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EC number: 701-026-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2012-10-01 to 2013-02-22
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
- Report date:
- 2013
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- carbon
- EC Number:
- 701-026-1
- Cas Number:
- 7440-44-0
- Molecular formula:
- C up to (C80N5H16O)n
- IUPAC Name:
- carbon
- Test material form:
- solid: fibres
- Details on test material:
- - milled carbonised PAN based fibre (Sigrafil C30 M150 UNS)
- for further details on the test material, see section 1.4, endpoint "Non-graphitic carbon fibre (carbonised PAN based fibre, milled)", attached document "Analytics_milled_carbonised_PAN_based_fibre.pdf"
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Preparation and application of test solution (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: water accomodated fraction (WAF according to OECD 23)
- Eluate: not appplicable
- Differential loading: no
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): not applicable
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): not applicable
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): yes
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: not determined
- Source: German Federal Environment Agency
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): between 4 and 24 h
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): not determined
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): not determined
- Valve height at study initiation, for shell deposition study (mean and range, SD): not determined
- Peripheral shell growth removed prior to test initiation: no
- Method of breeding: continous lab breeding
- Feeding during test: no
- Food type: not applicable
- Amount: not applicable
- Frequency: not applicable
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 1 h prior to being added randomly to the test vessels
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Type and amount of food (stock): Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Feeding frequency (stock): daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): not reported
QUARANTINE (wild caught): not applicable
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- not reported
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- total hardness: 1.1 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.2 - 20.3 °C
- pH:
- 8.48 - 8.50
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.0 - 8.1 mg/L
- Conductivity:
- 238.1 µS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- water accomodated fraction (WAF) with a nominal loading of 100 mg test item/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass beaker, 50 mL
- Aeration: no
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): not applicable
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): not applicable
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): not applicable
- Biomass loading rate: not applicable
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: tap water
- Total organic carbon: not reported
- Particulate matter: not reported
- Metals: reported
- Pesticides: not reported
- Chlorine: not reported
- Alkalinity: 2 mmol/L
- Ca/Mg ratio: 0.8 mmol/L : 0.3 mmol/L
- Conductivity: 238.1 µS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: not reported
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: not reported
- Photoperiod: 16:8 h
- Light intensity: 536 lux at test start and 548 lux at test end
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): mobility
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not applicable (limit test)
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline:
- Range finding study: yes, applied nominal test item loadings: 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L
- Test concentrations: 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 100 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: no immobilisation effects observed
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LOEL
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: no immobilisation effects observed
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: NOEL
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: no immobilisation effects observed
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: no
- Observations on body length and weight: not reported
- Other biological observations: not reported
- Mortality of control: not reported
- Other adverse effects control: not reported
- Abnormal responses: not reported
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: yes - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not reported
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The EL50 for immobilisation of Daphnia magna by the test item (milled carbonised PAN based fibre) is > 100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
At the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, the effect of the test item (milled carbonised PAN based) on the acute immobilisation of Daphnia magna was investigated. The study was conducted in accordance with to the OECD guideline 202, the EU method C.2, and the OECD guidance document No. 23. Juveniles were exposed for 48 hours to the test item and the effects compared to a control group of dilution water only. The control and treatment group consisted of four replicate beakers each containing five daphnids.
The test item media was prepared from a filtered stock solution with a loading of 100 mg/L according to the instructions of the OECD guidance document No. 23 on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures. The limit concentration was 100 mg/L. No chemical analysis was performed.
No immobilisation effects were observed at 24 or 48 hours. The NOEL is ≥ 100 mg/L. The EL50 is > 100 mg/L.
The test fulfilled the OECD validity criteria.
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