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EC number: 266-113-4 | CAS number: 66071-94-1 Substance obtained by the partial removal of water from the liquid resulting from steeping corn in a water and sulphur dioxide solution which is allowed to ferment by the action of naturally occurring lactic acid-producing microorganisms.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
In accordance with section 1 of Annex IX, the growth inhibition study aquatic plants (section 9.1.2.) does not need to be conducted as corn steep liquor (CSL) consists of all-natural, water soluble components (crude proteins, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, reducing sugars, organic acids, enzymes and other elemental nutrients), that have been extracted by soaking corn in water, along with a very small amount of sulfurous acid (<0.01%). CSL has a long history of safe use as an added source of nutrition in animal feed, in fermentation processes, and in antibiotic production. As well, CSL is readily biodegradable. On this basis, CSL is not expected to cause adverse toxic effects to the environment.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Corn steep liquor (CSL) consists of all-natural, water soluble components (crude proteins, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, reducing sugars, organic acids, enzymes and other elemental nutrients), that have been extracted by soaking corn in water, along with a very small amount of sulfurous acid (<0.01%). CSL has a long history of safe use as an added source of nutrition in animal feed, in fermentation processes, and in antibiotic production. As well, CSL is readily biodegradable. On this basis, CSL is not expected to cause adverse toxic effects to the environment.
While no studies are available on CSL, one study addressing toxicity of lactic acid, a major component of CSL, to aquatic algae is presented in the dossier.
Toxicity to the aquatic algae Selenastrum capricornutum (new name: Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata) was assessed according to OECD guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test) under Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) in 1992 at Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research – TNO. The algae were exposed to lactic acid under static conditions for 70 hours. The 70–hour ErC50 was determined to be 3.5 mg/L.
It is unlikely that CSL (containing lactic acid) will reach water bodies in a concentrated form since manufacture of CSL is controlled and its primary use is as an additive in animal feed. This would result in only very dilute material potentially reaching water bodies. On this basis, no toxicity to aquatic plants is expected.
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