1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis[pentabromobenzene]

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2003

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: study performed according to international guidelines and GLPs using commercial product as test article and published in the literature.

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2003

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Studies and evaluation of the potential toxicity of decabromodiphenyl ethane to five aquatic and sediment organisms.

Author:

Hardy et al.

Year:

2012

Bibliographic source:

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 75(1):73-9.

Reference 3

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2009

Reference 4

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2007

Reference 5

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2000

Reference 6

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1985

Reference 7

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1994

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPP 72-2 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis[pentabromobenzene]

EC Number:

284-366-9

EC Name:

1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis[pentabromobenzene]

Cas Number:

84852-53-9

Molecular formula:

C14H4Br10

IUPAC Name:

1,2,3,4,5-pentabromo-6-[2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl)ethyl]benzene

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Details on test material:

98.34 % Decabromodiphenyl ethane
1.66 % Nonabromodiphenyl ethane

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

The study was performed using the Water Accomadated Fraction (WAF). The WAF methodology was chosen due to DBDPEthanes’ negligible water solubility and the difficulty associated with generation and analysis of stable water concentrations in the preliminary work performed for this study.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Preparation and appearance of the test solutions was as for the trout study except that each WAF consisted of 4.2 L of well water.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

see below

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

no

Test conditions

Hardness:

see below

Test temperature:

see below

pH:

see below

Dissolved oxygen:

see below

Salinity:

see below

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal water accommodated fraction (WAF) loading rates of 0 (well water), 6.9, 14, 28, 55 and 110 mg/L under static conditions. The WAF methodology was chosen due to DBDPEthanes’ negligible water solubility and the difficulty associated with generation and analysis of stable water concentrations in preliminary work.

Details on test conditions:

In the daphnia 48-h study, measured water temperatures were within the 20 ± 2°C range established for the test. Dissolved oxygen concentrations remained at or above 8.2 mg/L 91% of saturation) throughout the test while pH ranged from 8.3 to 8.6. Day 0 dilution water specific conductance (μmhos/cm), hardness (mg/L as CaCO3), alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) and total organic carbon (mg C/L) were 310, 124, 184, and <1, respectively.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

>= 110 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

All daphnids in the negative control appeared healthy and normal throughout the test. No immobile or dead organisms were observed n any of the treatment groups after 48 h. The ELR50 values at 24 and 48 h were determined to be >110 mg/L, the highest concentration tested.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The test article was not acutely toxic to Daphnia magna.

Executive summary:

In the daphnia 48-h study, measured water temperatures were within the 20 ± 2°C range established for the test. Dissolved oxygen concentrations remained at or above 8.2 mg/L 91% of saturation) throughout the test while pH ranged from 8.3 to 8.6. Day 0 dilution water specific conductance (μmhos/cm), hardness (mg/L as CaCO3), alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) and total organic carbon (mg C/L) were 310, 124, 184, and <1, respectively. All daphnids in the negative control appeared healthy and normal throughout the test. No immobile or dead organisms were observed in any of the treatment groups after 48 h. The ELR50 values at 24 and 48 h were determined to be >110 mg/L, the highest concentration tested.