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EC number: 801-773-4 | CAS number: 1550-44-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 11 January 2016 to 08 July 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2012
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0.63, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 and 10.0 mg/L (nominal concentrations).
- Sampling method: 10 mL samples were taken from all control and treatment groups at the beginning of the test (0 d), after 1 and 9 days in fresh and aged medium and at the end of the test (21 d). Sampling prior to renewal was performed on one seperate vessel at each test concentration.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: no data available. - Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION :
- Method: A test substance stock solution (1000 mg/L) was prepared by dissolving 0.1010 g test substance into 100 mL Elendt M7. Test solutions at different concentrations (0.63, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 and 10 mg/L) were prepared by adding an appropriate volume of the stock solution and diluting with Elendt M7.
- Controls: yes, only Elendt M7 medium.
- Test concentration separation factor: 2.
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): No. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM:
- Common name: Water flea.
- Age at study initiation: 6 to 24 hours old at the start of the test, not being the first brood progeny.
- Method of breeding: The stock animais were maintained in culture conditions (light, temperature, and medium) similar to those to be used in the test i.e. culture medium was Elendt M7, Light: 16-hour light and 8-hour dark cycle (light intensity: 1000 to 1500 lux), temperature: around 20°C.
- Source and age of parental stock: Daphnia magna was introduced from Nanjing University in 2010.
- Feeding during test: yes.
- Food type: Chlorella vulgaris.
- Amount: 0.1 - 0.2 mg Chlorella vulgaris by Daphnia.
- Frequency: once every day.
ACCLIMATION:
- no acclimation period as the stock animais were maintained in culture conditions (light, temperature, and medium) similar to those to be used in the test. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Hardness:
- During the test period, the hardness values of the control and test media were between 221 to 232 mg (CaCO3)/L.
- Test temperature:
- During the test period, the temperature of the control and test media were between 19.3°C to 20.1°C.
- pH:
- During the test period, the pH values of the control and test media were between 7.50 and 7.99.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- During the test period, the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) values varied from 90% to 101% of the air saturation at the test temperature in the control and test media.
- Salinity:
- not concerned
- Conductivity:
- not measured
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentrations: 0 (control), 0.63, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 and 10.0 mg/L.
- Arithmetical mean of the concentrations measured in samples taken in some freshly prepared and aged test solutions (day 0, 1, 9 and 21): not detected, 0.57, 1.16, 2.22, 4.68 and 9.67 mg/L.
The concentrations of the test substance were stable throughout the 24-hour renewal period, with all analysed concentrations within 20% of the initial concentrations. Measured concentrations are summarised in the table 1 in “Any other information on results incl tables”. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 mL headspace bottle.
- Type: closed (bottle).
- Aeration: none.
- Renewal rate of test solution: semi-static conditions, 24h renewal.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1.
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10.
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10.
- Daphnid loading: 50 mL of test solution was provided for each daphnid.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Elendt M7 prepared in the test facility.
- Culture medium different from test medium: no.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Oxygen concentration, temperature, hardness and pH values were measured at the beginning of the test (0 d), on day 3 and 9 in fresh and aged medium and at the end of the tests (21 d) in the control and in the 0.63 and 10 mg/L treatments.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: not concerned.
- Photoperiod: Light: 16-hour light and 8-hour dark cycle.
- Light intensity: 1000 to 1500 lux.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
The number of living offspring was counted for each vessel daily. The offspring produced by each parent animal were preferably removed and counted daily from the appearance of the first brood to prevent them consuming food intended for the adult. Time to production of first brood and number of broods per animal were also reported.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS:
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2 in the definitve test.
- Range finding study: yes.
* Test concentrations of the range finding test: 1 and 10 mg/L nominal concentrations.
* Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: The inhibition of the reproduction was 11.4% at 1.00 mg/L and 51.5% at 10 mg/L after 21 days with a statistically significant difference at the highest concentration of 10 mg/L as compared to the control treatment (Dunnett's test). - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 4.68 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 9.67 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks:
- (of adults)
- Details on results:
- - Mortality: At the end of the test period, no adults died in 0.63, 1.25, 2.50 and 5.00 mg/L treatments. 1 adult died in 10.0 mg/L treatment, but this was determined as not statistically significant (according to the Chi-square test results, the significance level of p > 0.05). Thus the LOEC for survival of adults was > 10.0 mg/L (measured concentration 9.67 mg/L) and the NOEC was = 10.0 mg/L (measured concentration 9.67 mg/L).
- Reproduction: The number of live offspring produced per control parent animal was 61-83. The coefficient of variation around the mean number of living offspring produced per control parent animal in the control(s) was 9.36% (<25%). The inhibition of reproduction was assessed according to the number of produced offspring per survival parent. The inhibitions of reproduction as compared to control were 7.76%, 9.37%, 10.8% 15.9% and 23.7% for the nominal test concentrations of 0.63, 1.25, 2.50 , 5.00 and 10 mg/L respectively. According to Dunnett's test, there is a statistically significant difference only at the highest concentration of 10 mg/L compared to the control treatment.
- Other adverse effects/abnormal responses: none reported.
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no.
Adult mortalities and number of live offspring observed in the definitive test are reported in the tables 2 to 7. Table 8 summarizes the reproduction effect observed in the definitive test. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistical analysis on the parental survival data were performed using Chi-square tests.
Concerning the number of living offspring produced per parent animal, the mean reproduction for each concentration were compared with the control mean reproduction using an ANOVA analysis and a multiple comparison method of Dunnett' s tests (Dunnett' s tests). - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Both validity criteria of the OECD 211 were fulfilled. All parent animals in the control were alive (i.e. < 20%) and the number of live offsprings produced per parent daphnia surviving at the end of the test ranged from 61 to 83 (i.e. > 60).
- Conclusions:
- The 21-day NOECs of 2,2-Difluoroethyl acetate to Daphnia magna based on adult survival and reproduction were concluded to be superior or equal to 9.67 mg/L and equal to 4.68 mg/L, respectively.
- Executive summary:
The chronic toxicity of 2,2-Difluoroethyl acetate to Daphnia magna was investigated in a 21-day semi-static test according to the OECD test guideline 211 under GLP compliance.
Ten parental water fleas (Daphnia magna) were individually exposed for 21 days under semi-static conditions (daily renewal) to a control treatment and to nominal concentrations of 0.63, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/L 2,2-Difluoroethyl acetate. The corresponding actual concentrations were measured using GC/MS as being equal to 0.57, 1.16, 2.22, 4.68 and 9.67 mg/L, respectively (average of concentrations measured in samples taken in some freshly prepared and aged test solutions). The survival of parental daphnids and the number of produced offspring were assessed daily.
At the end of the test, all parental daphnids survived in the control treatment and the treatments exposed to 0.57, 1.16, 2.22 and 4.68 mg/L DFEA. One parental daphnid died in the treatment exposed to 9.67 mg/L DFEA, but this was determined as not statistically significant. In terms of number of produced offspring, there is a statistically significant difference only at the highest concentration of 9.67 mg/L with an inhibition of reproduction of 23.7 % as compared to the control treatment.
The 21-day NOECs based on adult survival and reproduction in D. magna were thus concluded to be superior or equal to 9.67 mg/L and equal to 4.68 mg/L, respectively.
Reference
Table 1: Measured test results of 2,2-difluoroethyl acetate in test medium
Nominal concentration (mg/L) | Mean measured | Measured concentration (mg/L) | |||||
Day 0 | Day 1 | Day 9 | Day 21 | ||||
fresh | aged | fresh | aged | fresh | aged | ||
Blank control | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
0.63 | 0.57 | 0.60 | 0.57 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.63 | 0.52 |
1.25 | 1.16 | 1.21 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1.10 | 1.20 | 1.09 |
2.50 | 2.22 | 2.23 | 2.38 | 2.14 | 2.19 | 2.10 | 2.26 |
5.00 | 4.68 | 4.63 | 4.81 | 4.83 | 4.82 | 4.45 | 4.56 |
10.0 | 9.67 | 9.60 | 9.95 | 9.54 | 9.69 | 9.85 | 9.39 |
*Arithmetic average of the analysed concentrations.
ND: not detected, since below the sensitivity of the analytical method.
Table 2: Daphnia magna reproduction and adult mortality in definitive test (Blank control)
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| |
Concentration | No | No. live offspring | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
0 mg/L | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 67 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 79 | |
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 81 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 71 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 80 | |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 77 | |
7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 61 | |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 83 | |
9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 77 | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 71 | |
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | Total | |
No. of dead adults | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Note: The coefficient of variation for control fecundity is 9.36%.
Table 3: Daphnia magna reproduction and adult mortality in definitive test (0.63 mg/L)
Exposure Time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| |
Concentartion (mg/L) | No | No. live offspring | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.63 mg/L | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 69 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 74 | |
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 79 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 62 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 77 | |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 73 | |
7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 54 | |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 63 | |
9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 72 | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 66 | |
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | Total | |
No. of dead adults | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 4: Daphnia magna reproduction and adult mortality in definitive test (1.25 mg/L)
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| |
Concetration (mg/L) | No | No. live offspring | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
1.25 mg/L | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 64 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 69 | |
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 66 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 74 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 73 | |
7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 61 | |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 78 | |
9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 75 | |
Exposure time (d) | 0 | I | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | Total | |
No. of dead adults | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 5: Daphnia magna reproduction and adult mortality in definitive test (2.50 mg/L)
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| |
Concentration (mg/L) | No | No. live offspring | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
2.50 mg/L | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 57 | |
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 73 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 67 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 68 | |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 70 | |
7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 77 | |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 62 | |
9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | () | 19 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 75 | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 64 | |
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 2I | Total | |
No. of dead adults | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 6: Daphnia magna reproduction and adult mortality in definitive test (5.00 mg/L)
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| |
Concentration (mg/L) | No | No. live offspring | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
5.00 mg/L | I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 62 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 68 | |
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 68 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 73 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 71 | |
7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 71 | |
9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 62 | |
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | Total | |
No. of dead adults | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 7: Daphnia magna reproduction and adult mortality in definitive test (10.0 mg/L)
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Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| |
Concentration (mg/L) | No | No. live offspring | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
10.0 mg/L | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 59 | |
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 70 | |
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 64 | |
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | |
7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | |
8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 66 | |
9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 64 | |
Exposure time (d) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | Total | |
No. of dead adults | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Table 8: Reproduction inhibition during the defïnitive test
Nominal concentration (mg/L) | Initial No. of | 21 d | |
Mean Fecundity (No. live offspring per adult) | Inhibition rate(%) | ||
Blank control | 10 | 75 | - |
0.63 | 10 | 69 | 7.76 |
1.25 | 10 | 68 | 9.37 |
2.50 | 10 | 67 | 10.8 |
5.00 | 10 | 63 | 15.9 |
10.0 | 10 | 57 | 23.7 |
LOEC (Dunnett' s Test) | 10.0 mg/L (measured concentration 9.67 mg/L) | ||
NOEC (Dunnett' s Test) | 5.00 mg/L (measured concentration 4.68 mg/L) |
Description of key information
The 21-day NOECs of 2,2-Difluoroethyl acetate to Daphnia magna based on adult survival and reproduction were concluded to be superior or equal to 9.67 mg/L and equal to 4.68 mg/L, respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Remarks:
- Based on reproduction
- Effect concentration:
- 4.68 mg/L
Additional information
An experimental study performed under GLP compliance and in accordance with OECD test guideline 211 was flagged as a key study and assigned a Klimisch score of 1. It reports a statistically significant effect of 2,2-Difluoroethyl acetate on Daphnia magna reproduction only at the highest concentration tested of 9.67 mg/L. The 21-day NOEC based on reproduction was concluded to be equal to the concentration immediately below of 4.68 mg/L. No statistically significant effect were reported on the survival of the parental daphnids, so that the 21-day NOEC based on survival was concluded to be superior or equal to the highest concentration tested of 9.67 mg/L.
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