(1E)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

11 May 2009 to 15 May 2009

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: OECD guideline study conducted under GLP conditions.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

1992

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

, see "Any other information on materials and methods"

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples for analysis were taken from the centre of the test solutions.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

DILUTION WATER:
The dilution water was dechlorinated tap water, which had been passed through activated carbon, coarsely filtered to remove particulate material and dechlorinated with sodium thiosulphate. Salts were added, as required, to maintain minimum hardness levels, and the treated water was then passed through an ultraviolet steriliser to a set of 25 and 10 μm filters. The supply was then delivered to a temperature controlled header tank in the test laboratory set to the nominal test temperature ± 1 °C.

PREPARATION OF TEST SOLUTION:
A single stock solution was prepared by bubbling the gas through 23 L of dilution water for approximately 45 minutes after which it was sealed and allowed to stand for 30 minutes. Samples were then taken for chemical analysis to confirm the concentration of the stock. These showed that initial levels of test substance in the stock were approximately 260 mg/L so an attempt to get more test material into stock was made by bubbling gas through the solution for a further 15 minutes after which additional samples for analysis were taken. The second set of analytical results showed that the stock solution now contained a nominal 475 mg/L of test material and its appearance was clear with a number of colourless, oily globules of test material on the bottom of the jar. Initially 10 L of dilution water were added directly to the test vessels followed by the required amount of stock solution. After this the remaining volume of dilution water was then added and the vessels sealed using the glass lids. The resultant solutions were as follows; 15 – 120 mg/L solutions were clear and colourless while the 240 mg/L solution was clear with some colourless, oily globules on the base of the test vessel.

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

The test organism was the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The fish (batch 68-09) were obtained from Houghton Springs Fish Farm, Winterbourne Houghton, Blandford Forum, Dorset DT11 0PD on 25 March 2009 and held in stock tanks at Brixham Environmental Laboratory for at least 12 days before the start of the test. No mortalities were observed in the batch of fish in the 48 hours prior to the test.
Following their arrival on site the fish were held in 25 % seawater and given, twice daily a prophylactic treatment of Formalin (25 ppm) and Malachite green (1 mL/100 L) for 9 days. The treatment was completed on 3 April 2009, 38 days prior to the test. Prior to the test the fish were acclimatized to the test temperature (15 ± 1 °C) for a minimum period of 7 days.
During the holding and acclimatization periods the fish were fed appropriate amounts of a commercial fish food. Food was withheld from the fish for at least 24 hours prior to the commencement of the test.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

53.3 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

15 ± 1 °C

pH:

6.8 - 7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

4.6 - 9.7 mg/L

Salinity:

0.1 ‰

Conductivity:

206 µS/cm

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- Nominal concentrations: 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg/L.
- Measured concentrations (t=0): - Measured concentrations (t=96): - Measured concentrations (arithmetic mean):

Details on test conditions:

TEST PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS:
Single glass spherical vessels, with an approximate external diameter of 370 mm, and a glass lid with ground edges were used for the dilution water control and the exposure solutions. The vessels had a working volume of between 20 – 25 L. The test solutions were not aerated. The photoperiod in this study was 16 hours fluorescent light and 8 hours dark with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods commencing at 06:00 and 21:40 hours. At the start of the test seven fish were randomly allocated to each of the test concentrations and the dilution water control. The fish were not fed during the course of the test.

OBSERVATIONS FOR MORTALITY AND SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY:
Observations for mortalities and symptoms of toxicity were made at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Symptoms of toxicity were also recorded at 3 hours. At the end of the exposure period, the fish from the dilution water control were weighed and measured. The range in weight was 0.85 to 1.20 g with a mean of 1.03 g, and the range in length was 40 to 47 mm with a mean of 43 mm. The loading of fish in the dilution water control was approximately 0.36 g/L.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS:
Daily measurements of the test solutions were undertaken throughout the 96 hour period for pH and dissolved oxygen concentration using calibrated meters. Temperature values were determined daily using a mercury-in-glass thermometer calibrated to 0.1 °C and conforming to "BS593". Hourly temperature measurements were also recorded automatically in the dilution water control using an electronic recording system.

Reference substance (positive control):

not required

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 38 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% C.L.: 25-59 mg/L

Details on results:

SYMPTOMS OF TOXICITY:
The general symptoms of toxicity, other than mortalities, noted in this study were surfacing, loss of balance, and dark discolouration. In the 12 mg/L concentration ≤ 10 % of the test population died or exhibited symptoms of toxicity (considered not to be biologically significant). In the 25 mg/L concentration the fish showed symptoms of toxicity for the first 72 hours but appeared to have recovered by the end of the study. At all higher concentrations the general symptoms were reported in live fish from 3 hours exposure time untill the end of the study. At the end of the exposure period, the fish from the dilution water control were weighed and measured. The range in weight was 0.85 – 1.20 g with a mean of 1.03 g, and the range in length was 40 – 47 mm with a mean of 43 mm.

ANALYTICAL DATA:
The measured concentrations at the start of the test ranged from 93 to 179 % of the nominal values. The measured concentrations at the end of the test ranged from 65 to 238 % of the nominal values. The mean measured concentrations increased gradualy from 80 to 208% of the nominal values confirming that the test substance was in solution.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The LC50 values, and their 95 % confidence limits, were calculated at the various time intervals by the Brixham Environmental Laboratory computer program “PCLC50” using Stephan's method.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Percentage mortality during the test:

Mean measured concentration [mg/L]	Cumulative percentage mortality observed
	24 h	48 h	72 h	96h
0	0	0	0	0
12	0	0	0	0
25	0	0	0	0
59	86	86	100	100
140	100	100	100	100
500	100	100	100	100

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 96-h LC50 value in rainbow trout (O. mykiss) is 38 mg/L (mean measured concentration).

Executive summary:

The short-term toxicity of the substance to fish was determined in a study in accordance with OECD TG 203 and in compliance with GLP criteria. In this study Oncorhynchus mykiss (7 per concentration) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg/L test substance and a dilution water control for 96 hours under static conditions. Test concentrations were analytical verified. Measured concentrations were 12, 25, 59, 140 and 500 mg/L (arithmetic mean). The high measured concentration for the nominal 240 mg/L solution was attributed to the presence of colourless, oily globules in the test solution. Observations for mortalities and symptoms of toxicity were made at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exposure. Symptoms of toxicity were also recorded at 3 hours. At test concentrations of 12 and 25 mg/L no mortalities were observed and symptoms of toxicity were minimal and reversible. At all higher concentrations cumulative mortalities were 100%. Before death general symptoms of toxicity were surfacing, loss of balance, and dark discolouration. Based on the available data, the 96-h LC50 value is 38 mg/L (mean measured concentration).

Description of key information

The short-term toxicity of the substance to fish was determined in a study in accordance with OECD TG 203. In this study, the 96-h LC50 value is 38 mg/L (mean measured concentration).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect concentration:

38 mg/L

Additional information

The short-term toxicity of the substance to fish was determined in a study in accordance with OECD TG 203 and in compliance with GLP criteria (Brixham Environmental Laboratory, 2009). In this study Oncorhynchus mykiss (7 per concentration) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg/L test substance and a dilution water control for 96 hours under static conditions. Test concentrations were analytical verified. Measured concentrations were 12, 25, 59, 140 and 500 mg/L (arithmetic mean). The high measured concentration for the nominal 240 mg/L solution was attributed to the presence of colourless, oily globules in the test solution. Observations for mortalities and symptoms of toxicity were made at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exposure. Symptoms of toxicity were also recorded at 3 hours. At test concentrations of 12 and 25 mg/L no mortalities were observed and symptoms of toxicity were minimal and reversible. At all higher concentrations cumulative mortalities were 100 %. Before death general symptoms of toxicity were surfacing, loss of balance, and dark discolouration. Based on the available data, the 96-h LC50 value is 38 mg/L (mean measured concentration).