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Guidance on Safe Use

Guidance on Safe Use

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Administrative data

First-aid measures

EYE CONTACT

In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. If symptoms of poisoning develop, treat as for inhalation. Get medical attention immediately.

SKIN CONTACT

Immediately wash exposed skin with soap and water. Get medical attention immediately. If symptoms of poisoning develop, treat as for inhalation. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Do not use protective clothing made of leather, natural or nitrile rubber. If such clothing is contaminated with acrylonitrile, it should be destroyed by burning. Note that contaminated clothing may be a fire hazard.

INHALATION

If inhaled, remove to fresh air. Do not use mouth to mouth ventilation. Resuscitate using a mouth-to-mask with one-way valve or with Ambu Bag. Warning: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Get medical attention immediately.Cyanide first aid treatment (containing amyl nitrite capsules) must be available at site. Authorized personnel, acting under standing instructions, may break a capsule of amyl nitrite in a handkerchief and hold it about one inch from the patient’s mouth and nostrils for 30 seconds every minute. If not breathing, if breathing is irregular or if respiratory arrest occurs, provide artificial respiration or oxygen by trained personnel.

NOTES TO PHYSICIAN

Upon absorption and metabolism Acrylonitrile immediately begins a slow release of cyanide, which can continue for several hours. The toxic effects and associated clinical signs of cyanide poisoning may therefore be delayed. Take a blood sample in all cases for blood cyanide using fluoride/oxalate tube and chill immediately and arrange urgent analysis. Blood cyanide levels will take some time to become available, and are generally only useful as a retrospective indicator of exposure. Treatment decisions must therefore be based on the clinical features of each individual case, without waiting for blood cyanide results. If the patient is conscious and breathing normally, administration of oxygen is the only treatment necessary. In a deteriorating clinical situation, with a patient’s conscious level decreasing, in addition to the need for cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, consideration should be given to the use of a specific cyanide antidote [dicobalt edetate (kelocyanor)]. THIS SPECIFIC ANTIDOTE IS DANGEROUS WHEN ADMINISTERED IN THE ABSENCE OF SERIOUS CYANIDE POISONING. One ampoule of dicobalt edetate (300mg) diluted in 20ml glucose solution is given by slow intravenous injection, being careful to avoid extravasation. Constant pulse and blood pressure monitoring is required, along with facilities for resuscitation, as sudden severe fall in blood pressure can occur during injection. Treatment may be repeated if there is an inadequate response to the initial injection.

Fire-fighting measures

In case of fire, use water spray (fog), foam, dry chemical or CO2. Do not use water jet. Cool containing vessels with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. May re-ignite itself after fire is extinguished. Apply water from a safe distance to cool container and protect surrounding area.

Accidental release measures

PERSONAL PRECAUTIONS

Evacuate surrounding areas. Immediately contact emergency personnel. Eliminate all ignition sources. Keep unnecessary personnel away. Use suitable protective equipment. Follow all fire-fighting procedures. Do not touch or walk through spilt material. Contain and absorb using earth, sand orother inert material. Dyke large spills and use a non-sparking or explosion-proof means to transfer material to an appropriate container for disposal.

ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTIONS AND CLEAN-UP

If emergency personnel are unavailable, contain spilt material. For small spills, add absorbent (soil may be used in the absence of other suitable materials) and use a non-sparking or explosion-proof means to transfer material to a sealable, appropriate container for disposal. For large spills, dyke spilt material or otherwise contain it to ensure runoff does not reach a waterway. Place spilt material in an appropriate container for disposal. Avoid contact of spilt material with soil and prevent runoff entering surface waterways.

PERSONAL PROTECTION

Butyl rubber is the protective material of choice. Protective clothing must be made from materials specifically recommended for protection against acrylonitrile penetration. Consult your local safety specialist for a list of recommended materials. Wear butyl rubber boots and full chemical protective suit if high vapour concentration or significant liquid splash potential exists. Wear full face respirator for eye protection if high vapour concentration or significant liquid splash potential exists. Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) should be used to avoid inhalation of the product.

Handling and storage

HANDLING.

Use suitable protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapours of this product. Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Cyanide first aid treatment (containing amyl nitrite capsules) must be available at site. Keep container closed. Use only with adequate ventilation. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. To avoid fire or explosion, dissipate static electricity during transfer by earthing and bonding containers and equipment before transferring material. Use explosion-proof electrical (ventilating, lighting and material handling) equipment. Wash thoroughly after handling.

STORAGE

Store in a segregated and approved area. Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials and ignition sources. Suitable storage materials are mild steel. stainless steel. Do not store in copper and its alloys. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Inhibit with: p-Methoxyphenol (MEHQ). To maintain inhibitor activity, oxygen must not be eliminated from the atmosphere above the product. If the explosion risk posed by storing under air is unacceptable, use oxygen depleted air (5% oxygen minimum). Check inhibitor level periodically.

Transport information

Land transport (UN RTDG/ADR/RID)

UN number:
UN1093
Shipping information
Proper shipping name and description:
Acrylonitrile, stabilized
Chemical name:
Acrylonitrile
Language:
English
Labels:
Flammable, Toxic
SpecialProvisionsopen allclose all

Inland waterway transport (UN RTDG/ADN(R))

UN number:
UN1093
Shippingopen allclose all
Labels:
Flammable, Toxic
Remarksopen allclose all

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

UN number:
UN 1093
Shipping information
Proper shipping name and description:
Acrylonitrile, stabilized
Chemical name:
Acrylonitrile
Labels:
Flammable Liquid and Toxic
Marine pollutant
Remarksopen allclose all

Air transport (UN RTDG/ICAO/IATA)

UN number:
UN1093
Shipping information
Proper shipping name and description:
Acrylonitrile, stabilized
Chemical name:
Acrylonitrile
Labels:
Flammable liquid, Toxic
Special provisions / remarks
Remarks:
Passenger aircraft; Forbidden

Cargo aircraft; 30L
SpecialProvisionsopen allclose all

Exposure controls / personal protection

Engineering Controls:  Handle only in totally enclosed systems.  Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the relevant airborne concentrations below their respective occupational exposure limits.  Use explosion-proof ventilation equipment.  Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to the workstation location.  

Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after handling this material and before eating, smoking, using lavatory and at the end of the day. Refer to INEOS Nitriles’ Safe Storage and Handling Guide for additional information.  Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to the workstation location.

Personal Protection

Eye Protection:  Do not get in eyes.  Wear chemical splash safety goggles.  Wear full face respirator for eye protection if exposures are likely to exceed the Short Term Exposure Limit or significant liquid splash potential exists. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to the workstation location. A respirator is not needed under normal and intended conditions of product use as defined under Engineering Controls.  

Skin and Body Protection:  Do not get on skin or clothing. Butyl rubber is the protective material of choice.  Protective clothing must be made from materials specifically recommended for protection against acrylonitrile penetration. Consult your local safety specialist for a list of recommended materials. Wear butyl rubber boots and full chemical protective suit if exposures are likely to exceed Short Term Exposure Limits or significant liquid splash potential exists. Do not use protective clothing made of leather, natural or nitrile rubber. If such clothing is contaminated with acrylonitrile, it should be double bagged and stored properly and treated as hazardous waste. Note that contaminated clothing may be a fire hazard. Wash thoroughly after handling. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to the workstation location.  

Hands: Wear gloves that cannot be penetrated by chemical or oil. Suggested protective materials: Butyl rubber gloves  0.5 mm – Breakthrough time >= 4 hours.

The correct choice of protective gloves depends upon the chemicals being handled, the conditions of work and use, and the condition of the gloves (even the best chemically resistant glove will break down after repeated chemical exposures). Most gloves provide only a short time of protection before they must be discarded and replaced. Because specific work environments and material handling practices vary, safety procedures should be developed for each intended application. Gloves should therefore be chosen in consultation with the supplier/manufacturer and with a full assessment of the working conditions.

Respiratory Protection: Use only with adequate ventilation.  

Ensure ventilation is adequate if there is a risk of aerosol formulation or vapor build-up. Wear special protective clothing and a full face respirator or a positive pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Do not breathe vapor or mist. Keep container closed.  

Environmental Exposure Controls:  Emissions from ventilation or work process equipment should be checked to ensure they comply with the requirements of environmental legislation.  In some cases, fume scrubbers, filters or engineering modifications to process equipment will be necessary to reduce emissions to acceptable levels.

Stability and reactivity

Stability and Reactivity:  Acrylonitrile must be inhibited to prevent hazardous polymerization. Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions (See Section 7: Handling and Storage). Subject to violent polymerization in absence of oxygen, exposure to light, heat, pressure or in the presence of strong acids, bases, peroxides or other initiators.  Color is normally water-white, a hazy or yellow color is a potential indicator of instability.

Conditions to Avoid:  Keep away from heat and direct sunlight.  Avoid all source of ignition (spark or flame).  

Product stabilized but may polymerize readily. Avoid depletion of inhibitor. Inhibit with p-Methoxyphenol (MEHQ). To maintain inhibitor activity, oxygen must not be eliminated from the atmosphere above the product. If the explosion risk posed by storing under air is unacceptable, use oxygen depleted air (5% oxygen minimum, no greater than 8%). Maintain inhibitor level at 35-45 ppm and water 0.2 to 0.5%.

Incompatibility:  Highly reactive with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids and alkalis. This product may polymerize with explosive violence. May polymerize on exposure to sunlight, absence of oxygen and contact with peroxides, alkalis, amines, strong acids, ammonia, bromine, copper and copper alloys.  

Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal decomposition products may include oxides of carbon (CO, CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Evolves toxic fumes when heated to the decomposition state.  When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Hazardous Polymerization: Yes. Product stabilized but may polymerize readily. Avoid depletion of inhibitor. Inhibit with p-Methoxyphenol (MEHQ). To maintain inhibitor activity, oxygen must not be eliminated from the atmosphere above the product. If the explosion risk posed by storing under air is unacceptable, use oxygen depleted air (5% oxygen minimum, no greater than 8%). Check inhibitor level periodically. Maintain inhibitor level at 35-45 ppm and water 0.2 to 0.5%. If hazardous polymerization is suspected refer to the INEOS Nitriles’ Safe Storage and Handling Guide.

Disposal considerations

Dispose of in accordance with all applicable local and national regulations. Avoid contact of spilled material and runoff with soil and surface waterways. Consult an environmental professional to determine if local, regional or national regulations would classify spilled or contaminated materials as hazardous waste. Use only approved transporters, recyclers, treatment, storage or disposal facilities.  Comply with all local, regional, and national laws pertaining to waste management.  Clean up and disposal contractors should be trained in acrylonitrile safe storage and handling practices.  

Consult your local or regional authorities.

Chemical additions, processing or otherwise altering this material may make waste management information presented in the MSDS incomplete, inaccurate or otherwise inappropriate.