Registration Dossier

Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets

Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Endpoint summary

Currently viewing:

Administrative data

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Effects on fertility

Link to relevant study records
Reference
Endpoint:
screening for reproductive / developmental toxicity
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
2013
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 421 (Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Limit test:
no
Species:
rat
Strain:
other: RccHan: WIST(SPF)
Sex:
male/female
Route of administration:
oral: gavage
Vehicle:
polyethylene glycol
Frequency of treatment:
The purpose of this study was to generate preliminary information concerning the possible effects of repeated exposure of C.I. PIGMENT RED 3 over a limited period of time on male and female reproductive performance such as gonadal function, mating behavior, conception, development of the conceptus and parturition.
Four groups of 12 males and 12 females were treated by gavage with C.I. PIGMENT RED 3 once daily. Males were treated over a 14-day pre-pairing period and during the pairing period up to one day before necropsy. Females were treated throughout the pre-pairing, pairing, gestation and lactation period up to the day 3 post partum.

The following dose levels were used:
Group 1: 0 mg/kg body weight/day (control group)
Group 2 100 mg/kg body weight/day
Group 3: 300 mg/kg body weight/day
Group 4 1000 mg/kg body weight/day

A dose volume of 5 mL/kg body weight with a daily adjustment to the actual body weight was used. Control animals were dosed with the vehicle alone (polyethylene glycol 300).
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
1000 mg/kgbw/d
Basis:
nominal conc.
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
100 mg/kgbw/d
Basis:
nominal conc.
Remarks:
Doses / Concentrations:
300 mg/kgbw/d
Basis:

No. of animals per sex per dose:
12
Control animals:
yes, concurrent vehicle
Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Effect level:
> 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
Based on:
test mat.
Sex:
male/female
Basis for effect level:
clinical signs
mortality
body weight and weight gain
food consumption and compound intake
organ weights and organ / body weight ratios
histopathology: neoplastic
Remarks on result:
not determinable
Remarks:
no NOAEL identified Generation not specified (migrated information)
Dose descriptor:
NOAEL
Generation:
F1
Effect level:
> 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
Based on:
test mat.
Sex:
male/female
Basis for effect level:
body weight and weight gain
histopathology: neoplastic
Reproductive effects observed:
not specified

The following results were obtained:

1.1 Parent Animals

Mortality and General Tolerability

Five males died during the course of the study. The cause of death was in four animals related to aspiration of the test item. For one animal that cause of death could not be established because no necropsy was performed, but likely was similar in nature.

All other animals survived until the scheduled necropsy.

Food Consumption

The mean daily food consumption of all test item-treated males compared well with this of the control males during the pre-pairing period.

There were no statistically significant differences between the mean food consumption values of test item-treated females compared with the controls during pre-pairing, gestation and lactation.

Body Weights

There were no test item-related effects upon body weights of either males or females.

 

Reproduction and Breeding Data

No effects on mating performance, fertility, corpora lutea count or duration of gestation were observed at any dose level.

Organ Weights

No test item-related effects on organ weights of males were noted at any dose level.

Macroscopic Findings and Histopathological Examinations

No test item-related macroscopic findings were noted at any dose level.

There were no gross lesions recorded at necropsy that could be attributed to treatment. However, there were findings related to aspiration of the test item into the lungs. All other lesions recorded were within the expected range of gross lesions that may be recorded in animals at this age.

In the reproductive organs, all findings recorded were within the range of normal background lesions which may be recorded in animals of this strain and age. There were only single cases with isolated tubules that showed minor changes. They consisted of single sperm resorptions in stage VIII, IX or X tubules, some cases of single sperm retentions in a Stage IX tubule, and in one case, a single tubule was completely degenerated.

No histological evidence of a direct toxicological property in the reproductive organs and tissues examined was detected. Therefore the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for reproductive toxicity was considered to be at 1000 mg/kg/day.

1.2 Litter Data - F1 Pups

Findings at First Litter Check and during Lactation

No test item-related findings were noted in pups at any dose level.

The sex ratio of the test item-treated pups did not indicate any effects of toxicological relevance.

Pup Weights to Day 4 Post Partum

No test item-related effects on pup body weights were noted at any dose level.

Macroscopic Findings

No test item-related findings were found in pups at any dose level.

The test item caused no indication of toxicity in the testes. The stages were complete in all animals. There was no indicator for induced maturation arrest, increased resorption, necrosis or any other injury. Furthermore, there was no lesion in interstitial cells.

There were no lesions recorded in the ovaries.

Conclusions:
Because fecal discoloration (i.e. a secondary passive finding) was noted in treated rats at all dose levels, a NOEL (No Observed Effect Level) could not be established.
Based on the data generated from this reproduction / developmental toxicity screening test, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is established at 1000 mg/kg body weight for general toxicity and reproduction in parental animals and for developmental toxicity in the pups.
Executive summary:

The purpose of this study was to generate preliminary information concerning the possible effects of repeated exposure of C.I. PIGMENT RED 3 over a limited period of time on male and female reproductive performance such as gonadal function, mating behavior, conception, development of the conceptus and parturition.

 

Four groups of 12 males and 12 females were treated by gavage with C.I. PIGMENT RED 3 once daily. Males were treated over a 14-day pre-pairing period and during the pairing period up to one day before necropsy. Females were treated throughout the pre-pairing, pairing, gestation and lactation period up to the day 3 post partum.

 

The following dose levels were used:

 

Group 1: 0 mg/kg body weight/day (control group)

Group 2 100 mg/kg body weight/day

Group 3: 300 mg/kg body weight/day

Group 4 1000 mg/kg body weight/day

 

A dose volume of 5 mL/kg body weight with a daily adjustment to the actual body weight was used. Control animals were dosed with the vehicle alone (polyethylene glycol 300).

 

The following results were obtained:

 

1.1 Parent Animals

Mortality and General Tolerability

Five males died during the course of the study. The cause of death was in four animals related to aspiration of the test item. For one animal that cause of death could not be established because no necropsy was performed, but likely was similar in nature.

 

All other animals survived until the scheduled necropsy.

 

Clinical Signs or Observations

No test item related clinical signs beside reddish discolored feces were noted.

Food Consumption

The mean daily food consumption of all test item-treated males compared well with that of the control males during the pre-pairing period.

There were no statistically significant differences between the mean food consumption values of test item-treated females compared with the controls during pre-pairing, gestation and lactation.

 

Body Weights

There were no test item-related effects upon body weights of either males or females.

Reproduction and Breeding Data

No effects on mating performance, fertility, corpora lutea count or duration of gestation were observed at any dose level.

Organ Weights

No test item-related effects on organ weights of males were noted at any dose level.

Macroscopic Findings and Histopathological Examinations

No test item-related macroscopic findings were noted at any dose level.

There were no gross lesions recorded at necropsy that could be attributed to treatment. However, there were findings related to aspiration of the test item into the lungs. All other lesions recorded were within the expected range of gross lesions that may be recorded in animals at this age.

In the reproductive organs, all findings recorded were within the range of normal background lesions which may be recorded in animals of this strain and age. There were only single cases with isolated tubules that showed minor changes. They consisted of single sperm resorptions in stage VIII, IX or X tubules, some cases of single sperm retentions in a stage IX tubule, and in one case, a single tubule was completely degenerated.

The test item caused no indication of toxicity in the testes. The stages were complete in all animals. There was no indicator for induced maturation arrest, increased resorption, necrosis or any other injury. Furthermore, there was no lesion in interstitial cells.

There were no lesions recorded in the ovaries.

No macroscopic or histological evidence of a direct toxicological property in the organs and tissues examined was detected. Therefore the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for general toxicity and for reproductive toxicity was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day.

 

1.2 Litter Data - F1 Pups

Findings at First Litter Check and during Lactation

No test item-related findings were noted in pups at any dose level.

The sex ratio of the test item-treated pups did not indicate any effects of toxicological relevance.

Pup Weights to Day 4 Post Partum

No test item-related effects on pup body weights were noted at any dose level.

Macroscopic Findings

No test item-related findings were noted in pups at any dose level.

 

1.3 Conclusion

Because fecal discoloration (i.e. a secondary passive finding) was noted in treated rats at all dose levels, a NOEL (No Observed Effect Level) could not be established.

Based on the data generated from this reproduction / developmental toxicity screening test, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is established at 1000 mg/kg body weight for general toxicity and reproduction in parental animals and for developmental toxicity in the pups.

Effect on fertility: via oral route
Endpoint conclusion:
no adverse effect observed
Study duration:
subacute
Species:
rat
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available
Effect on fertility: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available

Effects on developmental toxicity

Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available

Toxicity to reproduction: other studies

Additional information

Effects on fertility

The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment:

Reproductive toxicity - fertility - oral/dermal/inhalation: Based on the data generated from in an OECD 421 reproduction / developmental toxicity screening test, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is established at 1000 mg/kg body weight for general toxicity and reproduction in parental animals and for developmental toxicity in the pups; substance is not classified for this endpoint. The substance is considered not to exert any reproductive toxic effects (fertility).

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity: Non-human information: This information is not available.

Developmental toxicity

The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment:

Reproductive toxicity - developmental toxicity / teratogenicity - oral/dermal/inhalation: Study was waived; substance is not classified for this endpoint. The substance is considered not to exert any reproductive toxic effects (developmental toxicity).

Reproductive toxicity - developmental toxicity / teratogenicity:

Reproduction: Non-human information: This information is not available.

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity: Non-human information: This information is not available.

Justification for classification or non-classification

It can reasonably be deduced that Pigment Red 3 does not cause toxicity to reproduction and thus does not have to be classified according to the criteria laid down in the EU Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) and in the EU Classification Labelling and Packaging Regulation (1272/2008/EC), because

- Pigment Red 3 is a chemically unreactive substance,

- Pigment Red 3 can be considered insoluble because it has an extremely low solubility in water and n-octanol,

- due to its extremely low solubility, it is unlikely that Pigment Red 3 becomes systemically bioavailable to a significant extent after oral, dermal or inhalation exposure,

- Pigment Red 3 caused no systemic toxic effects in an OECD 421 study in rats (NOAEL 1000 mg/kg/day) and there was no evidence of absorption of the substance. However systemic toxic effects have been seen in 2 year feed studies with high doses (up to 50,000 mg/kg in diet)

- Pigment Red 3 does not have to be classified as skin sensitizing or as skin or eye irritating, indicating that its chemical inertness and extremely low solubility in water and n-octanol largely prevent interaction with living cells and tissues.

It can therefore be concluded with sufficient certainty that Pigment Red 3 will not cause toxicity to reproduction and that testing is not scientifically necessary.

 

It can reasonably be deduced that Pigment Red 3 does not cause developmental toxicity (including effects on breast-fed babies via the mother’s milk) and thus does not have to be classified according to the criteria laid down in the EU Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) and in the EU Classification Labelling and Packaging Regulation (1272/2008/EC), because

- Pigment Red 3 is a chemically unreactive substance,

- Pigment Red 3 can be considered insoluble because it has an extremely low solubility in water and n-octanol,

- due to its extremely low solubility, it is unlikely that Pigment Red 3 becomes systemically bioavailable or enters the mother's milk after oral, dermal or inhalation exposure,

- Pigment Red 3 caused no systemic toxic effects in an OECD 421 study in rats (NOAEL 1000 mg/kg/day) and there was no evidence of absorption of the substance. However systemic toxic effects have been seen in 2 year feed studies with high doses (up to 50,000 mg/kg in diet)

- Pigment Red 3 does not have to be classified as skin sensitizing or as skin or eye irritating, indicating that its chemical inertness and extremely low solubility in water and n-octanol largely prevent interaction with living cells and tissues.

It can therefore be concluded with sufficient certainty that Pigment Red 3 will not cause developmental toxicity and that testing is not scientifically necessary.

Additional information