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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
A theoretical assessment has been prepared (see below)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- no bioaccumulation potential
- Absorption rate - oral (%):
- 100
- Absorption rate - dermal (%):
- 10
- Absorption rate - inhalation (%):
- 10
Additional information
Toxicokinetics
Carbamic acid ester is a diol with a molecular weight of 320 g/mol. The substance is highly water soluble and its partition coefficient logPow was determined to be 1.1. The vapor pressure of the substance is low.
Absorption
Absorption is a function of the potential for a substance to diffuse across biological membranes. In addition to molecular weight the most useful parameters providing information on this potential are the octanol/water partition coefficient (logPow) value and the water solubility.
Oral
In general, a molecular weight < 500 is favorable for absorption via the biological membranes of the gastrointestinal tract (GI). Water soluble substances with a log Pow between -1 and 4 will readily dissolve into the gastrointestinal fluids. However absorption of hydrophilic substances by passive diffusion may be limited by the rate at which the substance partitions out of the gastrointestinal fluid.
Based on its physico-chemical properties Carbamic acid ester is expected
to be easily absorbed. The available acute oral toxicity study shows that the substance is of very limited toxicity.
Dermal
As is the case for oral absorption, dermal absorption depends also on molecular size, water solubility and logPow. With an average molecular weight of < 500 g/mol and a high water solubility, it is expected that Carbamic acid ester will not be able to penetrate the stratum corneum and subsequently will not become systemically available by passage of the epidermis.
This is supported by the results of the acute dermal study with of the substance showing no systemic effects or mortality after application of 2000 mg/kg bw. Therefore it is concluded that there are no indications for absorption and 10% dermal absorption will be used in risk assessment (default value).
Inhalation
Based on the logPow and water solubility respiratory absorption is expected to be low (set at 10% as default value). Although the substance is used in solution and inhalation via aerosols might occur, the uses during the whole life cycle are not expected to release vapors or aerosols/mists containing respirable and/or inhalable droplets. Therefore exposure and concomitant uptake via inhalation can be excluded.
Metabolism
When is absorbed, it is expected to be metabolized. As the molecule contains two carbamate like entities, it is expected that the substance would hydrolyse to a certain extent either spontaneously or via specific esterases. A hydrolysis study at pH 2, 4, 6 and 9, however, did not show any abiotic hydrolysis (t1/2 > 1 year), which is in line with the findings for carbamates in general where it is not known to what extent hydrolysis contributes to the detoxification (EHC 64).
No data on mammalian metabolism are available on Carbamic acid ester, but in case of esterase activity, it would be expected that the substance is degraded to propylene glycol, carbon dioxide and the amine. The proportion of the enzymatic breakdown has not been assessed.
Excretion
The main route of excretion of the metabolites after oral administration is expected to be via urine.
No bioaccumulation of the test substance or its metabolites is expected.
Conclusion
The uptake of Carbamic acid ester via the oral route is expected to be extensive with consequent metabolism. For the dermal and inhalation route uptake is expected to be limited, but any absorbed parent compound is expected to be metabolized. The hazard assessment of the parent and especially of the metabolites shows low toxicity.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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