Fatty acids, lanolin

Acute Toxicity: dermal

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Between 04 August 2010 and 18 August 2010.

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.3 (Acute Toxicity (Dermal))

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Date of Inspection: 15/09/2009 Date of signature: 26/11/2009

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Lanolin Fatty acids

IUPAC Name:

Lanolin Fatty acids

Details on test material:

Sponsor's identification: Lanolin Fatty Acids
Description: brown waxy solid
Batch number: 0000371886
Date received: 08 February 2010
Storage conditions: room temperature in the dark

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

Test Animals:
Animals: Rat, Wistar (RccHan:WIST)

Rationale: Recognized by international guidelines as a recommended test system.The rat was selected for this study as it is a readily available rodent species historically used in safety evaluation studies and is acceptable to appropriate regulatory authorities.

Breeder: Harlan Laboratories UK Limited, Bicester, Oxon, UK.

Number of Animals per Group: 5 males and 5 females

Total number of Animals: 5 males and 5 females

Age when treated: At the start of the study the animals weighed at least 200g, and were eight to twelve weeks of age. The weight variation did not exceed ± 20% of the mean weight for each sex.

Identification: After an acclimatisation period of at least five days the animals were selected at random and given a number unique within the study by indelible ink-marking on the tail and a number written on a cage card.

Acclimatization: At least 5 days under laboratory conditions, after health examination. Only animals without any visible signs of illness were used for the study.

Environmental Conditions:
Conditions:
The temperature and relative humidity were within the range of 19 to 25°C and 30 to 70% respectively. The rate of air exchange was at least fifteen changes per hour and the lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness.

The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items which were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.

Accommodation:
The animals were housed in suspended solid-floor polypropylene cages furnished with woodflakes. The animals were housed individually during the 24-hour exposure period and in groups of five, by sex, for the remainder of the study.

Diet:
Free access food (2014 Teklad Global Rodent diet supplied by Harlan Teklad, Blackthorn, Bicester, Oxon, UK) was allowed throughout the study. The diet was routinely analysed and were considered not to contain any contaminants that could reasonably be expected to affect the purpose or integrity of the study.

Water:
Free access to mains drinking water was allowed throughout the study. The drinking
water was routinely analysed and were considered not to contain any contaminants that could reasonably be expected to affect the purpose or integrity of the study.

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Vehicle:

arachis oil

Details on dermal exposure:

On the day before treatment the back and flanks of each animal were clipped free of hair.

Using available information on the toxicity of the test item, a group of five male and five female rats was treated with the test item at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg.


The appropriate amount of test item, moistened with arachis oil BP, was applied as evenly as possible to an area of shorn skin (approximately 10% of the total body surface area). A piece of surgical gauze was placed over the treatment area and semi-occluded with a piece of self adhesive bandage. The animals were caged individually for the 24 Hour exposure period. Shortly after dosing the dressings were examined to ensure that they were securely in place.

After the 24-hour contact period the bandage was carefully removed and the treated skin and surrounding hair wiped with cotton wool moistened
with distilled water to remove any residual test material. The animals were returned to group housing for the remainder of the study period.

The animals were observed for deaths or overt signs of toxicity ½, 1, 2 and 4 hours after dosing and subsequently once daily for fourteen days.


Rationale: The dermal route was selected as the most appropriate route of exposure and the results of the study are believed to be of value in predicting the likely toxicity of the test item to man.

Duration of exposure:

24 hours

Doses:

2000 mg /kg body weight

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

not required

Details on study design:

After the 24-Hour contact period the bandage was carefully removed and the treated skin and surrounding hair wiped with cotton wool moistened with arachis oil BP to remove any residual test item. The animals were returned to group housing for the remainder of the study period. The gauze and bandage were not intact on one animal and there was little residual test item at the test site. Clinical observations were also noted in this animal, possibly due to ingestion of the test item.

The animals were observed for deaths or overt signs of toxicity ½, 1, 2 and 4 hours after dosing and subsequently once daily for fourte The animals were returned to group housing for the remainder of the study period.

After removal of the dressings and subsequently once daily for fourteen days, the test sites were examined for evidence of primary irritation and
scored according to the following scale from Draize J H (1977) "Dermal and Eye Toxicity Tests" In: Principles and Procedures for Evaluating the
Toxicity of Household Substances, National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC p.31:

EVALUATION OF SKIN REACTIONS
Erythema and Eschar Formation Value

No erythema 0
Very slight erythema (barely perceptible) 1
Well-defined erythema 2
Moderate to severe erythema 3
Severe erythema (beef redness) to slight eschar formation (injuries in depth) 4

Oedema Formation

No oedema 0
Very slight oedema (barely perceptible) 1
Slight oedema (edges of area well-defined by definite raising) 2
Moderate oedema (raised approximately 1 millimetre) 3
Severe oedema (raised more than 1 millimetre and extending beyond the area of exposure) 4

Any other skin reactions, if present were also recorded.

Individual bodyweights were recorded prior to application of the test material on Day 0 and on Days 7 and 14.

At the end of the study the animals were killed by cervical dislocation. All animals were subjected to gross necropsy. This consisted of an external
examination and opening of the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The appearance of any macroscopic abnormalities was recorded. No tissues were
retained.

Rationale: Dermal administration was used as this is one possible route of human exposure during manufacture, handling and use of the test item.

Evaluation of Data
Data evaluations included the relationship, if any, between the exposure of the animal to the test item and the incidence and severity of all abnormalities including behavioural and clinical observations, gross lesions, bodyweight changes, mortality and any other toxicological effects.
Using the mortality data obtained, an estimate of the acute dermal median lethal dose (LD50) of the test item was made.

Statistics:

No statistical analysis was performed.

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 2 000 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Remarks on result:

other: 95% confidence limits not reported.

Mortality:

No deaths occurred during the study.

Clinical signs:

other: Due to possible ingestion of test item, signs of systemic toxicity noted in one female animal were hunched posture, lethargy, gasping respiration, decreased respiratory rate and pallor of the extremities. There were no other signs of systemic toxicity

Gross pathology:

No abnormalities were noted at necropsy.

Other findings:

None.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

not classified

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

The acute dermal median lethal dose (LD50) of the test item in the Wistar strain rat was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.

Executive summary:

Introduction. The study was performed to assess the acute dermal toxicity of the test item in the Wistar strain rat. The method was designed to meet the requirements of the following:

§        OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals No. 402 “Acute Dermal Toxicity” (adopted 24 February 1987)

§        Method B3 Acute Toxicity (Dermal) of CommissionRegulation (EC) No. 440/2008

Method. A group of ten animals (five males and five females) was given a single, 24‑Hour, semi‑occluded dermal application of the test item to intact skin at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg bodyweight. Clinical signs and bodyweight development were monitored during the study. All animals were subjected to gross necropsy.

Mortality. There were no deaths.

Clinical Observations. Due to possible ingestion of test item, signs of systemic toxicity noted in one female animal were hunched posture, lethargy, gasping respiration, decreased respiratory rate and pallor of the extremities. There were no other signs of systemic toxicity noted.

Dermal Irritation. Very slight erythema was noted at the test sites of all animals.

Bodyweight. Animals showed expected gains in bodyweight over the study period except for three females which showed bodyweight loss or no gain in bodyweight during the first week with expected gain in bodyweight during the second week.

Necropsy. No abnormalities were noted at necropsy.

Conclusion. The acute dermal median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of the test item in the Wistar strain rat was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.