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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Endpoint:
toxicity to other aquatic vertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Non-GLP, non-guideline data, no analytical follow-up (issue when considering the long exposure time), lacking details on design (media characteristics)

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1976

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
no guideline available
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Teratogenicity towards Xenopus (amphibian) embryos:
Test using embryonic and larval stages of frogs, aimed at assaying the effects on the development of frogs and determining EC50 and no-effect levels.
- Greenhouse, G. (1976). A method for evaluating the toxic effects of pollutants on fresh water systems using embryos and larvae of Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. Environ. Pollut.
- Nieuwkoop, P. and Faber, J. (1956). Normal Table of Xenopus Laevis (Daudin). North Holland, Amsterdam.
GLP compliance:
no
Remarks:
prior to GLP

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Methylhydrazine
EC Number:
200-471-4
EC Name:
Methylhydrazine
Cas Number:
60-34-4
Molecular formula:
CH6N2
IUPAC Name:
methylhydrazine
Details on test material:
source: Aldrich Chemical Company

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:
no

Test solutions

Details on test solutions:
Each glass bowl contained one liter of water and 100 embryos.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):
Xenopus laevis
Details on test organisms:
Xenopus laevis embryos/larvae:
embryos (obtained by injection of frogs with human chorionic gonadotropin) were dejellied in 3% cystein, 0.1% papain, pH 8.0, and then cultured in aged dechlorinated tap water in glass bowls.
Only clutches of eggs which proved to be at least 95% fertile were used.

, source: wild-caught (drainage ditches in Costa Mesa, California) or commercial (South African Snake Farm, South Africa).
maintained in glass aquaria
fed Purina Trout Chow twice weekly

Study design

Test type:
static
Water media type:
not specified
Limit test:
no
Remarks on exposure duration:
from blastula to hatching
Post exposure observation period:
no data

Test conditions

Hardness:
no data
Test temperature:
no data
pH:
no data
Dissolved oxygen:
no data
Salinity:
no data
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal test concentrations of <5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 mg/L.
Details on test conditions:
no data
Reference substance (positive control):
no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
> 5 - < 7.5 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
morphology
Remarks:
teratogenicity
Details on results:
=< 5% embryos malformed at =< 5 mg/L
>= 97% embryos malformed at >= 7.5 mg/L
very steep dose-effect curve, so no precise EC50 value could be derived statistically
Reported statistics and error estimates:
not applicable

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not applicable
Remarks:
non-guideline
Executive summary:

MMH was teratogenic to Xenopus laevis frog embryos. The EC50 for malformations lied between 5 and 7.5 mg/L, with an extremely steep dose-effect curve.