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EC number: 232-094-6 | CAS number: 7786-30-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1997
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- Well documented study which meets basic scientific principles
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1991. Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents to freshwater and marine organisms, 4th ed. EPA/600/4-90/027. Cincinnati, OH.
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Followed the general guidance of the USEPA (1991) for conducting acute whole effluent toxicity tests. The study was conducted in order to develop research to develop more comprehensive tools for assessing major ion toxicity. Acute toxicity tests were performed using three freshwater organisms (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna and Pimphales promelas) on solutions enriched with different compounds, and in particular Magnesium Chloride.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Test solutions were prepared by dissolving individual ion salts in moderately hard reconstituted water (MHRW). Stock solutions were prepared by dissolving the stock solution mg/L in MHRW.
- Test organisms (species):
- Pimephales promelas
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Fathead minnow
- Source: obtained from in-house cultures (ENSR, Fort Collins, CO, USA)
- Age at study initiation : 1 to 7 days old
- Feeding during test: Larva were fed brine shrimp nauplii twice daily until they were used in testing - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 85 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- 7.5-9.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Measured DO concnetrations were always in the acceptable range (> 40% saturation)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- All ion concentrations measured in the stock solutions were compared to nominal values. If the measured concentrations differed from the nominal value by more than 20%, the actual measured concentrations were considered instead of nominal concentrations.
measured: 55.8, 99.5, 187.1, 362.1, 712.2 and 1412.3 mg Mg/L
measured: 91.8, 171.6, 331.1, 650.3, 1288.5 and 2565.0 mg Mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 30-mL plastic beakers containing 10 mL of test solution
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5 - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 541 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2 119.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Well documented study which meets basic scientific principles
- Conclusions:
- The 96h LC50 of magnesium chloride to fathead minnows was 541 mg of Mg/L (i.e 2119.3 mg of MgCl2/L).
- Executive summary:
The aquatic toxicity of Magnesium Chloride was tested in a Fish acute toxicity test. The exposure duration was 96 hours, test animals were Pimephales promelas. These biotests were performed following the standard protocols developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA. 1991).
The fishes were exposed to one single concentration of the test item in a Moderately hard reconstituted water during 96h.
After 24, 48, 96 hours of exposure, the mortality of the exposed fishes was recorded.
The 96h LC50 to Pimephales promelas was 541 mg of Mg/L (i.e 2119.3 mg of MgCl2/L).
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- disregarded due to major methodological deficiencies
- Study period:
- 1957
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Insufficient experimental details, no enough available information to consider it reliable
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Data were collected on the toxicity of 86 pure chemicals (including MagnesiumChloride) to the mosquito fish Gambusia affinis.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Gambusia affinis
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Mosquito fish
- Source: Collected from Stillwater Creek in Payne County Okla where they encountered turbidity in their normal habitat - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- 21 - 25°C
- pH:
- 7.5 - 7.7
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: no data
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Cylindrical pyrex jars 12 in high and 12 in diameter. Each jar contained 15 L water at the beginning of the test and the water was not replaced.
- Aeration: Artificial aeration from a compressor served to maintain oxygen, to mix the chemicals into the water and to disperse the turbidity-producing soil as long as possible in the mixture
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10 (including a control aquaria)
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Farm pond water
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Checks were made of survivors at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h intervals. - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4 212 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 16 500 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 96 h LC50 of Magnesium Chloride to Gambusia affinis was 4212 mg/L (or 16500 mg of MgCl2/L).
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Two reliable studies are available for the acute toxicity of Magnesium Chloride for freshwater and seawater fishes:
For the freswater, the 96h LC50 of Magnesium Chloride to Pimephales promelas was 2119.5 mg of MgCl2/L (i.e. 541 mg of Mg/L), Mount et al. (1997).
For the seawater, the lowest LC50 obtained for Menidia beryllina was 10968 mg MgCl2/L (i.e. 2800 mg of Mg/L), Pillard et al. (2000)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 2 119.5 mg/L
Marine water fish
Marine water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 10 968 mg/L
Additional information
Relevant information is available on the acute toxicity of Magnesium Chloride to fish.
In total, 2 studies were judged reliable with restriction (Klimisch 2) :
- Mount et al. (1997) investigated the acute toxicity of Magnesium Chloride to freshwater fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). The 96h LC50 for Magnesium Chloride was 2119.5 mg/L (i.e 541 mg of Mg/L). This study was performed following the standard protocols developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 1991), and thus were judged as reliable with restrictions (No guideline study, but well documented and scientifically acceptable).
- Pillard et al. (2000) investigated the acute toxicity of Magnesium Chloride to saltwater silverside minnows (Menidia beryllina). The 48h LC50 for Magnesium Chloride was 10968 mg of MgCl2/L (i.e 2800 mg of Mg/L). This study was performed following the standard protocols developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 1991), and thus were judged as reliable with restrictions (water characteristics measured but not reported)
One study was unreliable (Klimisch 3)
Wallen et al.(1957) investigated the acute toxicity of Magnesium Chloride Gambusia affinis. The 96h LC50 for Magnesium Chloride was 16 500 mg of MgCl2/L (i.e 4212 mg of Mg/L). This study was not performed following the standard protocols (e.g. tests were performed using waters collected in a highly turbidity farm pond), and thus were judged not reliable (Relevant methodological deficiencies).
=> All reliable LC50 values were higher than 100 mg mg/L, with the lowest LC50 value for Pimephales promelas of 2119.5 mg of MgCl2/L (Mount et al., 1997).
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