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EC number: 233-971-6 | CAS number: 10476-85-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Acute toxicity, oral: LD50 > 2000 mg/kg bw
Acute toxicity, inhalation: LC50 > 3.4 mg/L +- 0.4 mg/L (calculated from strontium nitrate)
Acute toxicity, dermal: data waiving
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Acute inhalation toxicity – read across
Acute inhalation toxicity data or strontium chloride are not available. It was decided to read across from strontium nitrate (LC50 >= 4.5 mg/L +- 0.6 mg/L) to strontium chloride (calculated LC50 3.4 mg/L+- 0.4 mg/L) and to not C&L strontium chloride for the following reason:
(i) acute inhalation toxicity of strontium nitrate: This study was performed with a maximum attainable concentration of 4.5 mg/L +- 0.6 mg/L strontium nitrate. Because of the extremely coarse nature of the test material (d50>300 µm), the investigators chose to formulate the test item in water, and to administer it via inhalation as an aqueous aerosol. In the study, only one out of ten animals died within the observation period (after 2 hours after start of exposure). The investigators conclude that the LC50 of strontium nitrate under these exposure conditions can safely be assumed to be > 5 mg/L. Considering the extremely coarse particle size of solid, crystalline strontium nitrate, then the LC50of solid strontium nitrate can also be assumed to be well above 5 mg/L.
(ii) relative bioavailability of strontium substances: strontium chloride and strontium nitrate are highly soluble in water (ca. 538 g/L; pH ca. 7.0 and ca. 667 g/L; pH ca. 6, respectively). Thus, read-across from the nitrate to the chloride is fully justified, since the bioavailability of the chloride could be regarded as identical.
(iii) particle size considerations: whereas the “physical” particle size (d50 measured after dry dispersion by laser diffraction) indicates that strontium nitrate is much coarser than the commercial grade of strontium chloride, a more refined analysis involving cascade impactor particle size analysis of the airborne fraction in a rotating drum dustiness test with subsequent modelled deposition in the respiratory tract (see table below) demonstrates that under conditions of practical handling and use, both materials show a similar deposition pattern to expected after inhalation exposure, with roughly similar inhalation absorption rates (ranging from 8.9-9.1%).
deposition fractions |
absorption factors |
absorption factor |
||||||||||
Sample |
rel. Density |
D50 [µm] |
MMAD 1 [µm] |
GSD 1 |
MMAD 2 [µm] |
GSD 2 |
Head [%] |
TB [%] |
PU [%] |
Head/TB (=GI) [%] |
PU [%] |
|
SrCL2 |
3.1 at 20°C |
182.4 |
4.24 (10%) |
4.48 |
32.74 (90%) |
1.54 |
42.28 |
0.25 |
0.57 |
20.00 |
100.00 |
9.10 |
Sr(NO3)2 |
3.0 at 19°C |
314.5 |
30.30 |
1.54 |
na |
na |
44.46 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
20.00 |
100.00 |
8.91 |
In conclusion, based on particle size and relative bioavailability considerations, read across from strontium nitrate to strontium chloride is considered to be reasonable without restriction, and also to imply an inherent conservatism, so that the LC50 of strontium chloride may reasonably be assumed to be > 5 mg/L. According to the regulation (EC) 1272/2008 the threshold value for LC50 is > =5 mg/L. Hence, the test substance does not meet the criteria for classification and labelling according to GHS.
Justification for selection of acute toxicity – oral endpoint
Only one study available.
Justification for selection of acute toxicity – inhalation endpoint
Only one study available.
Justification for selection of acute toxicity – dermal endpoint
waiver
Justification for classification or non-classification
Acute oral toxicity
There is one reliable study for acute oral toxicity testing performed by Notox in 2010 according to the current valid EC guideline. The LD50 was determined to be > 2000 mg/kg bw. Hence, no classification and labelling is required for strontium chloride
Specific target organ toxicant (STOT) – single exposure: oral
The classification criteria according to regulation (EC) 1272/2008 as specific target organ toxicant (STOT) – single exposure, oral are not met since no reversible or irreversible adverse health effects were observed immediately or delayed after exposure and no effects were observed at the guidance value, oral for a Category 1 classification of 300 mg/kg bw and at the guidance value, oral for a Category 2 classification of 2000 mg/kg bw in addition to this effects which were responsible for the death of the animals. No classification required.
Acute dermal toxicity
Following the HERAG guidance for metals and metal salts (see section 7.1.2 of the technical dossier, dermal absorption), a dermal absorption rate in the range of maximally 0.1-1.0 % can be anticipated. Dermal absorption in this order of magnitude is not considered to be “significant”.
In conclusion, testing for acute toxicity of strontium chloride via the dermal route is not required according the criteria laid down in Annex VIII, point 8.5.
Thus, concerning dermal toxicity of strontium nitrate, following the criteria specified by Directive 67/548/EEC and subsequent regulations, the test item shall not be classified as acutely toxic via the dermal route. According to the EC Regulation No. 1272/2008 and subsequent regulations, the test item is not to be classified.
Acute inhalation toxicity
There is one study on acute toxicity, inhalation available. This study was performed with a limit concentration of 4.5 mg/L +- 0.6 mg/L strontium nitrate which related to a strontium chloride concentration of 3.4 mg/L +- 0.4 mg/L. One out of ten animals died within the observation period (after 2 hours after start of exposure). According to the regulation (EC) 1272/2008 the threshold value for LC50 is > =5 mg/L but due to the reason stated under “discussion” above, classification and labelling according to GHS is not required for strontium chloride
Specific target organ toxicant (STOT) – single exposure: inhalation
Laboured respiration was observed for two males between approximately 1.5 and 3.5 hours after start of exposure, including the male that was found dead.
Hunched posture, lethargy, rales, gasping, piloerection, chromodacryorrhoea and/or ptosis were observed among three males mainly between Days 1 and 6 after exposure. Rates were also observed during the second week of the observation period. No clinical signs were noted among the other animals. It can be concluded that these effect observed in two and three animals (out of ten), respectively are not sufficient for classification.
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