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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 947-351-4 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 0.005 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 8.7 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 30.5 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 3.05 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 6.02 mg/kg soil dw
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no potential for bioaccumulation
Additional information
ADS 2-5 is not dangerous for air and soil.
Reliable acute ecotoxicity test results are available for fish, invertebrates and algae. The 96-h LC50 in Brachydanio rerio is 99 mg/L from a GLP compliant OECD guideline study (Solvay, 2008a). An OECD guideline study is available for short-term toxicity in invertebrates, the 48-h EC50 in Daphnia magna is 156 mg/L (IWL, 1998). The 72-h ErC50 is 8.8 mg/L in the freshwater algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (tested as Selenastrum capricornutum), the 72-h NOEC for growth rate is 1.0 mg/L from a GLP compliant OECD guideline study (Solvay, 2008b).
Long-term ecotoxicity tests with fish and invertebrates are not available.
A GLP compliant respiration inhibition test (OECD 209) is available, the 3-h EC50 is >160 mg/L in activated sludge in a (Solvay, 2008c).
Studies with sediment and terrestrial organisms for cryolite are not available. Due to the dissolution of cryolite in water, it is expected, that risk assessment of water compartment covers the realistic worst case situation also for sediment.
For cryolite exposure via soil (uptake from soil matrix), no data are available. However, it should be noted, that due to the dissolution behaviour, it can be expected, that when cryolite is mixed to soil matrix and gets in contact with pore water, it is dissolved to different aluminum and fluoride species and no exposure to dissolved cryolite itself occurs in soil.
Based on the information of U.S. EPA (1996), cryolite is applied in dust and in suspended form where much of cryolite can expected to remain in particulate form. Ingestion of cryolite is expected to be the relevant route of exposure. The substance is considered to act predominantly as stomach poison while it releases fluoride ions (U.S. EPA, 1996). Fluoride ions in turn form complexes with metal containing enzymes in stomach (Corbett et al., 1974). The available two studies on the target organisms beet armyworm (Spondoptera exigua; Yee and Toscano, 1998) and tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura; Prasad et al., 2000) provide evidence on that ingestion as route of exposure and particulate form as form ofexposure in combination cause increased response to increased dose.
Two other studies with honeybee (Apis mellifera; Atkins and Kellum, 1986) and blueberry flea beetle larvae (Altica Sylvia;Forsythe and Collins, 1994) could be used in a tentative manner for PNEC derivation related to exposure similar to insecticidal application. The honeybee brood LD50 of 224.5 g cryolite/m2 is related to the application rate as well as the results with the blueberry flea beetle larvae (LD50 ≤1.67 g cryolite/m2). Target species blueberry flea beetle (short term field test) seemed to be more sensitive than honeybee brood. Despite of the uncertainty regarding to whether a proper dose-response resulted in the test with blueberry flea beetle larvae, the lower application rate of 1.67 g/m2 from this study is considered as the critical acute effect value.
Furthermore, the lowest NOEC-value at 7 months exposure to HF of highly sensitive plants species of 0.2 µg/m3 will be taken into consideration for the assessment of the atmospheric compartment.
Data are not available to assess the toxicity of cryolite to birds. However, there is a large mammalian dataset available. Furthermore, due to the dissolution of cryolite, it is expected, that no secondary poisoning occurs but exposure caused by cryolite is covered by the PNECoral for fluoride.
Conclusion on classification
Reliable acute ecotoxicity test results are available for fish (96-h LC50 is 99 mg/L), Daphnia magna (48-h EC50 is 156 mg/L) and algae. The lowest acute aquatic toxicity value is a 72-h ErC50 of 8.8 mg/L for the freshwater algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (tested as: Selenastrum capricornutum). In the same species, the 72-h NOErC is 1.0 mg/L. Long-term tests with fish and aquatic invertebrates are not available. As inorganic compound, cryolite is not biodegraded but abiotic dissociation and subsequent interactions occur instead. At present, cryolite is included in Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC with a classification N; R51-53 for the environment (Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment). According to the EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, cryolite is classified as Aquatic Chronic Cat.2; H411 (Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects).
The PBT and vPvB criteria of Annex XIII to the REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 do not apply to inorganic substances. Therefore a PBT/vPvB assessment was not performed.
Trisodium hexafluoroaluminate is toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. But in the composition ADS 2-5 Trisodium hexafluoroaluminate is present in a proportion below 10%. Therefore ADS 2-5 may be harmful to aquatic life. Under normal conditions of production, storage, transport and use ADS 2-5 does not affect the environment. Requires only a warning to avoid dispersion in water.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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