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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 217-420-7 | CAS number: 1843-03-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 3.53 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 25
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 88.16 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- Exposure data available only from oral exposure data.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Subchronic to chronic Table R8-6
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Interspecies variation is accounted for in extrapolation
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- worker Table R8-6
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- Exposure data available only from oral exposure data.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R-6
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Sub-chronic to chronic. Table R-6
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Rat to human. Table R-3
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Worker. Table R-6
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R-6
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Table R-6
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.25 mg/cm²
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 5
- Dose descriptor:
- other: NOAEL
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable to sensitisation
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable to sensitisation
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- mouse to human Table R8-3
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Workers. Table R8-6
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no DNEL required: short term exposure controlled by conditions for long-term
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
Inhalation NOAEL
Based on formulae in R. 8-3, as a worst case it is assumed 100% adsorption orally to rats and by inhalation to human are equivalent. The granulometry data for this substance indicates that the substance is not respirable by humans; the vapour pressure of the substance is extremely low indicating the substance is non-volatile. Target endpoints are also assumed to be equivalent.
For workers (8h exposure/d)
NOAEC (inhal) = 50 * 1/0.38 m3/kg/d * 100/100 * 6.7m3/10m3
NOAEC (inhal) = 88.16 mg/m3
Dermal NOAEL
Based on Appendix R. 8-2, Example B.5, as a worst case it is assumed that 100% adsorption orally to rats and by dermal adsorption to human are equivalent.
NOAEL (dermal) = 50 * 100/100
NOAEL (dermal) = 50 mg/kg/day.
Derivation of DNEL For Dermal Sensitisation
Data available from the LLNA endpoint established that the substance is a dermal sensitiser. EC3≤5%.
Based on Appendix R.8-10 of ECHA Guidance Chapter R8, the EC3 value expressed in µg/cm2can be considered the LOAEL according to the formula
EC3 [%] * 250 [µg/cm2/%] = EC3 [µg/cm2]
5 [%] * 250 [µg/cm2/%] = 1250 [µg/cm2]
Sensitising LOAEL = 1.250 mg/cm2
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.87 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 43.48 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- Exposure data available only from oral exposure data.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Subchronic to chronic Table R8-6
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Interspecies variation is accounted for in extrapolation
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- consumer Table R8-6
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.25 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- Exposure data available only from oral exposure data.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Subchronic to chronic Table R8-6
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Rat to human. Table R-3
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- consumer Table R8-6
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.125 mg/cm²
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 10
- Dose descriptor:
- other: NOAEL
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable to sensitisation
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Not applicable to sensitisation
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- bodyweight not relevent to sensitisation
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- consumer Table R8-6
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no DNEL required: short term exposure controlled by conditions for long-term
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.25 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Subchronic to chronic Table R8-6
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Rat to human. Table R-3
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- consumer Table R8-6
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Table R8-6
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
Inhalation NOAEL
Based on formulae in R. 8-3, as a worst case it is assumed 100% adsorption orally to rats and by inhalation to human are equivalent. The granulometry data for this substance indicates that the substance is not respirable by humans; the vapour pressure of the substance is extremely low indicating the substance is non-volatile. Target endpoints are also assumed to be equivalent.
For general population (24h exposure/d)
NOAEC (inhal) = 50 * 1/1.15 m3/kg/d * 100/100
NOAEC (inhal) = 43.48 mg/m3
Dermal NOAEL
Based on Appendix R. 8-2, Example B.5, as a worst case it is assumed that 100% adsorption orally to rats and by dermal adsorption to human are equivalent.
NOAEL (dermal) = 50 * 100/100
NOAEL (dermal) = 50 mg/kg/day.
Derivation of DNEL for Dermal Sensitisation
Data available from the LLNA endpoint established that the substance is a dermal sensitiser. EC3≤5%.
Based on Appendix R.8-10 of ECHA Guidance Chapter R8, the EC3 value expressed in µg/cm2can be considered the LOAEL according to the formula
EC3 [%] * 250[µg/cm2/%] = EC3 [µg/cm2]
5 [%] * 250 [µg/cm2/%] = 1250 [µg/cm2]
Sensitising LOAEL = 1.250 mg/cm2
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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