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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 280-041-0 | CAS number: 82799-44-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 5.14 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 75
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 385.69 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Calculation was mainly performed via default assumptions given by the DNEL calculator except one additional factor. As indicated by ECHAs guideline R.8, “Default absorption values have been proposed for the different routes of exposure…, but substance-specific data on absorption via the different routes are to be preferred. Such information may for instance be generated based on considerations of the chemical structure“. This approach was followed in the section toxicokinetics. However, this approach is, without explicit testing data on toxicokinetics, tainted with some uncertainties, despite the fact that the deduction of absorption rates was performed scientifically reasonably. So out of precautionary reasons the approach as proposed under R.8.4.2 will be followed as if no route-specific information on the starting route was available, i.e. to include a default factor of 2 (i.e. the absorption percentage for the starting route is half that of the end route). So the present default assessment factor is overridden here out of precautionary reasons, and in consequence the resulting NOAEC (modified dose descriptor starting point) is half as high as it would be when calculated via DNEL calculator.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties. According to the Guidance on Assessment Factors to Derive a DNEL, Technical Report No. 110, Assessment factors for Quality of whole database, i.a. Completeness and consistency of available data, Reliability of alternative data (e.g. read-across) must be regarded, the value should be set as ≥ 1. Due to the high similarity of both substances, i.e. the registered substance and the substance tested in an OECD 421 study which serves as the basis for DNEL derivation, there are no remaining uncertainties left and the value of the AF can be set as 1.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.46 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 300
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 438 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL calculator)
No long-term study on dermal toxicity is available and required, so only oral toxicity data can be used. The oral route was chosen as it is better suited to assess overall systemic effects. Further, as outlined in detail in subchapter „Toxicokinetics“, dermal absorption is very low compared to the oral route, so testing may have not allowed an assessment of the actual hazard properly and was so omitted due to animal welfare, as testing by the oral route allowed a better assessment. Therefore a route-to-route extrapolation from an oral repeated dose study, as a worst case, is justified.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties. According to the Guidance on Assessment Factors to Derive a DNEL, Technical Report No. 110, Assessment factors for Quality of whole database, i.a. Completeness and consistency of available data, Reliability of alternative data (e.g. read-across) must be regarded, the value should be set as ≥ 1. Due to the high similarity of both substances, i.e. the registered substance and the substance tested in an OECD 421 study which serves as the basis for DNEL derivation, there are no remaining uncertainties left and the value of the AF can be set as 1.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.91 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 150
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 135.87 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Calculation was mainly performed via default assumptions given by the DNEL calculator except one additional factor. As indicated by ECHAs guideline R.8, “Default absorption values have been proposed for the different routes of exposure…, but substance-specific data on absorption via the different routes are to be preferred. Such information may for instance be generated based on considerations of the chemical structure“. This approach was followed in the section toxicokinetics. However, this approach is, without explicit testing data on toxicokinetics, tainted with some uncertainties, despite the fact that the deduction of absorption rates was performed scientifically reasonably. So out of precautionary reasons the approach as proposed under R.8.4.2 will be followed as if no route-specific information on the starting route was available, i.e. to include a default factor of 2 (i.e. the absorption percentage for the starting route is half that of the end route). So the present default assessment factor is overridden here out of precautionary reasons, and in consequence the resulting NOAEC (modified dose descriptor starting point) is half as high as it would be when calculated via DNEL calculator.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties. According to the Guidance on Assessment Factors to Derive a DNEL, Technical Report No. 110, Assessment factors for Quality of whole database, i.a. Completeness and consistency of available data, Reliability of alternative data (e.g. read-across) must be regarded, the value should be set as ≥ 1. Due to the high similarity of both substances, i.e. the registered substance and the substance tested in an OECD 421 study which serves as the basis for DNEL derivation, there are no remaining uncertainties left and the value of the AF can be set as 1.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.521 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 600
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 313 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL calculator)
No long-term study on dermal toxicity is available and required, so only oral toxicity data can be used. The oral route was chosen as it is better suited to assess overall systemic effects. Further, as outlined in detail in subchapter „Toxicokinetics“, dermal absorption is very low compared to the oral route, so testing may have not allowed an assessment of the actual hazard properly and was so omitted due to animal welfare, as testing by the oral route allowed a better assessment. Therefore a route-to-route extrapolation from an oral repeated dose study, as a worst case, is justified.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties. According to the Guidance on Assessment Factors to Derive a DNEL, Technical Report No. 110, Assessment factors for Quality of whole database, i.a. Completeness and consistency of available data, Reliability of alternative data (e.g. read-across) must be regarded, the value should be set as ≥ 1. Due to the high similarity of both substances, i.e. the registered substance and the substance tested in an OECD 421 study which serves as the basis for DNEL derivation, there are no remaining uncertainties left and the value of the AF can be set as 1.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.104 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 600
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default (DNEL calculator)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties. According to the Guidance on Assessment Factors to Derive a DNEL, Technical Report No. 110, Assessment factors for Quality of whole database, i.a. Completeness and consistency of available data, Reliability of alternative data (e.g. read-across) must be regarded, the value should be set as ≥ 1. Due to the high similarity of both substances, i.e. the registered substance and the substance tested in an OECD 421 study which serves as the basis for DNEL derivation, there are no remaining uncertainties left and the value of the AF can be set as 1.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.