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EC number: 939-783-7 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Reaction product of adipic acid and sebacic acid and isotridecan-1-ol will be hydrolysed by esterases and cleaved into isotridecyl alcohol, adipic acid and sebacic acid. Isotridecyl alcohol wil be oxidized to the corresponding aldhyde and subsequently to the carboxylic acid.
Carboxylic acid will undergoe oxidation (beta and at other positions). beta-Oxidation products will be subject to fatty acid degradation and ultimately enter the citric acid cycle. Due to its bulky branched structure, other metabolic transformations as alcohol oxidation and fatty acid beta-oxidation are expected play an impoartant role resulting in hydroxy acids, dialcohols and dicarboxylic acids. Conjugation of various metabolites is very likely in order to solubilise the highly hydrophobic sceletal structure.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- no bioaccumulation potential
Additional information
In addition, toxicokinetic data of 2-ethylhexyl adipate are presented which are used for read across to validate the general information derived for the product.
Reaction product of adipic acid and sebacic acid and isotridecan-1 -ol
The substance is a diester of a dicarboxylic acid consisting of adipic acid (C6 carbon frame) or sebacic acid (C10 carbon frame) and isotridecan-1 -ol with a branched carbon chain (n=13). Accordingly the substance is expected to show the typical characteristics of an ester. In vivo, esters are hydrolysed by ubiquitous hydrolases to alcohol and carboxylic acid. In case of diesters, this operation will proceed in two steps resulting first in a monoester. Isotridecyl alcohol and adipic acid or sebacic acid, formed by hydrolysis of the substance, will then follow metabolic pathways typical for alcohols and carboxylic acids.
In principle given the background information on aliphatic saturated long chain esters, alcohols and acids, the following properties and metabolic pathways are expected for the test substance Reaction product of adipic acid and sebacic acid and isotridecan-1 -ol.
Absorption: Reaction product of adipic acid and sebacic acid and isotridecan-1 -ol and eventually isotridecan-1 -ol, sebacic acid and adipic acid are rapidly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract, whereas dermal absorption is expected to be slow.
Biotransformation: Reaction product of adipic acid and sebacic acid and isotridecan-1 -ol is expected to hydrolyse rapidly in vivo to isotridecan-1 -ol, sebacic acid and adipic acid. The alcohol will be oxidised by alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase to the corresponding aldehyde and carboxylic acid. Isotridecan-1 -ol is not expected to be a good substrate for ADH and AlDH, due to its branched bulky structure. ß-Oxidation of the carboxylic acid may be hindered by methy/alkyl substituents at uneven positions, forcing oxidation at other positions. and preventing further degradation in the citrate cycle. Therefore, significant chain hydroxylation and conjugation reactions (e.g. glucuronides, sulfates) of the alcohol and of other metabolic oxidation products are expected to account for the majority of the biotransformation.
Excretion of polar metabolites and conjugates may occur via urine and bile and is estimated to be substantial. Expiration of CO2 is not expected to be important Entero-hepatic circulation of metabolites excreted via bile is likely to occur (Eisenbrand 2002).
Di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DEHA)
Absorption, Distribution, Excretion
An ADME study was performed in mice, rats and monkeys (CMA, 1984). The data showed that after oral administration DEHA or its metabolites is readily absorbed, and distributed to various tissues (with highest levels recovered in blood and liver). From these data absorption rates of 67-98% were noted. The highest absorption rates were noted for the mice 98 -100%, in comparison with rats (75%) and monkeys (49-67%).
The excretion rates were also extensive (90-100%) and rapid. After 24 hours rats and monkeys showed lower elimination in urine (60-74%) and higher elimination in feces (app. 20 %).
Metabolism
Urine of mice, rats, and monkeys contained 2-ethylhexanoic acid (EHA), its glucuronic acid conjugate, a hydroxy acid (5-hydroxy-2-ethylhexanoic acid,5-OH EHA), and the diacid (2-ethyl-1,6-hexanedioic acid, DiEHA). In monkeys, glucuronides of the monoester, monoethylhexyladipate (MEHA), and the alcohol, ethylhexanol (EH) were also tentatively identified. In a human volunteers study, similar metabolites were found in urine and MEHA was found in fecal samples (Loftus, 1993).
The GI-tracts contained appreciable amounts of Diester (DEHA), monoester, and alcohol (EH). Hydrolysis to the alcohol through the monoester appears, therefore, to be the principal metabolic process.
Although the site of DEHA metabolism was not definitively determined, the data suggest that hydrolysis to the mono-ester occurs primarily in the GI tract. The absorbed 14C appears to be primarily the alcohol; the diester and monoester were detected in the liver only in small quantities.
Summary
Overall the data presented in the ADME studies indicate that orally administered 14C-DEHA was rapidly hydrolyzed in the GI tract before absorption and distribution to tissues. Hydrolysis of the monoester, MEHA, also appears to occur readily, leading to the low recovery of this metabolite in the hepatic tissue and urine. Low doses of' DEHA and/or its metabolites were absorbed rapidly and distributed to major organs and tissues. Absorption, however, was incomplete following a high dose of 14C-DEHA. The absorbed radioactivity is metabolized further in the liver before elimination in urine, expired air, and feces. Dose-dependent changes in absorption, tissue uptake, metabolism, and elimination were demonstrated in mice. Sex differences were also apparent in the hepatic uptake and metabolism of the absorbed radioactivity. The data indicate little, if any, prolonged retention of DEHA or its metabolites in blood and tissue following oral administration to mice, rats, and monkeys. From the results of the in vivo-study of Takahashi et al., 1981 it can be concluded that the elimination of radioactivity from tissues and organs is very rapid and there is no specific organ affinity under the experimental conditions. There was no evidence of the accumulation of radioactivity in any organs or tissues.
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