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EC number: 202-394-1 | CAS number: 95-14-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: significant methodological deficiencies
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 974
- Reference Type:
- other company data
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 003
- Reference Type:
- other: Review
- Title:
- 1,2,3-Benzotriazole
- Author:
- Health Council of the Netherlands: Dutch expert committee on occupational standards (DECOS)
- Year:
- 2 000
- Bibliographic source:
- ISBN: 90-5549-348-1
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Five groups each consisting of 10 animals received a single three hour exposure of five different aerosole concentrations.
The animals were observed for fourteen days post-exposure. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- standard acute method
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzotriazole
- EC Number:
- 202-394-1
- EC Name:
- Benzotriazole
- Cas Number:
- 95-14-7
- Molecular formula:
- C6H5N3
- IUPAC Name:
- benzotriazole
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Benzotriazole Photo Grade
- Physical state: solid, white powder
- Sample No.: 1422
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Breeding Laboratories
- Weight at study initiation: 301-380 g
- Housing: caged in groups of ten
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Charles River cubed diet, ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: on week
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- clean air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- Aerosol Generation and Exposure Methods:
Preliminary experiments indicated that due to the physical characteristics
of the powder. it was not possible to generate a concentration
high enough to produce death in the experimental animals. Therefore.
w1th assistance from the sponsor. an aerosol generation system was
designed which would simulate the aerosol produced during the manufacturing
process.
Figure No. 1 shows a schematic drawing of the aerosol generation
system. The system operates as follows. Approximately five hundred
(500) milliliters of melted benzotriazole is placed in the gas washing
bottle. The bottle is then placed in an oil bath at 195°C (190 - 200°C).
This temperature is maintained by the immersion heater and the hot plate.
A controlled air flow rate is provided to the bottom of the gas washing
bottle. The benzotriazole vapor-laden air is taken from the top of the
gas washing bottleK diluted, and cooled with admixture of a controlled
flow of clean dry air. To prevent condensation of benzotriazole in the
Teflon delivery tube, it was necessary to heat this tube to 200°C also.
However, even with this precaution the final few centimeters of the
delivery tube had to be cleaned of solid benzotriazole every hour. This
system produced a very fine white aerosole. Chamber concentration was
controlled by varying the air flow rate to the gas washing bottle. - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of exposure:
- 3 h
- Concentrations:
- 0.78/1.46/2.03/2.23/2.71 mg/L
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: every 7 days
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight, gross pathology - Statistics:
- 95 % confidence limits
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 1.91 mg/L air (analytical)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 1.59 - <= 2.29
- Exp. duration:
- 3 h
- Mortality:
- Exposure concentration mg/l // Percent mortality
0.78 // 0
1.46 // 10
2.03 // 20
2.23 // 50
2.71 // 100
All but one death occurred during the final half-hour of exposure. One animal was found dead the morning after exposure in the group exposed to 2.23 mg/l - Clinical signs:
- other: During exposure, the only pharmacotoxic sign observed was deep abdominal breathing with open mouth gasping apparent during exposure to the two highest concentrations. After exposure, all surviving animals appeared normal and healthy.
- Body weight:
- The surviving animals appeared to gain weight normally.
- Gross pathology:
- The cut trachea exhibited a very severe accumulation of white frothy fluid,
The lungs exhibited a moderate to severe incidence of dark red hemorrhagic areas in all lobes. The cut surface of the lungs did not indicate the presence of pulmonary edema.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: disambigious
- Remarks:
- Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- The drawbacks to aerolise 1H-benzotriazole (heating to 200°C) make it difficult to interprete the study:
From the Information given, it is not possible to distinguish if the rats died because of the heat of the aerosol or its toxic potential.
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