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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 200-836-8 | CAS number: 75-07-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Absorption, distribution, and elimination:
Available toxicity studies indicate that acetaldehyde is absorbed through the lungs and gastrointestinal tract; however no adequate quantitative studies have been identified. Absorption through the skin is probable.
Following inhalation by rats, acetaldehyde is distributed to the blood, liver, kidney, spleen, heart and other muscle tissues. Low levels were detected in embryos after maternal intraperitoneal injection in the mouse and following maternal exposure to ethanol (mouse and rat). Potential production of acetaldehyde has also been observed in rat foetuses and in the human placenta, in vitro.
Distribution of acetaldehyde to brain interstitial fluid, but not to brain cells, has been demonstrated following injection of ethanol. Furthermore, acetaldehyde is taken up by red blood cells and following ethanol consumption in humans and in baboons, in vivo, intracellular levels can be 10 times higher than plasma levels. Following oral administration, virtually no unchanged acetaldehyde is excreted in the urine.
Metabolism:
The major acetaldehyde metabolisation pathway is by oxidation to acetate under the influence of NAD-dependent ALDH. Acetate enters the citric acid cycle as acetyl-CoA. There are several isoenzymes of ALDH with different kinetic and binding parameters that influence acetaldehyde oxidation rates.
ALDH activity has been localized in the respiratory tract epithelium in rats, in the renal cortex and tubules in the dog, rat, guinea pig, baboon and in the testes in the mouse. Acetaldehyde is metabolized by mouse and rat embryonic tissue in vitro and crosses the rat placenta, in spite of placental metabolism. Though there is some metabolism of acetaldehyde in human renal tubules, the liver is the most important metabolic site.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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