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EC number: 907-706-6 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Experimental test result performed using standard OECD test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The test solution was prepared by dissolving 200mg of test chemical in 200ml of M7 medium to get the final concentration of 1000 mg/L. Stock solution was verified analytically by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The final solubility value obtained after analytical detection was 62.423 mg/L. Further, exposure concentrations of 0, 0.987, 1.481, 2.222, 3.333 and 5 mg/l, respectively was from the stock solution.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: Eggs of Daphnia magna were obtained from MicroBio tests Kleimoer 15B-9030 MARIAKERKE (GENT) BELGIUM
- Feeding during test: no
- Other: A population of parthenogenetic females of synchronized age structure has been maintained for more than 2 years in the test facility under constant temperature conditions (18 to 22°C) at a 16 : 8 hour light-dark photoperiod (illumination: < 1000 lux). The culture media (M7 medium') was partly renewed twice a week. During the maintenance of test organism, test daphnids were fed with unicellular green algae (Selenestrum capricornutum). - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- > 140 mg of CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 25°C
- pH:
- 7.3-7.9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 5.0-7.5
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0, 0.987, 1.481, 2.222, 3.333 and 5 mg/l
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beaker
- Aeration: No aeration during experiment
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 25 ml of glass beaker filled with 20 ml media having headspace of 5 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20 daphnids
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod:16 hours light and 8 hours dark
- Light intensity: 1000 – 1500 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : The criterion of immobilisation used in this study was the absence of response to physical stimulation. In addition to observations on mortality at 24, and 48 hours, type and incidence of sub-effective effects compared with control Daphnia were observed.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate was used as a reference substance for the study.
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 24 hr EC50 value of reference substance potassium dichromate was determined to be 0.831 mg/l.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 1. In the control, including the control containing the solubilising agent, not more that 10 percent of the daphnids should have been immobilized. 2. The dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test should be 3 mg/l in control and test vessels
- Conclusions:
- Based on nominal concentrations, experimental median effective concentrations [EC50 (48 h)] for test chemical on Daphnia magna was determined to be > 5.0 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
An acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on Daphnia magna. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 202“Daphnia sp.,Acute Immobilization Test”. The test solution was prepared by dissolving 200mg of test chemical in 200ml of M7 medium to get the final concentration of 1000 mg/L. Stock solution was verified analytically by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The final solubility value obtained after analytical detection was 62.423 mg/L. Further, exposure concentrations of 0, 0.987, 1.481, 2.222, 3.333 and 5 mg/l, respectively was from the stock solution. Study was performed using 20 daphnids in a static system. Total 20 Daphnids/conc. were exposed to test chemical in 25 ml beakers in a volume of 20 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 18 -22°C, hardness of water > 140 mg of CaCO3 and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions with light intensity 1000 – 1500 Lux, respectively. One control vessel was also run simultaneously during the study. The animals in control and test chemical concentrations were exposed for a period of 48 hour. Potassium dichromate was used as a reference substance for the study. The 24 hr EC50 value of reference substance was determined to be 0.831 mg/l. No Immobility were found in the control test animals and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test in the control and test vessel was ≥ 3 mg/l, thus validity criterion of the study has been fulfilled. As the concentration of the test chemical being tested has been satisfactorily maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal concentration throughout the test. Therefore, the analysis of the results was based on nominal concentration. On the basis of effect of test chemical on mobility of the test organism, the median effect concentration (EC50 (48 h)) value was determined to be > 5 mg/L. Since the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per CLP classification criteria.
Reference
Table: Assessment of test concentrations
Sr. no. |
Concentrations (mg/l) |
Wavelength (nm) |
Absorbance |
Temperature (°C) |
1 |
blank |
0.00 |
0.00 |
25 |
2 |
0.500 |
231 |
0.0496 |
25 |
3 |
1.000 |
231 |
0.0948 |
25 |
4 |
1.500 |
231 |
0.1291 |
25 |
5 |
2.000 |
231 |
0.1660 |
25 |
6 |
2.500 |
231 |
0.2091 |
25 |
7 |
3.000 |
231 |
0.2450 |
25 |
8 |
3.500 |
231 |
0.2907 |
25 |
9 |
4.000 |
231 |
0.3405 |
25 |
10 |
4.500 |
231 |
0.3902 |
25 |
11 |
5.00 |
231 |
0.4315 |
25 |
The absorbance and concentrations were recorded at 231 nm.
Table: Concentration after analytical Determination
Sr. No |
Concentrations (mg/L) |
Analytical Concentrations (0 hour) |
Analytical Concentrations (48 hour) |
1 |
blank |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2 |
5 |
4.887 |
4.032 |
OBSERVATIONS
IMMOBILIZATION AND INHIBITION
Sr. no. |
Test concentrations(mg/L) |
0 Hour |
24 Hour |
48 Hour |
Cumulative Immobilization |
Percent Inhibition |
1 |
Control |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
2 |
0.987 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
3 |
1.481 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
4 |
2.222 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5 |
3.333 |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
10 |
6 |
5 |
- |
2 |
- |
2 |
20 |
|
|
No abnormality observed |
Immobility observed and slow mobility as compared to control |
No immobility observed |
|
|
pH, DO AND TEMPERATURE
Test Concentration(mg/L)
|
pH |
Dissolved oxygen |
Temperature °C |
||||||
0 Hour |
24 Hour |
48 Hour |
0 Hour |
24 Hour |
48 Hour |
0 Hour |
24 Hour |
48 Hour |
|
Control |
7.5 |
7.5 |
7.6 |
7.5 |
7.1 |
6.4 |
20.7 |
25.2 |
20.4 |
0.987 |
7.3 |
7.4 |
7.7 |
7.2 |
7.0 |
5.8 |
20.7 |
25.1 |
20.1 |
1.481 |
7.3 |
7.5 |
7.7 |
7.2 |
6.6 |
5.5 |
20.7 |
25.1 |
20.4 |
2.222 |
7.4 |
7.4 |
7.8 |
7.2 |
6.9 |
5.1 |
20.5 |
25.0 |
20.2 |
3.333 |
7.4 |
7.5 |
7.8 |
7.1 |
7.0 |
5.0 |
20.4 |
25.0 |
20.3 |
5 |
7.3 |
7.6 |
7.9 |
7.1 |
6.8 |
4.8 |
20.2 |
25.0 |
20.4 |
Description of key information
An acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on Daphnia magna (Experimental study report, 2019). The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 202“Daphnia sp.,Acute Immobilization Test”. The test solution was prepared by dissolving 200mg of test chemical in 200ml of M7 medium to get the final concentration of 1000 mg/L. Stock solution was verified analytically by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The final solubility value obtained after analytical detection was 62.423 mg/L. Further, exposure concentrations of 0, 0.987, 1.481, 2.222, 3.333 and 5 mg/l, respectively was from the stock solution. Study was performed using 10 daphnids in a static system. Total 10 Daphnids/conc. were exposed to test chemical in 25 ml beakers in a volume of 20 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 18 -22°C, hardness of water > 140 mg of CaCO3 and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions with light intensity 1000 – 1500 Lux, respectively. One control vessel was also run simultaneously during the study. The animals in control and test chemical concentrations were exposed for a period of 48 hour. Potassium dichromate was used as a reference substance for the study. The 24 hr EC50 value of reference substance was determined to be 0.831 mg/l. No Immobility were found in the control test animals and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test in the control and test vessel was ≥ 3 mg/l, thus validity criterion of the study has been fulfilled. As the concentration of the test chemical being tested has been satisfactorily maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal concentration throughout the test. Therefore, the analysis of the results was based on nominal concentration. On the basis of effect of test chemical on mobility of the test organism, the median effect concentration (EC50 (48 h)) value was determined to be > 5 mg/L. Since the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per CLP classification criteria.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 5 mg/L
Additional information
Various experimental studies of the test chemical and supporting weight of evidence study for its structurally and functionally similar read across chemical were reviewed for short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate end point which are summarized as below:
In an experimental study from study report (2019),an acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on Daphnia magna. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 202“Daphnia sp.,Acute Immobilization Test”. The test solution was prepared by dissolving 200mg of test chemical in 200ml of M7 medium to get the final concentration of 1000 mg/L. Stock solution was verified analytically by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The final solubility value obtained after analytical detection was 62.423 mg/L. Further, exposure concentrations of 0, 0.987, 1.481, 2.222, 3.333 and 5 mg/l, respectively was from the stock solution. Study was performed using 20 daphnids in a static system. Total 20 Daphnids/conc. were exposed to test chemical in 25 ml beakers in a volume of 20 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 18 -22°C, hardness of water > 140 mg of CaCO3 and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions with light intensity 1000 – 1500 Lux, respectively. One control vessel was also run simultaneously during the study. The animals in control and test chemical concentrations were exposed for a period of 48 hour. Potassium dichromate was used as a reference substance for the study. The 24 hr EC50 value of reference substance was determined to be 0.831 mg/l. No Immobility were found in the control test animals and the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test in the control and test vessel was ≥ 3 mg/l, thus validity criterion of the study has been fulfilled. As the concentration of the test chemical being tested has been satisfactorily maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal concentration throughout the test. Therefore, the analysis of the results was based on nominal concentration. On the basis of effect of test chemical on mobility of the test organism, the median effect concentration (EC50 (48 h)) value was determined to be > 5 mg/L. Since the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per CLP classification criteria.
Another acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on Daphnia magna (A.M. Api, et.al, 2016). The test was performed in accordance to EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia), Directive 92/69/EEC in a static system. On the basis of the effect of test chemical on mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna, the 48hr median effect concentration (EC50) value was determined to be 5.7 mg/l. Since the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per CLP classification criteria.
In a supporting weight of evidence study, short term toxicity study was conducted to assess the effect of test chemical on the immobilisation of test organism daphnia magna (authoritative database, 2018 and secondary source, 2018). Test was performed in accordance with OECD guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test). Analytically monitoring of the test sample was carried out by using HPLC/UV detector. Test organism, juvenile daphnia (<24 hours old) produced from an in-house culture of adults were maintained at the contract laboratory under test conditions for 45 days. During the 48 hours prior to testing, the daphnid culture was maintained in 100% dilution water under static, renewal conditions for 48 hours. There was no mortality during the 48 hours prior to test and the test organisms appeared free of disease, injuries, or abnormalities. The daphnid culture produced young before day 12 and a subsample of adults produced on average, more than 3 young per day during the 7days prior to the beginning of the test. The test substance was provided via an intermittent flow proportional diluter. Test chemical concentrations used for the study were 0.78, 1.3, 2.2, 3.6, and 6.0 mg/L (nominal concentrations) and 0.621, 1.14, 1.82, 2.99, and 5.32 (mean measured concentration), respectively. 10 daphnia per vessel added and tests were conductedl in duplicates. After the exposure of test chemical for 48 hrs, toxicity were measured on the basis of immobility and mortality rate of daphnia magna. Based on these effects, the 48 hr NOEC, EC50 and LC50 value was determine to be 1.14 mg/l, 2.65 mg/l and 3.11 mg/l, respectively. The measured concentrations after 24 and 48 hours were 80-89% (which is within the range of ± 20%) of the nominal concentrations, with the concentration being held steady throughout the test period. Therefore, the analysis of the results was based on nominal concentration. On the basis of result, test chemical was considered as toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Since the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per CLP classification criteria.
For the test chemical from secondary source (2004), short term toxicty to aquatic invertebrates test was carried out following the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test). Daphnia magna (Water flea) of 2 -24 hr old was used as a test organism. Age of the stock animals was 2 -4 weeks old. Test organism was not fed during the study. Nominal test chemical concentration used for the study were 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/l, respectively. The dilution factor was 2. Test chemical concentrations were verified analytically by HPLC. Study was performed using daphnids in a static system. Total 20 Daphnids/conc. were exposed to test chemical in 20 ml test vessel in a volume of 10 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 18 -22°C, pH 7.5 to 8.5, DO of 8.8 to 9.1 mg/l, hardness of water 2.20 - 3.20 mM/l and under a photoperiod of 16:8 hr light: dark conditions with light intensity 550 – 650 µS/cm, respectively. One control vessel was also run simultaneously during the study. After a period of 0, 24 and 48 hrs, number of mobile daphnids were measured. The EC50 (48 h) was calculated using the Probit analyses. On the basis of the effect of test chemical on mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna, the 48hr median effect concentration (EC50) value was determined to be 3.7 mg/l (initial measured conc.). Since the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per CLP classification criteria.
On the basis of the overall results, it can be concluded that the test chemicalwas considered as toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental concentrations and hence, considered to be'not classified' as per CLP classification criteria.
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