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EC number: 939-519-0 | CAS number: 308061-48-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- August - December 1996
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This robust summary has a reliability rating of 1 because the study followed a standard guideline, followed GLP guidelines, and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.
- Justification for type of information:
- A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for analysis of new and old test solutions were taken new at 0 hours (test initiation), new and old at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and old at 96 hours.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The water accommodated fractions of the test material were prepared by stirring the test material at each loading level in the exposure solution for 21 to 24.5 hours with a 1.5 to 2 hour settling period, after which each aqueous phase was removed and added to a test system. An equilibration study was conducted over a period of 72 hours prior to the definitive study to determine the approximate length of time needed to stir the test substance in the test media to acheive a saturated solution. Results suggested that a stirring period of 20 to 28 hours would be sufficient to reach equilibrium.
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Fish were obtained from Brow Well Fisheries Ltd, Hebden, Yorkshire, UK, and acclimated to the test conditions for more than nine days before use. The seven control fish at test termination had a mean length of 4.0 cm and a mean weight of 0.53 g.
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Hardness:
- 149 to 164 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 14.7 to 16.3 degrees C
- pH:
- 7.3 to 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 5.5 to 9.2 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal loading rates were 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 mg/L. A control was also included. Based on analyses of new and old test solution samples taken new at 0 hours (test initiation), new and old at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and old at 96 hours (test termination), the nominal/measured (mean) concentration values were: control/<0.01 mg/L; 0.3/0.03 mg/L; 1/0.08 mg/L; 3/0.23 mg/L; 10/0.30 mg/L; 30/0.42 mg/L; and 100/0.36 mg/L.
- Details on test conditions:
- The study was conducted in closed test systems that were renewed daily with fresh treatment solution. The test systems used were 1L glass bottles. One control and six treatment test systems were filled with media and sealed without a headspace. Seven fish were exposed to each of the control and treatment solutions and were not fed during the study.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 - < 30 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 - < 30 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- Seven fish were added to the control and each treatment solution. Mortality results are as follows:
Loading Rate Mortality
(mg/L) 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr 96 hr
Control 0 0 0 1
0.3 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 1 1
10 0 0 1 1
30 0 3 5 7
100 0 0 1 3 - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Effect levels were estimated by visual inspection of the data, which is thought to be more appropriate than interpolative statistical analysis if the data are based on water accommodated fractions of a complex test substance with low water solubility.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Water accommodated fractions of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 range of >10 to <30 mg/L and LL0 value of 1 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
- Executive summary:
Water accommodated fractions of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 range of >10 to <30 mg/L and LL0 value of 1 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- November 1994
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This robust summary has a reliability rating of 1 because the study followed a standard guideline, followed GLP guidelines, and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.
- Justification for type of information:
- A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DO in the Day 2, 24-hour old high exposure solution fell below the 60% saturation guideline by 0.4 mg/L O2. DO was 5.5 mg/L. This is not believed to have affected the outcome of the study as DO levels on Days 3 and 4 were within guideline specifications.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples were taken for analysis from selected new and 24-hour old solutions on days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Individual treatment solutions were prepared by adding the test substance, via syringe, to 17 L of laboratory blend water in 20 L glass carboys that were sealed to minimize volatile loss of test material. The stock solutions were mixed for 24 hours with a vortex of <10% (1-2 cm vortex). Mixing was performed using a magnetic stir plate and teflon stir bar. After mixing, the solutions were allowed to settle for one hour and the Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) was then siphoned from the bottom of the mixing vessel and added to the test vessels. Siphons were placed in the carboys prior to adding the test material.
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Fish were supplied by the Thomas Fish Co. (Anderson, CA, USA) at an age of approximately 4.5 weeks, with a mean weight of 0.278 g and a mean total length of 3.2 cm. The organism loading was 0.31 g fish/L. The fish were slightly smaller than the guideline suggestion of 4.0 to 6.0 cm, and were purposely selected to help maintain oxygen levels in the closed system.
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Hardness:
- Approximately 221 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 15.0 to 16.0 degrees C for the new and 24-hour old test solutions.
15.0 to 16.0 degrees C for the new and 24-hour old control solution. - pH:
- 7.4 to 8.6 for the new and 24-hour old test solutions.
7.3 to 8.3 for the new and 24-hour old control solution. - Dissolved oxygen:
- 6.0 to 8.3 mg/L for the new and 24-hour old test solutions. The 24-hour old test solution for the highest treatment level was 5.5 mg/L.
6.5 to 9.1 mg/L for the new and 24-hour old control solution. - Salinity:
- Freshwater
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal treatment levels were control, 1.4, 3.2, 16.0, 36.0, and 80.0 mg/L, which measured as not detectable, 0.03, 0.10, 0.23, 0.21, and 0.51 mg/L, respectively. The measured data represent the mean values of samples taken from selected new and old solutions on days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 that reported detected values. Results of samples reported as non detects, which occurred in the two lower treatment levels in 3 of 6 samples, were not included in the mean calculations.
- Details on test conditions:
- Test vessels were 4.0 L aspirator bottles containing 4.5 L of solution sealed with no headspace. Three replicates of each concentration and control were tested, each containing 5 fish. Approximately 80% of each solution was renewed daily from a freshly prepared WAF. Lighting was 59 to 73 ft. candles with 16 hours light and 8 hours dark.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- 50.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL was 45.8 to 56.4
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Trimmed Spearman Karber Method
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Water accommodated fractions of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of 50.9 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
- Executive summary:
Water accommodated fractions of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of 50.9 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- January - May 1995
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This robust summary has a reliability rating of 1 because the study followed a standard guideline, followed GLP guidelines, and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.
- Justification for type of information:
- A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Fish were obtained from Zeals Trout Farm, Zeals, Wiltshire, UK, and acclimated to the test conditions for more than nine days before use. A sample of seven of the fish had a mean length of 5.0 cm and a mean weight of 0.98 g.
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Hardness:
- 260 to 276 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 15.8 to 16.2 degrees C
- pH:
- 7.1 to 7.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.5 to 9.2 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal loading rates were 100, 300, and 1000 mg/L. A control was also included.
- Details on test conditions:
- The study was conducted in closed test systems that were renewed daily with fresh treatment solution. The test systems used were 1L glass aspirator bottles. Seven fish were exposed to each of the control and treatment solutions and were not fed during the study.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- Seven fish were added to the control and each treatment solution. Mortality results are as follows:
Loading Rate Mortality
(mg/L) 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr 96 hr
Control 0 0 0 0
100 0 0 0 0
300 0 0 0 1
1000 0 0 0 0 - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- None
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Water accommodated fractions of hydrocarbons, C9-C11, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics, produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 100 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in the highest dose tested.
- Executive summary:
Water accommodated fractions of hydrocarbons, C9-C11, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics, produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 100 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in the highest dose tested.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- May 1994
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This robust summary has a reliability rating of 1 because the study followed a standard guideline, followed GLP guidelines, and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.
- Justification for type of information:
- A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The water accommodated fraction of the test material was prepared by stirring the test material in the exposure solution for 22 hours after which the the aqueous phase was removed for testing.
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Fish were obtained from Zeals Trouit Farm, Zeals, Wiltshire, UK, and acclimated to the test conditions for more than nine days before use. A sample of seven of the fish had a mean length of 4.7 cm and a mean weight of 0.95 g.
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Hardness:
- 220 to 290 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 15 to 17 degrees C
- pH:
- 7.1 to 7.4
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 9.0 to 9.8 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal loading rate was 1000 mg/L. A control was also included.
- Details on test conditions:
- The study was conducted in closed test systems that were renewed daily with fresh treatment solution. The test systems used were 1L glass aspirator bottles. Seven fish were exposed to each of the control and treatment solutions and were not fed during the study.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- Seven fish were added to the control and treatment solutions. Mortality results are as follows:
Loading Rate Mortality
(mg/L) 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr 96 hr
Control 0 0 0 0
1000 0 0 0 0 - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- None
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The water accommodated fraction of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 1000 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in either the control or treatment test systems.
- Executive summary:
The water accommodated fraction of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 1000 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in either the control or treatment systems.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- March - November 1993
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This robust summary has a reliability rating of 1 because the study followed a standard guideline, followed GLP guidelines, and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.
- Justification for type of information:
- A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- An equilibration study was conducted prior to the study to determine the length of time needed to develop water accommodated fractions (WAFs) at the 1000 mg/L loading level. The aqueous phase of the WAF was analyzed after 1, 24, 48, and 96 hours of stirring. In all samples, the quantity of test substance in solution was less than the limit of detection (0.5 mg/L). Further analysis of test substance in test media a loading level of 1 g/L also showed no detectable amounts of test substance. Consequently, analysis of treatment solutions from the definitive study were not conducted.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Fish were obtained from Zeals Trouit Farm, Zeals, Wiltshire, UK, and acclimated to the test conditions for more than nine days before use. A sample of ten of the fish had a mean length of 4.6 cm and a mean weight of 0.97 g.
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Hardness:
- 242 to 340 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 15 to 17 degrees C
- pH:
- 6.7 to 7.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.3 to 9.5 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The nominal loading rate was 1000 mg/L. A control was also included.
- Details on test conditions:
- The study was conducted in closed test systems that were renewed daily with fresh treatment solution. The test systems used were 12L glass bottles. Ten fish were exposed to each of the control and treatment solutions and were not fed during the study.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- Ten fish were added to the control and treatment solution. Mortality results are as follows:
Loading Rate Mortality
(mg/L) 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr 96 hr
Control 0 0 0 0
1000 0 0 0 0 - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- None
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A water accommodated fraction of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and a LL0 value of 1000 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in the treatment solution.
- Executive summary:
Water accommodated fractions of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and a LL0 value of 1000 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in the treatment solution.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- January 1986
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- This robust summary has a reliability rating of 2 because the study did not follow GLP and the test containers were open to the air, which allowed for some volatile loss of the test substance. The study followed a standard guideline and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.
- Justification for type of information:
- A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Unpublished Environment Canada Guideline: Environmental Protection Service 1985; Laboratory for determining the acute lethality of a water-soluble fraction of mineral oil to rainbow trout. Environment Canada, Dartmouth, N.S. June 17.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for analyses were taken at test initiation and termination.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The treatment solution was prepared by adding one part of the test substance to nine parts dechlorinated tap water for a total volume of 100 L in 120 L cylindrical fiberglass tanks. The tanks were covered with a sheet of polyethylene, and the stock solution was mixed for 20 hours at room temperature with a vortex of approximately 25%. Mixing was performed using a magnetic stir plate and stir bar. After mixing, the solutions were allowed to separate for four hours and the Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) was then siphoned from the bottom of the mixing vessel and added to the test vessels. Siphons were placed in the tanks prior to adding the test material. Analytical measurements confirmed components of the test material were present in the test solution.
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Reported as former name, Salmo gairdneri. Juvenile trout were obtained from Loch Bras d'Or Salmon Farms in Baddeck, Nova Scotia, Canada. The fish had been maintained at a temperature of approximately 5 degrees C at the hatchery. The fish were kept in the testing laboratory in dechlorinated tap water. Prior to the start of the test, the holding water was increased in temperature to approximately 15 degrees C in 2 degrees C/day increments. Fish were fed daily until 24 hours prior to test initiation. The mean length of the fish was 45.9 mm, mean weight was 0.85 gm, and test loading was approximately 0.125 g fish/L. Fish were not fed during the exposure period.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Test temperature:
- 15.3 to 18.2 degrees C for the test substance.
15.5 to 17.0 degrees C for the control. - pH:
- 6.7 to 7.2 for the test substance.
6.7 to 7.3 for the control. - Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.7 to 9.1 mg/L for the test substance.
7.6 to 10.5 mg/L for the control. - Salinity:
- Freshwater
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Water accomodated fractions were prepared by adding one part of the test substance to nine parts dechlorinated tap water for a total volume of 100 L in 120 L cylindrical fiberglass tanks. The nominal loading was 792,000 mg/L. The test substance concentration was 160 ppb at test initiation and 70 ppb at termination. The control measured 40 ppb at test initiation.
- Details on test conditions:
- Test vessels were 60 L circular polyethylene containers with 2 L of test solution per gram of fish per 24 hours of exposure, for approximately 60 L of solution open to the air. One replicate for the concentration and one replicate for the control were tested, each containing 10 fish.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- 792 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- No mortality was observed from a water soluble fraction of the test substance prepared at a loading of 792,000 mg/L.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- None were needed as there was no mortality.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A water soluble fraction of the test substance prepared at a loading of 792,000 mg/L did not produce mortality to the fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss, during a 96-hour exposure period.
- Executive summary:
A water soluble fraction of the test substance prepared at a loading of 792,000 mg/L did not produce mortality to the fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss, during a 96-hour exposure period. Test systems were not covered during the exposure period, but analytical results showed that constituents of the test substance were present at test initiation and termination.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- January 1986
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- This robust summary has a reliability rating of 2 because the study did not follow GLP and the test containers were open to the air, which allowed for some volatile loss of the test substance. The study followed a standard guideline and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.
- Justification for type of information:
- A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Unpublished Environment Canada Guideline: Environmental Protection Service 1985; Laboratory for determining the acute lethality of a water-soluble fraction of mineral oil to rainbow trout. Environment Canada, Dartmouth, N.S. June 17.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for analyses were taken at test initiation and termination.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The treatment solution was prepared by adding one part of the test substance to nine parts dechlorinated tap water for a total volume of 100 L in 120 L cylindrical fiberglass tanks. The tanks were covered with a sheet of polyethylene, and the stock solution was mixed for 20 hours at room temperature with a vortex of approximately 25%. Mixing was performed using a magnetic stir plate and stir bar. After mixing, the solutions were allowed to separate for four hours and the Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) was then siphoned from the bottom of the mixing vessel and added to the test vessels. Siphons were placed in the tanks prior to adding the test material. Analytical measurements confirmed components of the test material were present in the test solution.
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Reported as former name, Salmo gairdneri. Juvenile trout were obtained from Loch Bras d'Or Salmon Farms in Baddeck, Nova Scotia, Canada. The fish had been maintained at a temperature of approximately 5 degrees C at the hatchery. The fish were kept in the testing laboratory in dechlorinated tap water. Prior to the start of the test, the holding water was increased in temperature to approximately 15 degrees C in 2 degrees C/day increments. Fish were fed daily until 24 hours prior to test initiation. The mean length of the fish was 45.9 mm, mean weight was 0.85 gm, and test loading was approximately 0.125 g fish/L. Fish were not fed during the exposure period.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Test temperature:
- 15.3 to 19.0 degrees C for the test substance.
15.5 to 17.0 degrees C for the control. - pH:
- 6.4 to 6.9 for the test substance.
6.7 to 7.3 for the control. - Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.5 to 9.2 mg/L for the test substance.
7.6 to 10.5 mg/L for the control. - Salinity:
- Freshwater
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Water accomodated fractions were prepared by adding one part of the test substance to nine parts dechlorinated tap water for a total volume of 100 L in 120 L cylindrical fiberglass tanks. The nominal loading was 803,000 mg/L. The test substance concentration was 190 ppb at test initiation and 90 ppb at termination. The control measured 40 ppb at test initiation.
- Details on test conditions:
- Test vessels were 60 L circular polyethylene containers with 2 L of test solution per gram of fish per 24 hours of exposure, for approximately 60 L of solution open to the air. One replicate for the concentration and one replicate for the control were tested, each containing 10 fish.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- 803 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- No mortality was observed from a water soluble fraction of the test substance prepared at a loading of 803,000 mg/L.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- None were needed as there was no mortality.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A water soluble fraction of the test substance prepared at a loading of 803,000 mg/L did not produce mortality to the fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss, during a 96-hour exposure period.
- Executive summary:
A water soluble fraction of the test substance prepared at a loading of 803,000 mg/L did not produce mortality to the fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss, during a 96-hour exposure period. Test systems were not covered during the exposure period, but analytical results showed that constituents of the test substance were present at test initiation and termination.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Substances identified as C9-10 hydrocarbons containing n-alkanes, isoalkanes, and cyclics, with <2% aromatics have demonstrated a range of acute fish toxicity based on results with a freshwater fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The effect loading results, as measured by mortality in 96-hour LL50 studies, ranged from 10 to 51 mg/L.
In comparison, substances identified as C9-11 hydrocarbons, C10 -13 hydrocarbons, and C11 -14 hydrocarbons, each containing n-alkanes, isoalkanes, and cyclics, with <2% aromatics are not expected to demonstrate acute fish toxicity based on results of studies with a freshwater fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Each of these substances has been shown not to demonstrate effects, as measured by mortality in 96-hour LL50 studies, at the highest loading levels tested, which have ranged from 1000 to greater than 10,000 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Substances identified as C9-10 hydrocarbons containing n-alkanes, isoalkanes, and cyclics, with <2% aromatics have demonstrated a range of acute fish toxicity based on results with a freshwater fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The effect loading results, as measured by mortality in 96-hour LL50 studies, ranged from 10 to 51 mg/L.
In comparison, substances identified as C9-11 hydrocarbons, C10 -13 hydrocarbons, and C11 -14 hydrocarbons, each containing n-alkanes, isoalkanes, and cyclics, with <2% aromatics are not expected to demonstrate acute fish toxicity based on results of studies with a freshwater fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Each of these substances has been shown not to demonstrate effects, as measured by mortality in 96-hour LL50 studies, at the highest loading levels tested, which have ranged from 1000 to greater than 10,000 mg/L.
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