Aluminium sulphate

Repeated dose toxicity: other routes

Administrative data

Endpoint:

sub-chronic toxicity: other route

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Reliable without restrictions. Well-presented study, with relevant measurement of chemical concentrations

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1997

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method other:
Aluminum was injected (i.p.) as aluminum sulphate (4, 40 and 100 mg/kg body weight, n = 5 per group) daily into day-old White Leghorn male chicks for 7, 15 and 30 days.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Aluminium sulphate

EC Number:

233-135-0

EC Name:

Aluminium sulphate

Cas Number:

10043-01-3

Molecular formula:

Al2(SO4)3

IUPAC Name:

Aluminium sulphate

Test material form:

solid: compact

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Aluminium sulfate

Test animals

Species:

other: chicks

Strain:

other: White Leghorn chicks

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

day-old White Leghorn male chicks

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

intraperitoneal

Vehicle:

water

Details on exposure:

Aluminum was injected (i.p.) as aluminum sulphate (4, 40 and 100 mg/kg body weight, n = 5 per group) daily into day-old White Leghorn male chicks for 7, 15 and 30 days.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

not specified

Duration of treatment / exposure:

30 days.

Frequency of treatment:

daily

Doses / concentrations

Remarks:

Doses / Concentrations:
aluminum sulphate (4, 40 and 100 mg/kg body weigh

Control animals:

yes

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

Aluminum (Al) treatment (100 mg dose) to chicks over 7 and 30 days resulted in a decrease in activities of cytosolic total and CN(-)-sensitive superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cerebral hemisphere (CH).
In the 15-day treated group, activities of cytosolic total, CN(-)-sensitive and CN(-)-insensitive SOD of CH were decreased in response to all doses of Al. In the liver, activities of cytosolic total and CN(-)-sensitive SOD were decreased in response to all doses of Al treatment for 7 and 15 days. But 40 and 100 mg doses were effective in decreasing activities of the enzymes in the 30-day treated group.
The catalase (CAT) activity of CH of chicks was inhibited by all doses of Al under treatment for 7 days, but was inhibited only in the case of the 100 mg dose when the duration of treatment was increased to 15 days.
The inhibition was again observed in chicks treated for 30 days in response to 40 and 100 mg doses. CAT activity of liver of chicks was decreased in response to all doses of Al in the 7-day treated group and in response to 40 and 100 mg doses in the 15- and 30-day treated groups. Al treatment did not affect lipid peroxide levels of CH and liver of chicks.

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

effects observed, treatment-related

Mortality:

mortality observed, treatment-related

Body weight and weight changes:

effects observed, treatment-related

Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):

effects observed, treatment-related

Food efficiency:

effects observed, treatment-related

Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):

effects observed, treatment-related

Ophthalmological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Haematological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Clinical biochemistry findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Urinalysis findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Behaviour (functional findings):

effects observed, treatment-related

Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:

effects observed, treatment-related

Gross pathological findings:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:

effects observed, treatment-related

Histopathological findings: neoplastic:

effects observed, treatment-related

Details on results:

Aluminum (Al) as aluminum sulphate treatment (100 mg dose) to chicks over 7 and 30 days resulted in a decrease in activities of cytosolic total and CN(-)-sensitive superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cerebral hemisphere (CH).
In the 15-day treated group, activities of cytosolic total, CN(-)-sensitive and CN(-)-insensitive SOD of CH were decreased in response to all doses of Al. In the liver, activities of cytosolic total and CN(-)-sensitive SOD were decreased in response to all doses of Al treatment for 7 and 15 days.
But 40 and 100 mg doses were effective in decreasing activities of the enzymes in the 30-day treated group. The catalase (CAT) activity of CH of chicks was inhibited by all doses of Al under treatment for 7 days, but was inhibited only in the case of the 100 mg dose when the duration of treatment was increased to 15 days. The inhibition was again observed in chicks treated for 30 days in response to 40 and 100 mg doses. CAT activity of liver of chicks was decreased in response to all doses of Al in the 7-day treated group and in response to 40 and 100 mg doses in the 15- and 30-day treated groups. Al treatment did not affect lipid peroxide levels of CH and liver of chicks.

Effect levels

1

Dose descriptor:

dose level: 4

Effect level:

4 mg/kg bw/day

Sex:

male

Basis for effect level:

other: see 'Remark'

2

Dose descriptor:

dose level: 40

Effect level:

40 mg/kg bw/day

Sex:

male

Basis for effect level:

other: see 'Remark'

3

Dose descriptor:

dose level: 100

Effect level:

100 mg/kg bw/day

Sex:

male

Basis for effect level:

other: see 'Remark'

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:

not specified

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Al treatment as aluminum sulphate did not affect lipid peroxide levels of CH and liver of chicks.

Executive summary:

Aluminum was injected (i.p.) as aluminum sulphate (4, 40 and 100 mg/kg body weight, n = 5 per group) daily into day-old White Leghorn male chicks for 7, 15 and 30 days.

Aluminum (Al) as aluminum sulphate treatment (100 mg dose) to chicks over 7 and 30 days resulted in a decrease in activities of cytosolic total and CN(-)-sensitive superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cerebral hemisphere (CH).

In the 15-day treated group, activities of cytosolic total, CN(-)-sensitive and CN(-)-insensitive SOD of CH were decreased in response to all doses of Al. In the liver, activities of cytosolic total and CN(-)-sensitive SOD were decreased in response to all doses of Al treatment for 7 and 15 days.

 But 40 and 100 mg doses were effective in decreasing activities of the enzymes in the 30-day treated group. The catalase (CAT) activity of CH of chicks was inhibited by all doses of Al under treatment for 7 days, but was inhibited only in the case of the 100 mg dose when the duration of treatment was increased to 15 days. The inhibition was again observed in chicks treated for 30 days in response to 40 and 100 mg doses. CAT activity of liver of chicks was decreased in response to all doses of Al in the 7-day treated group and in response to 40 and 100 mg doses in the 15- and 30-day treated groups. Al treatment did not affect lipid peroxide levels of CH and liver of chicks.

These results suggest that decrease in activities in SOD and CAT in CH and liver of the chicks after Al treatment constitutes one of the factors for the mechanism of tissue injury by Al.