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EC number: 938-679-9 | CAS number: 308062-29-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1976-04 to 1977-02
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Well documented, equivalent to guideline
- Justification for type of information:
- REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH (ENDPOINT LEVEL)
Please refer to the Amine Oxide Category justification attached in Section 13
2. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION (ENDPOINT LEVEL)
Study summaries of the available acute data for category members are provided in IUCLID Section 6.1.3. These data demonstrate a small increase in acute toxicity to daphnia magna as chain length increases moving from C12 AO to C12-14 AO, C14 AO and C12-18 AO. It is considered likely that there would be similarly small differences between the substances for long term toxicity. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- the study pre-dates GLPs
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
N/A
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Melting point: 126 deg C
- Boiling point: n/a
- Vapour pressure: 1.7E-06 and 7.5E-05 Pa
- Water solubility: 409 g/L
- Henry's law constant: 3.7E-09-1.2E-08 Pa m³/mol
- log Pow: <2.7
- pKa: 4.01
- Stability in water: stable
- Stability in light: stable
- pH dependance on stability: n/a
OTHER PROPERTIES (if relevant for this endpoint)
- Results of test for ready biodegradability: readily biodegradable - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: all concentrations
- Sampling method: Samples were taken from test vessels on day 0, and every 3-5 days throughout the 21-day test.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Preserved with 1% formaldehyde for anionics, or H2SO4 at pH 2 for nonionics, and stored at 5 C until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Direct dilution of the appropriate amount of test substance into blended well water
- Eluate: N/A
- Differential loading: N/A
- Controls: Blended well water
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): N/A
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): N/A
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): None - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: N/A
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline: N/A
- Source: In-house culture
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): <12 h
- Feeding during test
- Food type: ground trout chow/alfalfa mixture, 1000 mg/L
- Amount: 5 mg/L
- Frequency: Each diluter cycle
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Not specified
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): N/A
- Type and amount of food: N/A
- Feeding frequency: N/A
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): N/A
QUARANTINE (wild caught)
- Duration: N/A
- Health/mortality: N/A
METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: Young were manually siphoned from existing culture units - Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Hardness:
- 120 +/- 18 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 21 +/- 1 C
- pH:
- 7.5 +/- 0.2 SU
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.9 +/- 0.4 mg/L
- Salinity:
- N/A
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Mean Measured Concentrations - Control, 0.08, 0.17, 0.34, 0.70, and 1.35 mg/L C12.7 Amine Oxide (active ingredient). Nominal concentrations not available in the study report.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 1 liter glass beakers, 1 L test solution
- Aeration: N/A
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Mount and Brungs proportional diluter, with modifications
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): 125 ml per 20 min cycle, or one chamber volume every 2.5 hr.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): N/A
- Biomass loading rate: N/A
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Blended well water
- Total organic carbon: N/A
- Particulate matter: N/A
- Metals: N/A
- Pesticides: N/A
- Chlorine: N/A
- Alkalinity: N/A
- Ca/mg ratio: N/A
- Conductivity: N/A
- Salinity: N/A
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Daily
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: N/A
- Photoperiod: N/A
- Light intensity: N/A
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Mortality, 24 hr, 96 hr, 7 days, then daily to end of test. Reproduction, daily beginning day 7 or 8 to end of test.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: N/A
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: N/A - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.01 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 0.85-1.21 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.96 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 0.90-1.03 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.88 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Total young production
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 0.77-1.04 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.01 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Average brood size
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 0.95-1.07 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.04 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Percentage of days reproduction occurred
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL 0.98-1.11 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Parent (Fo) Survival and Reproduction (Mean Brood Size; Total # of young)
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL not provided
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of parent animals: % mortality, day 21- Control-10%; 0.08 mg/L-30%; 0.17 mg/L-20%; 0.34 mg/L-10%, 0.70 mg/L-15%; 1.35 mg/L-100%
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: N/A
- Body length and weight of parent animals: N/A
- Type and number of morphological abnormalities: N/A
- Type and number of behavioural abnormalities: N/A
- Number of males and females (parental): N/A
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch- 7 or 8 days
- Egg development time: N/A
- Brood size: Mean-Control-1.78; 0.08 mg/L-2.92; 0.17 mg/L-5.32; 0.34 mg/L-5.58, 0.70 mg/L-6.06; 1.35 mg/L-0
- Time to sexual maturity: N/A
- Type and magnitude of biochemical changes: N/A
- Other biological observations: N/A
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: N/A - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- N/A
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- All results were calculated with a computerized probit analysis program after Finney (1964, 1971). Survival data for 96 hr and 21 days was used to calculate LC50 values and confidence limits. All results were calculated based on mean measured concentrations of test material.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 21 day NOEC of C12/C14 amine oxide to Daphnia magna was 0.70 mg AO/L, based on survival and reproduction. The 21 day LC50 was 0.96 mg AO/L. Results are based on the mean measured concentration.
- Executive summary:
The long-term toxicity of C12/C14 amine oxide was evaluated in a 21 day survival and reproduction test with Daphnia magna, following the OECD 211 guideline. Four replicates per concentration, 5 organisms per replicate, were tested in a flow-through system (a modified Mount and Brungs proportional diluter). Mean measured test concentrations were: Control, 0.08, 0.17, 0.34, 0.70, and 1.35 mg AO/L.
Survival was monitored at 24 hr., 96 hr., 7 days, and daily thereafter. Reproduction was monitored beginning with the production of the first brood on day 7 or 8, and daily thereafter. LC50s and EC50s were calculated by probit analysis. Results are based on the mean measured concentration of the active ingredient. The 21 -day NOEC was 0.70 mg AO/L, based on both survival and reproduction. The 21 day LC50 was 0.96 mg AO/L (95% CL = 0.90 -1.03 mg AO/L). The 21-day EC50’s, based on total young production, average brood size, and % days reproduction occurred, were 0.88 mg AO/L, 1.01 mg AO/L, and 1.04 mg AO/L, respectively.
Reference
Description of key information
No chronic daphnia toxicity studies have been performed using C14 -16 AO. Data are read across from category member C12-14 AO.
One long term (21 days) toxicity to Daphnia magna study is available for C12-14 AO. A no effect concentration of 0.7 mg AO/L was reported in the study.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 0.7 mg/L
Additional information
No chronic daphnia toxicity studies have been performed using C14 -16 AO. Data are read across from category member C12-14 AO.
The long-term toxicity of C12-14 AO was evaluated in a 21 day survival and reproduction test with Daphnia magna, following the OECD 211 guideline [Maki AW (1977)]. Four replicates per concentration, 5 organisms per replicate, were tested in a flow-through system. Mean measured test concentrations were: 0, 0.08, 0.17, 0.34, 0.70, and 1.35 mg AO/L. Survival was monitored at 24 hours, 96 hours, 7 days, and daily thereafter. Reproduction was monitored beginning with the production of the first brood on day 7 or 8, and daily thereafter. LC50s and EC50s were calculated by probit analysis. Results are based on the mean measured concentration of the amine oxide.
The 21 -day NOEC was 0.70 mg AO/L, based on both survival and reproduction. The 21 day LC50 was 0.96 mg AO/L. The 21-day EC50’s, based on total young production, average brood size, and % days reproduction occurred, were 0.88 mg AO/L, 1.01 mg AO/L, and 1.04 mg AO/L, respectively.
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