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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2021-08-24 until 2021-11-11 (experimental phase)
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- Version: 2008
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Version: 2004
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Sampling method: 1, 4 at 0 and 48 hours and 16 mg/L at 0 and 24 hours, control at 48 hours
Sample storage conditions before analysis: The samples were analysed immediately after sampling. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution was prepared to give the desired series of test concentrations. 100.4 mg of the test item were added to a 1 litre portion of dilution water, treated for 60 seconds at 8000 rpm with an ultra turrax and stirred for 24 h on a magnetic stirrer. Undissolved particles of the test item were removed by filtration using a folded filter with a pore size of 7 - 12 µm and an aseptic filter Sartobran sterile capsules (membrane material: cellulose acetate) with a pore size of 0.45 µm (pre-filter) + 0.2 µm (main filter).
The solution was dissolved and no particles were still visible (no Tyndall effect was observed). The pH was measured to be 7.9.
To produce the different test item concentrations appropriate amounts of the stock solution were diluted with dilution water to a volume of 500 mL. 50 mL of the prepared solutions were taken per replicate and 0.5 mL of dilution water containing 5 daphnids was given to all replicates resulting in the final nominal concentrations. For each test item exposure concentration and for the control exposure 4 replicates were prepared. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnia magna STRAUS, parthenogenetic females
Source: Strain of Bundesgesundheitsamt Berlin
Maintenance and Acclimatisation : A population of parthenogenetic females of synchronized age structure has been maintained for more than 20 years in the test facility under constant temperature conditions (20 +/- 2 °C) at a 16 : 8 hour light : dark photoperiod (light intensity: < 20 μE x m-2 x s-1). The culture water (so-called 'M4 medium') was partly renewed once a week. The Daphnia were exclusively fed unicellular green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus) 'ad libitum'. Mortalities of parent Daphnia during the culture period were recorded daily. The neonates were separated from their parent Daphnia by filtration prior to the acute test. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- The total hardness of the dilution water, measured at test start, was 13.8 °dH (= 246 mg/L CaCO3).
- Test temperature:
- 20.8 - 21.8 °C
- pH:
- 7.9 - 8.1
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.6 - 8.8 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/L (nominal)
corresponding to 0.681, 1.245, 2.453, 4.979 and 9.172 mg/L (initial measured values)
Comments: The test item concentrations 2 and 8 mg/L were based on the analytical mean of the nominal test item concentrations 1, 4 and 16 mg/L at test start. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 mL glass beakers
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed: covered with watch glasses
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 50 mL test medium in glass beakers
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5 neonates
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4 replicates
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4 replicates
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted water (so-called 'M4 medium' according to OECD 202 and EC Method C.2, annex 1) was used for the maintenance of the test animals and for the preparation of stock and test solutions of the test item.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: none
- Photoperiod: 16 h light: 8 h dark
- Light intensity: < 20 µE x m-2 x s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : The criterion of adverse effects used in this study was the item-induced alteration of the normal mobility behaviour and the loss of locomotory actions of the neonates, observed at 24 and 48 hours.
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (dissolved fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: see details on results
- Details on results:
- Measured test item exposure concentrations ranged from 57.2 % to 68.2 % of their nominal target values at 0 hours, from 53.5 % to 54.1 % of their nominal target values at 24 hours and from 55.2 % to 62.3 % of their nominal target values at 24 hours.
The effect concentrations were calculated by probit analysis based on the mean measured initial start concentrations.
The EC 50 was calculated by probit analysis using the statistics programme ToxRatPro Version 2.10 (released 2010-09-10). Additionally, any abnormal behaviour or appearance of the Daphnia was reported. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- - immobilisation/ other abnormalities in the controls did not exceed 10 % by the end of the test. - dissolved oxygen concentration remained above 3 mg/L - the pH of exposure solutions did not change by more than ± 1.5 units from their initial values
- Conclusions:
- The acute toxicity of 'reaction products of m-cresol and propene, high boiling alkylphenol isomers' to Daphnia magna STRAUS was assessed in a study under static conditions. A 48h-EC50-value of 5.0 mg/L was determined.
- Executive summary:
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of 'reaction products of m-cresol and propene, high boiling alkylphenol isomers' to Daphnia magna STRAUS under static conditions. The study was conducted in accordance with the Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Method C.2 ‘Acute toxicity for Daphnia’ (2008) which is equivalent to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 'Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test' (adopted April 13, 2004).
The Daphnia were exposed to a range of concentrations, nominally 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/L corresponding to 0.681, 1.245, 2.453, 4.979 and 9.172 mg/L (initial measured values) of m-cresol and propene, high boiling alkylphenol isomers dissolved in dilution water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultra turrax, a magnetic stirrer and a folded filter (pore size 7-12 µm) and an aseptic filter (pore size 0.45 µm (pre-filter) + 0.2 µm (main filter).
Observations were made on the swimming ability and the percentage immobilised, respectively, after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. The following effect related value was determined: 48h-EC50: 5.0 mg/L.The results are expressed in terms of measured initial concentrations. Since the recoveries of the analysis accompanying the test are in the same range at the end of the test as at the start of the test, reference is made to the initial concentration at the start of the test.
Reference
Description of key information
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of 'reaction products of m-cresol and propene, high boiling alkylphenol isomers' to Daphnia magna STRAUS under static conditions. The study was conducted in accordance with the Council Regulation (EC) No 440/2008, Method C.2 ‘Acute toxicity for Daphnia’ (2008) which is equivalent to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 202 'Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test' (adopted April 13, 2004).
The Daphnia were exposed to a range of concentrations, nominally 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/L corresponding to 0.681, 1.245, 2.453, 4.979 and 9.172 mg/L (initial measured values) of m-cresol and propene, high boiling alkylphenol isomers dissolved in dilution water. Auxiliaries used to prepare the test media were an ultra turrax, a magnetic stirrer and a folded filter (pore size 7-12 µm) and an aseptic filter (pore size 0.45 µm (pre-filter) + 0.2 µm (main filter).
Observations were made on the swimming ability and the percentage immobilised, respectively, after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. The following effect related value was determined: 48h-EC50: 5.0 mg/L.
The results are expressed in terms of measured initial concentrations. Since the recoveries of the analysis accompanying the test are in the same range at the end of the test as at the start of the test, reference is made to the initial concentration at the start of the test.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- 5 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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