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EC number: 692-731-2 | CAS number: 76950-43-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 03 - 06 Mar 2014
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Water samples were taken from each test group at 0 and 72 hours for quantitative analysis.
- Sampling method: At the end of the exposure, equal amount of the test solution was taken out from all replicates in each test group and mixed. The mixture was centrifuged for 10 min at 3000 rpm and the supernatant was used for analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- - Method: 0.1 g of test substance (adapted to purity) was dissolved in test medium to prepare 1000 mg/L stock solution. Three test vessels (300 mL glass Erlenmeyer flask with air-permeable silicone rubber stopper) were prepared for each test concentration group. The stock solution and the test medium of the requirement were taken into the test vessel to prepare 100 mL of test solution. Six test vessels containing 100 mL of test medium were prepared in the control group. For measurement of environmental conditions (temperature and pH), one additional vessel was prepared in all test groups.
- Eluate: no
- Differential loading: yes
- Controls: yes, test medium control - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Unicellular green algae
- Strain: ATCC22662
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Summit Pharmaceuticals International Corporation, ATTC Division
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Preculture was carried out under the same conditions as in the test (period from 27 Feb - 3 Mar 2014) - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 23 ± 2 °C (22.2 - 23.4 °C)
- pH:
- start: 8.29 - 9.03
end: 7.78 - 8.19 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0, 9.5, 17, 31, 56 and 100 mg/L
Measured: not detected, 4.56, 17.2, 30.0, 48.1, 89.6 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 mL glass Erlenmeyer flask with air-permeable silicone rubber stoppers
- Fill volume: 100 mL/vessel
- Aeration: constantly shaken (100 rpm)
- Initial cells density: 5E+03 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 6.38E+03 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes (sterilized OECD medium)
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: according to OECD 201
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuous illumination
- Light intensity: mean light intensity during exposure 5366 – 6006 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Determination of cell concentrations: cell density of each flask was determined using a Coulter counter.
- Other: Cell abnormalities were recorded microscopically.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8
Range finding study:
- Test concentrations: nominal test concentrations of 10 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Inhibition values after 72 h were 1.93% and 46.0%, respectively. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 9.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 4.56 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 89.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Unusual cell shape: No abnormalities were observed in the control and test vessels. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50: ErC50 (0-72 h): 1.2 mg/L (95% CL: 0.76 – 1.8 mg/L)
- The standard substance potassium dichromate was tested in December 2013. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- - Regarding the growth rate, Bartlett's test was conducted to determine the absence of homogeneity of variance
- The NOEC value was determined by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Dunnett's nonparametric multiple comparison test - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
Reference
Within the exposure period, the biomass in the control increased by a factor of 128 times (validity criterion ≥ 16 times).
The mean coefficient of variation for growth rates in the control was 27% (validity criterion ≤ 35%).
The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates in replicate controls was 0.25% (validity criterion ≤ 7%).
Table 1: Inhibition of Growth Rate
Nominal concentration (Measured concentration) [mg/L] |
Growth Rate |
||
0-72 h |
% inhibition |
||
Control |
R1 |
1.6194 |
- |
R2 |
1.6173 |
||
R3 |
1.6107 |
||
R4 |
1.6182 |
||
R5 |
1.6131 |
||
R6 |
1.6216 |
||
Mean |
1.6167 |
||
9.5 (4.56) |
R1 |
1.6185 |
-0.111 |
R2 |
1.5791 |
2.33 |
|
R3 |
1.6141 |
0.161 |
|
Mean |
1.6039 |
0.793 |
|
17 (17.2) |
R1 |
1.5843 |
2.00 |
R2 |
1.5877 |
1.79 |
|
R3 |
1.5838 |
2.04 |
|
Mean |
1.5853 |
1.94* |
|
31 (30.0) |
R1 |
1.5517 |
4.02 |
R2 |
1.5471 |
4.31 |
|
R3 |
1.5427 |
4.58 |
|
Mean |
1.5472 |
4.30* |
|
56 (48.1) |
R1 |
1.3384 |
17.2 |
R2 |
1.3238 |
18.1 |
|
R3 |
1.3343 |
17.5 |
|
Mean |
1.3322 |
17.6* |
|
100 (89.6) |
R1 |
1.0789 |
33.3 |
R2 |
1.0589 |
34.5 |
|
R3 |
1.0425 |
35.5 |
|
Mean |
1.0601 |
34.4* |
R = Replicate
* = Significantly different compared to the control (α = 0.05)
Table 2: Summary of analytical results
Nominal concentration [mg/L] |
Analyzed concentration [mg/L] |
Percentage residue
|
||
0 h |
72 h |
Mean measured concentration |
||
9.5 |
10.4 |
< 2.0 |
4.56 |
< 19 |
17 |
20.1 |
14.8 |
17.2 |
74 |
31 |
33.0 |
27.3 |
30.0 |
83 |
56 |
51.7 |
44.7 |
48.1 |
86 |
100 |
94.1 |
85.4 |
89.6 |
91 |
Description of key information
EC50 (72 h): > 100 mg/L (nominal) / > 89.6 mg/L (measured) for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (OECD 201)
NOEC (72 h): 9.5 mg/L (nominal) / 4.56 mg/L (measured) for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (OECD 201)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
One experimental study investigating the effects of test substance to aquatic algae is available (Tosoh Corporation, 2014). The study was performed according to OECD 201 under GLP conditions with the freshwater algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. A test with five test concentrations of 9.5, 17, 31, 56 and 100 mg/L (nominal) was conducted under static test conditions. At the highest test concentration growth inhibition of 34.4% was observed, whereas at the test concentration of 9.5 mg/L no significant inhibition of growth was observed. Thus, an EC50 (72 h) > 100 mg/L (nominal), corresponding to > 89.6 mg/L (measured), and a NOEC (72 h) = 9.5 mg/L (nominal), corresponding to 4.56 mg/L (measured), based on both growth rate were derived.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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