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EC number: 216-706-9 | CAS number: 1646-26-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 Feb - 25 Mar 2011
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 17 Jul 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Staatliches Gewerbeaufsichtsamt Hildesheim, Germany (20 Oct 2010)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Municipal sewage treatment plant, Hildesheim, Germany
- Pretreatment: The activated sludge was washed twice with autoclaved tap water. After the second washing the settled sludge was filled up with mineral salts medium and was maintained in an aerobic condition by aeration for 4 h. Thereafter the sludge was homogenized with a blender. The supernatant was decanted and maintained in an aerobic condition by aeration with CO2-free air for 6 d. 10 mL/L were used to initiate inoculation.
- Concentration of sludge: 1E07 - 1E08 CFU/L
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: 4.3E09 CFU/L - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 55 mg/L
- Based on:
- ThOD
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral salts medium according to OECD 301 F
- Test temperature: 21.0 - 22.0 °C
- pH: 7.52 - 7.58 (test start), 7.66 - 7.99 (test end)
- Continuous darkness: Yes, in an incubator
- Dispersion treatment: Continuous stirring
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Brown glass bottles (500 mL) with OxiTop measuring heads
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: OxiTop measuring heads, WTW
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: A rubber sleeve with soda lime was hung into the opening of the bottles to absorb evolved CO2.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Temperature in the incubator was recorded continuously by a hygrothermograph. pH-values were measured at test start and end. The oxygen consumption was determined continuously from the pressure in the incubation vessels by OxiTop measuring system at 360 measuring points (every 112 minutes) during the 28 d incubation period.
- Sampling method: Separate replicates of test item and toxicity control were prepared for measurement of the pH-value at test start.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Test medium without test and/or reference item (two replicates)
- Toxicity control: Test item and reference item in test concentration (1 replicate)
- Functional control: Sodium benzoate in test medium (1 replicate)
STATISTICAL METHODS:
Excel, Microsoft Corporation
SigmaPlot (Windows), SPSS Corporation - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 75
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test item is readily biodegradable within 28 d and the 10-d window criterion was fulfilled.
Reference
BIODEGRADATION OF THE TEST ITEM
The test item replicate 1 reached the 10% level (beginning of biodegradation) after 14 d, test item replicate 2 after 15 d. The pass level of 60% was reached within the 10 -d window after 21 d. After 28 d the mean biodegradation was 75% (Table 1).
Table 1. Biodegradation [%] of the test item in comparison to the functional control and toxicity control.
Date |
[d] |
Biodegradation [%] |
|||
Functional control 45 mg/L |
Test item 25 mg/L |
Toxicity control 25 mg/L test item + 45 mg/L reference item |
|||
|
|
R1 |
P1 |
P2 |
T1 |
2011-02-25 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2011-02-26 |
1 |
36 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2011-02-27 |
2 |
58 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2011-02-28 |
3 |
69 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2011-03-01 |
4 |
74 |
0 |
0 |
21 |
2011-03-02 |
5 |
77 |
0 |
0 |
28 |
2011-03-03 |
6 |
80 |
0 |
0 |
31 |
2011-03-04 |
7 |
82 |
0 |
0 |
37 |
2011-03-05 |
8 |
83 |
0 |
0 |
39 |
2011-03-06 |
9 |
84 |
0 |
0 |
42 |
2011-03-07 |
10 |
86 |
0 |
0 |
44 |
2011-03-08 |
11 |
87 |
0 |
0 |
45 |
2011-03-09 |
12 |
90 |
0 |
0 |
47 |
2011-03-10 |
13 |
90 |
0 |
0 |
47 |
2011-03-11 |
14 |
90 |
18 |
0 |
47 |
2011-03-12 |
15 |
91 |
42 |
12 |
47 |
2011-03-13 |
16 |
92 |
51 |
26 |
47 |
2011-03-14 |
17 |
93 |
58 |
37 |
48 |
2011-03-15 |
18 |
95 |
63 |
47 |
49 |
2011-03-16 |
19 |
95 |
65 |
53 |
50 |
2011-03-17 |
20 |
95 |
65 |
53 |
50 |
2011-03-18 |
21 |
95 |
68 |
58 |
51 |
2011-03-19 |
22 |
93 |
71 |
55 |
50 |
2011-03-20 |
23 |
95 |
71 |
60 |
50 |
2011-03-21 |
24 |
95 |
73 |
60 |
50 |
20·1·1-03-22 |
25 |
94 |
77 |
62 |
51 |
2011-03-23 |
26 |
96 |
79 |
64 |
51 |
2011-03-24 |
27 |
96 |
79 |
64 |
52 |
2011-03-25 |
28 |
95 |
81 |
68 |
52 |
FUNCTIONAL CONTROL
The adaptation phase changed to degradation phase after 1 d (degradation > 10%). The pass level > 60% was reached after 3 d. The biodegradation rate came to a maximum of 96% on day 26.
TOXICITY CONTROL
In the toxicity control biodegradation achieved 47% after 14 d and 52% after 28 d. The validity criterion that the test item should not inhibit the biodegradation of the reference item was fulfilled.
Description of key information
Readily biodegradable: 75% in 28 d (OECD 301 F)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
There is one GLP study available, in which the ready biodegradability of the substance was determined in a Manometric Respirometry Test according to OECD guideline 301 F.
25 mg/L test item, corresponding to a ThOD of 55.0 mg O2/L per test vessel, was inoculated with 4.3 *10^9 CFU/L non-adapted, activated sludge from a municipal sewage treatment plant for 28 d. The test bottles were closed with OxiTop measuring heads and oxygen consumption was determined continuously from the pressure in the incubation vessels. A functional and toxicity control was run in parallel.
The test item replicate 1 reached the 10% biodegradation after 14 d and test item replicate 2 after 15 d. The pass level was reached within the 10-d window after 21 d. After 28 d, the mean biodegradation was 75%. Therefore, the test item is classified as readily biodegradable according to the guideline criteria. The toxicity control achieved 47% biodegradation of the reference item potassium dichromate after 14 d, and 52% after 28 d, indicating that the substance is not inhibitory to activated sludge microorganisms.
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