Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 292-883-6 | CAS number: 91002-07-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
No reliable toxicity data were available for terrestrial plants. Hence, no toxicity data could be put forward for this type of soil organisms for the derivation of a terrestrial PNEC.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
A limited amount of data on the effect of barium exposure to plants have been identified, but none of the data were useful for risk assessment purposes.
Barium in the environment is mainly present in forms with low solubility (as sulfate or carbonate), and therefore the risk of barium ecotoxicity is considered to be very low. Phytotoxicity of barium seems to be relatively low, although few investigations have addressed critical toxicity concentrations for barium in soils and plants. Unfortunately, no data on internal toxic barium concentrations in relation to clearly established substrate Ba-levels are available. The lack of such information hampers the evaluation of the environmental risk of ambient Ba (Llugany et al, 2000).
In a first study Llugany et al (2000) exposed freshly germinated bush beans seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris) to several Ba-levels in solution (total Ba exposure time 48h; total treatment time 96h). Exposure to 50µM barium had no negative effect on plant growth. Barium concentrations of 500 M or higher were clearly toxic to the bean plants. After only 24 h exposure to 5,000 M Ba, the primary leaves of some plants exhibited withered areas, and wilted primary leaves were observed after 48 h exposure to barium. Secondary root elongation was the growth parameter most sensitive to Ba and was completely inhibited by 500 M barium. The primary root was more Ba-tolerant, and a severe elongation inhibition was only observed in the 5,000 M barium treatment. This treatment also caused a significant reduction of the root and shoot dry weight. The dry weight of the developing trifoliate leaves was most severely decreased, but the primary leaves that had achieved maximum expansion before the start of the barium treatment were hardly affected. Data, however, are not useful for PNEC-derivation; the authors themselves stated “that these results from nutrient solution studies are not directly extrapolable to the field”.
In another study, Carter and Wain (1964) reported on the toxicity of barium to wheat (species not specified), but here too exposure occurred via the water phase (i.e., Ba-concentration in solution). A nominal EC50of 1.72 g/L (12.5 mmol) was reported (endpoint: root growth).
The third study that reported on Ba-toxicity in solution for plants was described in Suwa et al (2008). Barium (Ba)-induced phytotoxicity at 100, 1000, or 5000 μM Ba (13.7, 137 and 687 mg/L, respectively) in soybean plants (Glycine max) was investigated under hydroponic culture conditions. Soybean growth and leaf photosynthetic activity were significantly inhibited by all three levels of barium treatments.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.