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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 234-717-7 | CAS number: 12027-06-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.07 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 0.07 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
As per ECHA Guidance R.8 Appendix R.8-2.: Corrected inhalatory NOAEC = oral NOAEL x ABSoral-human/ABSinh-human x average human bw /wRV = 0.01 x 100/100 x 70/10 = 0.07 mg/m3 Available data indicate that iodide is well absorbed orally therefore it is assumed that human oral absorption = 100% and that as a worst case human inhalation absorption = 100% as per ECHA Guidance R.8.4.2.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default value for NOAEL as per ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Chronic human studies were used to determine the oral NOAEL, which is equal to the WHO TDI. ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1 states that, if an adequate chronic toxicity study is available, this is the preferred starting point and no assessment factor for duration extrapolation is needed.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- A low AF is justified as studies used to determine oral NOAEL included sensitive subpopulations i.e. elderly and children. ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15, Section 7.A.1.3 states that there can be cases where the sample (i.e. the population) in a good quality human study is so heterogeneous and well characterised for different 'aspects' of intraspecies variation that the use of a lower than standard AF i.e. 1-2, is justified.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL is based on WHO TDI, which was determined using high quality human studies as assessed using the criteria in ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
As per ECHA Guidance R.8 Appendix R.8-2.: Corrected dermal NOAEL = oral NOAEL x ABSoral-human/ABSderm-human = 0.01 x 100/1 = 1 mg/kg bw/day. Assuming human oral absorption = 100% (worst case). Dermal absorption of iodide is considered to be negligible (Louk A. R. M. Pechtold et al., 2001) therefore human dermal absorption of 1% is assumed.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default value for NOAEL as per ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Chronic human studies were used to determine the oral NOAEL, which is equal to the WHO TDI. ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1 states that, if an adequate chronic toxicity study is available, this is the preferred starting point and no assessment factor for duration extrapolation is needed.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- A low AF is justified as studies used to determine oral NOAEL included sensitive subpopulations i.e. elderly and children. ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15, Section 7.A.1.3 states that there can be cases where the sample (i.e. the population) in a good quality human study is so heterogeneous and well characterised for different 'aspects' of intraspecies variation that the use of a lower than standard AF i.e. 1-2, is justified.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL is based on WHO TDI, which was determined using high quality human studies as assessed using the criteria in ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.035 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 0.035 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
As per ECHA Guidance R.8 Appendix R.8-2.: Corrected inhalatory NOAEC = oral NOAEL x ABSoral-human/ABSinh-human x average human bw /gpRV = 0.01 x 100/100 x 70/20 = 0.035 mg/m3 Available data indicate that iodide is well absorbed orally therefore it is assumed that human oral absorption = 100% and that as a worst case human inhalation absorption = 100% as per ECHA Guidance R.8.4.2.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default value for NOAEL as per ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Chronic human studies were used to determine the oral NOAEL, which is equal to the WHO TDI. ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1 states that, if an adequate chronic toxicity study is available, this is the preferred starting point and no assessment factor for duration extrapolation is needed.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- A low AF is justified as studies used to determine oral NOAEL included sensitive subpopulations i.e. elderly and children. ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15, Section 7.A.1.3 states that there can be cases where the sample (i.e. the population) in a good quality human study is so heterogeneous and well characterised for different 'aspects' of intraspecies variation that the use of a lower than standard AF i.e. 1-2, is justified.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL is based on WHO TDI, which was determined using high quality human studies as assessed using the criteria in ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 1 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
As per ECHA Guidance R.8 Appendix R.8-2.: Corrected dermal NOAEL = oral NOAEL x ABSoral-human/ABSderm-human = 0.01 x 100/1 = 1 mg/kg bw/day. Assuming human oral absorption = 100% (worst case). Dermal absorption of iodide is considered to be negligible (Louk A. R. M. Pechtold et al., 2001) therefore human dermal absorption of 1% is assumed.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- Default value for NOAEL as per ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 1
- Justification:
- Chronic human studies were used to determine the oral NOAEL, which is equal to the WHO TDI. ECHA Guidance R.8.4.3.1 states that, if an adequate chronic toxicity study is available, this is the preferred starting point and no assessment factor for duration extrapolation is needed.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL was determined from human studies. ECHA Guidance R.8.1.2.8 states that no inter-species AF is needed when human data are used for derivation of DNEL.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 1
- Justification:
- A low AF is justified as studies used to determine oral NOAEL included sensitive subpopulations i.e. elderly and children. ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15, Section 7.A.1.3 states that there can be cases where the sample (i.e. the population) in a good quality human study is so heterogeneous and well characterised for different 'aspects' of intraspecies variation that the use of a lower than standard AF i.e. 1-2, is justified.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- Oral NOAEL is based on WHO TDI, which was determined using high quality human studies as assessed using the criteria in ECHA Guidance Appendix R. 8-15
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- There are no remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.01 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.01 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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