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Diss Factsheets

Environmental fate & pathways

Endpoint summary

Administrative data

Description of key information

Isobornyl acrylate is not readiy biodegradable in OECD 301F and 310. The 10-day window was failed. The extended OECD 301F (2021) showed a degradation of 73.9% (60d) not reaching a plateau, showing that IBoA is not-persistant and inherently biodegradable. Furthermore the expected primary metabolites (Isoborenol and acrylic acid) are readily biodegradable. Therefor, no further tests are required to assess the biodegradation of IBoA.

Additional information

For IBoA three biodegradation screening studies are available.


 


In an valid GLP OECD TG 301F (enhanced 60 days, 2021), the biodegradability of Isobornyl acrylate exposed to microorganisms derived from activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant was investigated under aerobic static exposure conditions. The biodegradability of Isobornyl acrylate based on O2consumption was calculated to be 43.0% after 28 days and 73.9% after 60 days as compared to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD). Isobornyl acrylate did not reach the pass level of 60% for ready biodegradability in the Manometric Respirometry Test within the 10-d window as well as after 28 days and, therefore, cannot be termed as readily biodegradable in the sense of the OECD guideline 301F. In the enhanced duration of the screening test (60 d) IBoA reached the pass level of 60% for inherent biodegradability and can be concluded as non-persistend.


 


In an OECD TG 310 study, isobornyl acrylate was not readily biodegradable as all 5 replicates failed the ten day window. 3 of 5 replicates reached 60 % biodegradation within 28 days. As Isobornyl acrylate is a volatile substance and the test was not prolonged up to 56 days it is expected that further biodegradation would occur in all replicates so that the 60 % level would be reached in all 5 replicates. The expected primarily degradation products Isoborneol and acrylc acid are readily biodegradable.  Isobornyl acrylate is not readily biodegradable in an OECD 310 test (Evonik 2013) but is also not persistent. Primarily degradation products acrylic acid and isoborneol are readily biodegradable. Isobornyl acrylate is not readily biodegradable but is also not persistent.


 


In an OECD TG 301 F (28 days, 2008) the biodegradability of Isobornyl acrylate exposed to microorganisms derived from activated sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant was investigated under aerobic static exposure conditions. The biodegradability of Isobornyl acrylate based on O2consumption was calculated to be 51% after 28 days as compared to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD). The biodegradation of Isobornyl acrylate reached 38% at the end of the 10-d window. Biodegradation of the test substance was observed after a lag phase of about 9 days. The procedure control sodium benzoate reached 82% biodegradation after 14 days, thus confirming suitability of inoculum and test conditions.


The calculated biodegradation based on DOC measurement reached 95% for Isobornyl acrylate and 99% for sodium benzoate. The data show that the consumed O2was used for partial mineralization of the test compound, since the determined degradation values based on BOD were lower as compared to those based on DOC. Isobornyl acrylate did not reach the pass level of 60% for ready biodegradability in the Manometric Respirometry Test within the 10-d window as well as after 28 days and, therefore, cannot be termed as readily biodegradable in the sense of the OECD guideline 301.


 


Ester hydrolysis by carboxylesterases has been established as the primary step in the metabolism of esters of simple carboxyl acids like acryl acid. For IBoA, this hydrolytic step leads to the rapid degradation into Isoborneol (IBo, EC-No. 204-712-4) and Acrylic Acid (AA, EC-No. 201-177-9). The rapid metabolism of IBoA was shown in rats in a metabolism study with 1 % of the corresponding intravenous administered dose remaining in the blood after 10 min (DOW, 2019; see section metabolism). As carboxylesterases are documented for all major organism groups i.a. fish, mammals, plants, fungi and microorganisms, this metabolism pathway can be expected to be the major degradation pathway in the environment and in organisms. The primary degradation products IBo and AA are both readily biodegradable in water fulfilling the 10-day-window criteria (biodegradation screening studies) and have a logKow < 3. Therefore, a bioaccumulation within the organism or an accumulation in the environment can be neglected for the primary metabolites of IBoA.


 


Taking into account 1) the low potential for accumulation in the environment (not P), 2) the more than inherent biodegradability (73.9 % degradation after 60 days), 3) the low risk for aquatic organisms shown in the chemical safety assessment and 4) the readily biodegradability of the primary metabolites (IBO and AA), further information on biodegradation and degradation products of IBoA are not necessary and do not contribute to further investigate the environmental fate or show the substances safety.


 


As the enhanced OECD 301 F study showed biodegradation of 73.9% after 60 days, IBoA can be concluded as non-persistent and inherently biodegradable.