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EC number: 204-854-7 | CAS number: 127-65-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: short-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- GLP study according to protocol
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 207 (Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: CTB guideline section H.4.2
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- 50, 160, 504, 1606 and 5009 mg of the test substance were each accurately weighed out and dissolved in 1000 mL of "Ultrapur" water, resulting in solutions of 50, 161, 504, 1606 and 5009 m/L, respectively. From each of these solutions 100 mL was added to 675 g of artificial soil to reach concentrations of 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg of test substance per kg of dry soil.
- Test organisms (species):
- Eisenia fetida
- Details on test organisms:
- - Species/strain: Eisenia fetida
- Source: commercial hatchery Blades Biological, Cowden-Edenbridge, Kent, England.
- Culturing techniques: cultured in the laboratory under standard conditions in a horse-manure. garden soil mixture (1 : 1) at about 22- 23°C.
- Pre-treatment: Before use the worms were acclimated for ca. 24 h in the artificial soil. The amount of calcium carbonate was adjusted such that the final pH of the mixture was 6.0 ±0.5. The amount of water added was sufficient to yield a final carbonate content (based on dry constituents) of about 55% after addition of the test substance solutions. - Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 14 d
- Test temperature:
- 19.6 - 20.5 °C
- pH:
- 6.1 - 6.3
- Moisture:
- 53.2 - 54.9 %
- Details on test conditions:
- SOIL
- Source: Various suppliers;
Sphagnym peat: DEGA, Delft, The Netherlands;
Industrial sand: Van Loon, Vreeswijk, The Netherlands;
Kaolin clay: Vingerling bv, Haastrecht, The Netherlands
- Aeration: no
- ratio Sphagnum peat:kaolin clay: industrial sand: 1:2:7
- pH: 6.0 +/- 0.5 (adjusted using calcium carbonate)
The components were mixed with distilled water and calcium carbonate in a polyethylene bag. The amount of calcium carbonate was adjusted such that the final pH of the mixture was 6.0 ± 0.5. The amount of water added was sufficient to yield a final carbonate content (based on dry constituents) of about 55% after addition of the test substance solutions. pH 6.1 (start and end of the test), moisture 54.9% (start test) 53.2% (end test.)
sphagnum peat consist for 90% of organic matter which means that the artifical soil contained about 5.2% organic carbon.
TEST SYSTEM
- Dosing rate: single
- Exposure vessel type: glass containers of 1000 ml
- Number of replicates, individuals per replicate: 4 replicates, 10 organisms
- Light source: Continuous low intensity illumination
- Intensity of irradiation: 577 - 626 lux
- Amount of artificial soil (kg)/ container: 775 g
DURATION OF THE TEST: 14 days
ENDPOINTS ASSESSED: mortality, abnormalities, body weight - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 10-32-100-320-1000 mg/kg dw soil
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 320 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 503 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% C.L.: 416-608 mg/kg dw
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC100
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- - Effect data: at 1000 mg/kg a 100% mortality was observed. At 320 mg/kg no significant adverse effect was observed.
- Other effects: Adverse effects with respect to the condition of the test animals were observed at 320 mg/kg dry soil. At that concentration the worms were slower and smaller (visually assessed). The NOEC for condition is therefore 100 mg/kg dry soil.
Weight, was not significantly altered (decreased) at 320 mg/kg dry soil (p = 0.01 ; two-tailed Dunnett-test). The NOEC for weight is therefore 320 mg/kg dry soil. However, weight decrease was significantly different at this concentration. Therefore the NOEC value for weight decrease is given additionally. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- STATISTICS: The NOEC for weight was determined by multiple comparison analyses using two tailed Dunnett's test. A significance level of 1% was employed.
METHOD OF CALCULATION: LC50 was calculated according to the method as described by Kooijman (Kooijman S.A.L.M, Parametric analyses of mortality in bioassays, Water Res. 15, 107-119 (1981)). In addition the LC100 was determined. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A dose response related increase in mortality was observed in this study. A very steep increase was seen between 320 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil. Within the control groups there was no mortality and thus the test fulfilled the validity criterion of no more than 10% mortality in the control.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of Halamid to the worm Eisenia fetida was determined as described in the OECD Guideline no. 207, the guidelines of the Netherlands Pesticides Bureau and according to the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice.
Worms were exposed to the test substance, mixed with an artificial soil, at concentrations of 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil for a period of 14 days.
The test was carried out with four test containers (fourfold replicates for the control and all concentrations tested). The survival of the test animals was determined and the condition of the worms (appearance and behaviour) was visually assessed after 7 and 14 days of exposure. All worms were individually weighed at the start of the experiment; at the end of the test the weight of the surviving worms was determined for each replicate test container.
The conditions during the experiment were:
Temperature : 19.6 to 20.5 °C
Moisture content at start (based on dry constituents) : 54.9 %
Moisture content at end (based on dry constituents) : 53.2 %
pH at start (control) : 6.1
pH at start (highest test concentration) : 6.2
pH at end (control) : 6.1
pH at end (highest concentration with survival) : 6.3
The summarized results of the test were in mg/kg of dry soil (nominal concentrations; 95% conf. int. between brackets):
7 days LC50 : 527 (435 - 638)
14 days LC50 : 503 (416 -608)
14 days LC100 : 1000
14 days NOEC (survival) : 320
14 days NOEC (appearance and behaviour) : 100
14 days NOEC (weight) : 320
14 days NOEC (weight decrease) : 100
The concentrations quoted in this report refer to the test substance as supplied by the sponsor.
Reference
Mortality data
Conc. [mg/kg soil] |
Mortality |
|||
Number 7d 14d |
Percentage 7 d 14 d |
|||
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
1 |
1 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
100 |
1 |
1 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
320 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2.5 |
1000 |
40 |
40 |
100 |
100 |
Temperature [°C] |
19.7 |
20.5 |
|
|
pH |
6.2 (0 d) |
6.3 |
|
|
Moisture content |
54.9 (0 d) |
53.2 |
|
Description of key information
The acute toxicity of Halamid to the worm Eisenia fetida was determined as described in the OECD Guideline no. 207, the guidelines of the Netherlands Pesticides Bureau and according to the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. Worms were exposed to the test substance, mixed with an artificial soil, at concentrations of 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil for a period of 14 days. The test was carried out with four test containers (four fold replicates for the control and all concentrations tested). The survival of the test animals was determined and the condition of the worms (appearance and behaviour) was visually assessed after 7 and 14 days of exposure. All worms were individually weighed at the start of the experiment, at the end of the test the weight of the surviving worms was determined for each replicate test container.A dose response related increase in mortality was observed in this study. A very steep increase was seen between 320 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil. Within the control groups there was no mortality and thus the test fulfilled the validity criterion of no more than 10% mortality in the control. The 14 day NOEC for weight and survival were 100 and 320 mg/kg of dry soil, respectively. LC50 after 14 days was determined as 503 mg/kg of dry soil.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil macroorganisms:
- 100 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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