the log Poct. The results for other substances, not described here, were compared with experimentally estimated values. The experiments followed the Dutch concept NEN 6502; Determination of the chronic toxicity with Daphnia magna.
The 16-d log IC50 (reproduction) was calculated for 3,4 - dichlorotoluene from a calculated log Poct of 3.98 to be 0.18 µmol/L, corresponding to a an IC50 of 0.24 mg/L.
The 16-d log EC50 (mortality) was calculated to be 0.72 µmol/L, corresponding to an EC50 of 0.85 mg/L.
The good correlation of the QSARs may be confirmed by comparing the results obtained with the respective experimental results of five other substances with log Poct values ranging from 2.81 to 5.69.
The QSAR is well documented and considered to be reliable, but cannot be a alone a key-study.
The study is mentioned in the SIDS for 2,4 - dichlormethylbenzene, but the results are not considered in the SIDS summary, presumably as representing read-across from another isomer and further as being determined by QSARs.
Reference: Hermens, 1984
Referenceopen allclose all
# experimental EC50- and LC50-values were determined by log/probit plots
# 16-d LC50 (mortality) was calculated with the following QSAR: log 1/LC50 = (0.64 +/- 004) log Poct - 3.27 n = 5, r = 0.995, s = 0.08
# 16-d EC50 (reproduction) was calculated with the following QSAR: log 1/EC50 = (0.72 +/- 0.06) log Poct - 3.05 n = 5, r = 0.990, s = 0.14 (n = number of compounds, r = correlation coefficient, s = standard error
# Log Poct values (3.98 for 3,4 - DCT) was calculated according to Rekker, 1977: The hydrophobic fragmental constant, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 389 pp.
Description of key information
A weight-of-evidence approach is presented as a combination of a reliable experimental daphnia magna reproduction test for a homologue substance (4-monochlorotoluene) with a reliable QSAR result for 3,4-dichlorotoluene. The 16-d log IC50 (reproduction) was calculated from a clog Poc of 3.98 for 3,4-dichloromethylbenzene to be 0.18 µmol/L, corresponding to an IC50 of 0.24 mg/L. This result confirms the conclusion drawn from the acute aquatic studies that there are no relevant differences in sensitivity between the trophic levels.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 0.24 mg/L
Additional information
The weight-of evidence approach (4 -monochlorotoluene vs. dichlorotoluene) is based on similar structure, relevant PC data and ecotox data:
Structural similariy: The common moiety for the substances is the monochloro-toluene structure. The difference consist in the replacement of 1 chlor atom by one hydrogene atom.
Similarity of PC data
The following table shows that the relevant PC data of both substances are in the same order of magnitude:
4 -Monochlorotoluene | Dichlorotoluenes | |
vapour pressure (hPa) | 3.1 | 0.6 |
logKow | 3.33 | 4.2 -4.3 |
water solubility (mg/L) | 40 | 11.2 |
Similarity of ecotox data (key values)
4-Monochlorotoluene | Dichlorotoluenes | |
acute Daphnia EC50 (mg/L) | 1.7 | 1.26 |
chronic Daphnia NOEC (mg/L) | 0.32 | 0.24 (QSAR) |
Conclusion on read-across:
The read-across approach is justified by similarities in structure, relevant physicochemical data and ecotox results.
QSAR study:
A reliable QSAR result is available for Daphnia magna: The 16-d log IC50 (reproduction) was estimated from a calculated log Kow of 3.98 for 3,4-dichlorotoluene to be 0.18 µmol/L, corresponding to an IC50 of 0.24 mg/L. This value is by the factor of three higher than the other available chronic value, i.e. the NOEC of 0.078 mg/L determined in the 33-day FELS study, thus confirming the conclusion drawn from the acute aquatic studies that there are no relevant differences in sensitivity between the trophic levels.
Reference: Hermens, 1984
The similarities between the dichlorotoluene isomers concerning chemical structure and key intrinsic properties such as log kow and water solubility as well as nearly identical results for acute fish toxicity obtained for the mixture and individual isomers justify read across from tests results obtained with the individual isomers 2,4-DCT and 3,4-DCT to the mixture. A more detailed argumentation for read-across is given in the Summary "Aquatic toxicity".
Further study:
In a study on the long-term toxicity of 2,4 -dichloromethylbenzene to Daphnia magna the EA Japan determined a 21-d NOEC (reproduction) of 2 mg/L (p < 0.05). Since not all validity criteria may be assessed, the reliability is not assignable. Despite of the data lacks, the SIDS summary for 2,4-dichloromethylbenzene is based on this study with the argument, that no other ecotoxicological data are available, even if the QSAR for 3,4-dichloromethylbenzene is mentioned in the SIDS dossier scarcely.
Reference: EA Japan, 1992
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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