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EC number: 232-489-3 | CAS number: 8052-41-3 A colorless, refined petroleum distillate that is free from rancid or objectionable odors and that boils in a range of approximately 148.8°C to 204.4°C (300°F to 400°F).
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity: oral, other
- Remarks:
- Oral gavage application of different doses to rats 7 days/week, 28 days
- Type of information:
- other: published data
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 984
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Oral gavage application of different doses to rats 7 days/week, 28 days; Determination of Body weights, clinical pathology and organ weights
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Kerosine (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized
- EC Number:
- 265-184-9
- EC Name:
- Kerosine (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized
- Cas Number:
- 64742-81-0
- IUPAC Name:
- Kerosine (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Hydrocarbons, C11-C14, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%)
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Crj: CD(SD)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Strain: Crj: CD (SD) rats
- Source: Charles River Breeding Laboratories (Portage, MI)
- Age at study initiation: 8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation (mean): males: 177-217 g; females: 134-149 g
- Housing: 5 per cage
- Diet ad libitum
- Water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 19 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18.3-25 (65-77 °F)
- Humidity (%): 35-60
- Air changes (per hr): 10-15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- corn oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- Groups of 5 rats of each sex were given doses of 0.14 (116 mg/kg), 0.42 (347 mg/kg), or 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg of test substance in corn oil for 28 days. Animals were examined for clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and food conversion. After sacrifice clinical chemistry, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, histopathology, and gross pathology were examined.
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 28 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- Once per day,7 days/week, 28 days
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 116 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 347 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 056 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Number of animals: 5 animals sex / dose group
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- - Post-exposure period: None; animals euthanized at end of 28-day treatment period
- Positive control:
- Sham-treated (corn oil) negative control.
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- Animals were examined for clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and food conversion.
After sacrifice clinical chemistry, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, histopathology, and gross pathology were examined. - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes, all animals
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes, histopathological examination performed - Other examinations:
- no data
- Statistics:
- According to Kaplan and Meier, method of Cox (1972) and Tarone's (1975) life table test
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not examined
- Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not examined
- Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Neuropathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Other effects:
- not examined
- Details on results:
- NOAEL = 1056 mg/kg
Hydrocarbons, C11-C14, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics (2-25%) (CAS # 64742-81-0) using male and female Crj: CD (SD) rats. Groups of 5 rats of each sex were given doses of 0.14 (116 mg/kg), 0.42 (347 mg/kg), or 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg of test substance in corn oil for 30 days. Animals were examined for clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and food conversion. After sacrifice clinical chemistry, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, histopathology, and gross pathology were examined. There was no mortality during the experiment. Renal damage was observed in male rats at all dose levels. This type of renal pathology is specific to male rats due to an alpha2u-globulin-mediated process that is not relevant to humans. Female rats exhibited adaptive liver changes at the highest dosage and was not considered an adverse effect. The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage, which is not relevant to human health. The female NOAEL was 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg.
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 056 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- body weight and weight gain
- clinical signs
- Remarks on result:
- other: based on renal damage
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Groups of 5 rats of each sex were given doses of 0.14 (116 mg/kg), 0.42 (347 mg/kg), or 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg of test substance in corn oil for 28 days. Animals were examined for clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and food conversion. After sacrifice clinical chemistry, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, histopathology, and gross pathology were examined. There was no mortality during the experiment. Renal damage was observed in male rats at all dose levels. This type of renal pathology is specific to male rats due to an alpha2u-globulin-mediated process that is not relevant to humans. Female rats exhibited adaptive liver changes at the highest dosage. There were no pathological findings of the liver and was therefore not considered an adverse effect. The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage, which is not relevant to human health. The female NOAEL was 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage, which is not relevant to human health. The female NOAEL was 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg.
Based on based on renal damage at 1056 mg/kg bw the NOAEL was considered to be 1056 mg/kg bw/day - Executive summary:
Groups of 5 rats of each sex were given doses of 0.14 (116 mg/kg), 0.42 (347 mg/kg), or 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg of test substance in corn oil for 28 days. Animals were examined for clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and food conversion. After sacrifice clinical chemistry, hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, histopathology, and gross pathology were examined. There was no mortality during the experiment. Renal damage was observed in male rats at all dose levels. This type of renal pathology is specific to male rats due to an alpha2u-globulin-mediated process that is not relevant to humans. Female rats exhibited adaptive liver changes at the highest dosage. There were no pathological findings of the liver and was therefore not considered an adverse effect. The LOAEL for male rats was 0.14 ml/kg/day based on renal damage, which is not relevant to human health. The female NOAEL was 1.28 (1056 mg/kg) mL/kg.
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