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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 941-474-7 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study was conducted between 01 July 2014 and 07 July 2014.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study is considered to be a reliability 1 as it has been conducted according to OECD Test Guideline 439 using EPISKIN™ reconstructed human epidermis model and in compliance with GLP.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 014
- Report date:
- 2014
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reaction mass of (6E)-Dec-6-enal and (7E)-Dec-7-enal and (8E)-Dec-8-enal and (8Z)-Dec-8-enal
- Molecular formula:
- C10H18O
- IUPAC Name:
- Reaction mass of (6E)-Dec-6-enal and (7E)-Dec-7-enal and (8E)-Dec-8-enal and (8Z)-Dec-8-enal
- Test material form:
- other: Liquid
- Details on test material:
- Identification: IFF TM 11-212 (FRET 08-0334)
Physical state/Appearance: Clear colorless liquid
Storage Conditions: Approximately 4 °C in the dark
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- other: EPISKIN™ reconstructed human epidermis model
- Strain:
- other: Not applicable
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- other: Not applicable
- Preparation of test site:
- other: Not applicable
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: Not applicable
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 15 minutes
- Observation period:
- 42 hours post-exposure incubation period.
- Number of animals:
- Not applicable
- Details on study design:
- Pre-Test Procedure
Assessment of Direct Test Item Reduction of MTT
MTT Salt Metabolizm, Cell Viability Assay
The MTT assay, a colorimetric method of determining cell viability, is based on reduction of the yellow tetrazolium salt (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) to a blue formazan salt by mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in viable cells.
One limitation of the assay is possible interference of the test item with MTT. A test item may directly reduce MTT, thus mimicking dehydrogenase activity of the cellular mitochondria. This property of the test item is only a problem, if at the time of the MTT test (after rinsing) there are still sufficient amounts of the test item present on or in the tissues. In this case, the true metabolic MTT reduction and the false direct MTT reduction can be differentiated and quantified.
Test for Direct MTT Reduction
As specified, a test item may interfere with the MTT endpoint, if it is able to directly reduce MTT and at the same time is present on or in the tissues when the MTT viability test is performed. To identify this possible interference, the test item is checked for the ability to directly reduce MTT according to the following procedure:
10 µL of the test item was added to 2 mL of a 0.3 mg/mL MTT solution freshly prepared in assay medium. The solution was incubated in the dark at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in air for 3 hours. Untreated MTT solution was used as a control.
If the MTT solution containing the test item turns blue, the test item is presumed to have reduced the MTT and the determination of skin irritation potential would be performed in parallel on viable and water killed tissues for quantitative correction of the results.
The test item was shown to directly reduce MTT in the direct MTT reduction test. There was a possibility that if the test item could not be totally rinsed off the tissues, any residual test item present on or in the tissue may directly reduce MTT and could have given rise to a false negative result. Therefore, the determination of skin irritation potential was performed in parallel on viable and water killed tissues.
This step was a functional check which employs water-killed tissues that possess no metabolic activity but absorb and bind the test substance like viable tissues.
Water-killed tissues were prepared by placing untreated EPISKIN™ tissues in a 12 well plate containing 2.0 mL of sterile distilled water in each well. The tissues were incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in air for 48 ± 1 hours. At the end of the incubation the water was discarded. Once killed the tissues were stored in a freezer (-14 to -30 °C) for up to 6 months. Before use each tissue was thawed by placing in 2.0 mL of maintenance medium for approximately 1 hour at room temperature.
In addition to the normal test procedure, the MTT reducing test item was applied to three water killed tissues. In addition, three water killed tissues remained untreated. The untreated water killed control showed a small amount of MTT reduction due to residual reducing enzymes within the killed tissues.
Pre-incubation (Day 0: Tissue Arrival)
Before removal from the transport plate each tissue was inspected for any air bubbles between the agarose gel and the insert:
Tissues Satisfactory: Yes
Temperature Indicator Color Satisfactory: Yes
Agar Medium Color Satisfactory: Yes
2 mL of maintenance medium, warmed to approximately 37 °C, was pipetted into the first column of 3 wells of a pre labeled 12 well plate. Each epidermis unit was transferred into the maintenance medium filled wells (3 units per plate). A different 12-well plate was used for the test item and each control item. The tissues were incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in air overnight.
Main Test
Application of Test Item and Rinsing (Day 1)
2 mL of maintenance medium, warmed to approximately 37 °C, was pipetted into the second column of 3 wells of the 12 well plate.
Triplicate tissues were treated with the test item for an exposure period of 15 minutes. The test item was applied topically to the corresponding tissues ensuring uniform covering. 10 µL (26.3 µL /cm2) of the test item was applied to the epidermis surface. Triplicate tissues treated with 10 µL of DPBS served as the negative controls and triplicate tissues treated with 10 µL of SDS 5% w/v served as the positive controls. To ensure satisfactory contact with the positive control item the SDS solution was spread over the entire surface of the epidermis using a pipette tip (taking particular care to cover the centre). After 7 Minutes contact time the SDS solution was re-spread with a pipette tip to maintain the distribution of the SDS for the remainder of the contact period. The plate(s) were kept in the biological safety cabinet at room temperature for 15 minutes.
At the end of the exposure period, each tissue was removed from the well using forceps and rinsed using a wash bottle containing DPBS with Ca++ and Mg++. Rinsing was achieved by filling and emptying each tissue insert for approximately 40 seconds using a constant soft stream of DPBS to gently remove any residual test item. The rinsed tissues were transferred to the second column of 3 wells containing 2 mL of maintenance medium in each well. The rinsed tissues were incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in air for 42 hours.
MTT Loading/Formazan Extraction (Day 3)
Following the 42 Hour post-exposure incubation period each 12-well plate was placed onto a plate shaker for 15 minutes to homogenize the released mediators in the maintenance medium. 1.6 mL of the maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labeled micro tubes and stored in a freezer at -14 to -30 ºC for possible inflammatory mediator determination.
2 mL of a 0.3 mg/mL MTT solution, freshly prepared in assay medium, was pipetted into the third column of 3 wells of the 12-well plate(s). The tissues were transferred to the MTT filled wells, being careful to remove any excess maintenance medium from the bottom of the tissue insert by blotting on absorbent paper. The tissues were incubated for 3 hours at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in air. At the end of the 3 Hour incubation period each tissue was placed onto absorbent paper to dry. A total biopsy of the epidermis was made using the EPISKIN™ biopsy punch. The epidermis was carefully separated from the collagen matrix using forceps and both parts (epidermis and collagen matrix) placed into labeled 1.5 mL micro tubes containing 500 µL of acidified isopropanol, ensuring that both the epidermis and collagen matrix were fully immersed. Each tube was plugged to prevent evaporation and mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer. The tubes were refrigerated at 1 to 10 °C until Day 6 of the experiment, allowing the extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues.
Absorbance/Optical Density Measurements (Day 6)
At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer to produce a homogenous colored solution.
For each tissue, duplicate 200 µL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre labeled 96 well plate. 200 µL of acidified isopropanol alone was added to the two wells designated as ‘blanks’. The optical density was measured (quantitative viability analysis) at 562 nm (without a reference filter) using the Anthos 2001 microplate reader.
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- other: other: Mean
- Value:
- 32.4
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Basis: mean. Time point: 15 minutes exposure. Remarks: Classified as irritant. (migrated information)
In vivo
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Direct MTT Reduction
An assessment found the test item was able to directly reduce MTT. Therefore, an additional procedure using water-killed tissues was performed during the determination of skin irritation potential. However, the results obtained showed no degree of interference due to direct reduction of MTT occurred. It was therefore considered unnecessary to use the results of the water-killed tissues for quantitative correction of results or for reporting purposes.
Test Item, Positive Control Item and Negative Control Item
The relative mean viability of the test item treated tissues was 32.4% after a 15 Minute exposure period and 42 hours post exposure incubation period.
It was considered unnecessary to perform IL-1α analysis as the results of the MTT test were unequivocal.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Mean OD562Values and Percentage Viabilities for the Negative Control Item, Positive Control Item and Test Item
|
|
|
Item |
OD562of tissues |
Mean OD562of triplicate tissues |
±SDof OD562 |
Relative individual tissue viability (%) |
Relative mean viability (%) |
± SD of Relative mean viability (%) |
Negative Control Item |
0.887 |
1.004 |
0.101 |
88.4 |
100* |
10.0 |
1.063 |
105.9 |
|||||
1.061 |
105.7 |
|||||
Positive Control Item |
0.100 |
0.087 |
0.013 |
10.0 |
8.7 |
1.3 |
0.088 |
8.8 |
|||||
0.074 |
7.4 |
|||||
Test Item |
0.261 |
0.325 |
0.058 |
26.0 |
32.4 |
5.8 |
0.338 |
33.7 |
|||||
0.375 |
37.4 |
SD = Standard deviation
* = The mean viability of the negative control tissues is set at 100%
Quality Criteria
The relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues was 8.7% relative to the negative control treated tissues and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was 1.3%. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.
The mean OD562for the negative control treated tissues was 1.004 and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was 10.0%. The negative control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.
The standard deviation calculated from individual percentage tissue viabilities of the three identically treated test item tissues was 5.8%. The test item acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 2 (irritant)
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test item was classified as irritant. The following classification criteria apply:
EU DSD (67/548/EEC) Irritant requires symbol “Xi” risk phrase R38 “Irritating to Skin”.
EU CLP and UN GHS Hazard statement H315 “Causes Skin Irritation” Category 2. - Executive summary:
The skin irritation potential of the test substance, TM 11-212 (FRET 08-0334), was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 439 using EPISKIN™ reconstructed human epidermis model. The relative mean viability of the test item treated tissues was 32.4 % after a 15‑Minute exposure period and 42 hours post‑exposure incubation period and is therefore classified as a Category 2 skin irritant.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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