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EC number: 242-599-3 | CAS number: 18820-29-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2010-03-06 to 2010-04-12
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study was conducted according to GLP and to current guidelines with no deficiencies.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Water samples were taken from the control and each replicate test vessel at 0 (fresh media), 24 and 96 hours (old media) for quantitative analysis.
Duplicate samples and samples at 24 (fresh media), 48 and 72 hours (fresh and old media) were taken and stored at approximately -20°C for further analysis if necessary. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: the test item was prepared as a saturated solution. An amount of test item (2100 mg) was added to 21 litres of dechlorinated tap water and stirred using a magnetic stirrer at approximately 100 rpm at approximately 14°C for 48 hours. This was prepared in triplicate. After stirring, any undissolved test item was removed by filtration through a 0.2 µm Sartorius Sartopore filter (first approximate 1 litre discarded to pre-condition the filter) and the filtrates pooled to give the 100% v/v saturated solution. Aliquots (2.0, 3.6, 6.4 and 11.2 litres) of the 100% v/v saturated solution were each separately diluted in a final volume of 20 litres of dechlorinated tap water, and stirred using a flat bladed mixer for approximately 1 minute, to give the remainder of the test concentrations of 10, 18, 32 and 56% v/v saturated solution respectively. - Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: rainbow trout
- Source: Brow Well Fisheries Limited, Hebden, near Skipton, Yorkshire, UK
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 4.2 cm (sd = 0.1)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.95 g (sd = 0.07)
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 2010-03-17 to 2010-03-29
- Acclimation conditions: the same as test conditions
- Type and amount of food: commercial trout pellets
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Health during acclimation: no mortality observed during acclimation - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- no
- Hardness:
- 140 mg/L as CaCO₃
- Test temperature:
- 14°C
- pH:
- 7.5 - 9.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.7 - 12.1 mg O₂/L
- Salinity:
- not reported
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentrations: 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100% v/v saturated solution
measured concentrations: 1.3, 2.3, 4.0, 7.8 and 13 mg/L as test item - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 20 litre glass exposure vessels
- Type: open, covered to reduce evaporation
- Aeration: yes, test vessels aerated via narrow bore glass tubes
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): daily
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- Biomass loading rate: 0.29 g/L
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source: ZDB13 ALVASTON
- Preparation of dilution water: ALVASTON tap water was dechlorinated by passage through an activated carbon filter (Purite Series 500) and partly softened (Elga Nimbus 1248D Duplex Water Softener).
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness cycle with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Mortalities and any sub-lethal effects were observed 3 and 6 hours after the start of exposure and then daily throughout the test until termination after 96 hours.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.7 - 1.8
- Range finding study: yes, two range finding tests were performed. In the initial range-finding test fish were exposed to a maximum measured test concentration of 12.2 mg/L as test item and in the second range-finding test fish were exposed to test concentrations of 1.0, 10 and 100% v/v saturated solution.
- Test concentrations: In the definitive test concentrations of 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100% v/v saturated solution were assigned.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: The results of the second range finding test showed a single mortality at the test concentration of 100% v/v saturated solution. No mortalities were observed at the test concentrations of 1.0 and 10% v/v saturated solution. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: % v/v saturated solution
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 56 other: % v/v saturated solution
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 13 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 7.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- The results showed 100% mortalities at the test concentration of 100% v/v saturated solution in the initial range-finding test (results are given in Table 1). There were no sub-lethal effects of exposure during the initial range-finding test.
Analysis of the 100% v/v saturated solution showed a measured concentration of 12.2 mg/L as test item was obtained.
A single mortality was observed in the second range-finding test at the test concentration of 100% v/v saturated solution. No mortalities were observed at the test concentrations of 1.0 and 10% v/v saturated solution. Cumulative mortality data from the exposure of rainbow trout to the test item during the second range-finding test are given in Table 2 and no sub-lethal effects of exposure are given in Table 3.
The results of the definitive test showed the highest mean measured test concentration resulting in 0% mortality to be 7.8 mg/L, the lowest mean measured test concentration resulting in 100% mortality to be greater than 13 mg/L and the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) to be 7.8 mg/L.The No Observed Effect Concentration based on nominal test concentrations was 56% v/v saturated solution. The No Observed Effect Concentration is based upon zero mortalities and the absence of any sub-lethal effects of exposure at this concentration. Cumulative mortality data from the exposure of rainbow trout to the test item during the definitive test are given in Table 4.
A single fish in the control group was lost after 72 hours having jumped out of the tank despite the exposure vessel being covered. This was considered not to affect the outcome of the test as no adverse effects were observed in the control group.
There were no sub-lethal effects of exposure observed in the test.
The test preparations were observed to be clear, colourless solutions throughout the duration of the test. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not reported
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- not reported
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Table1 Cumulative Mortality Data in the Initial Range-finding Test
Nominal
Concentration
(% v/v Saturated Solution)
Cumulative Mortality
(Initial Population = 3)
3 Hours
6 Hours
24 Hours
48 Hours
72 Hours
96 Hours
Control
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
0
0
0
2
3
3
Table2 Cumulative Mortality Data in the Second Range-finding Test
Nominal
Concentration
(% v/v Saturated Solution)
Cumulative Mortality
(Initial Population = 3)
3 Hours
6 Hours
24 Hours
48 Hours
72 Hours
96 Hours
Control
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
0
0
0
1
1
1
Table3 Sub-lethal Effects of Exposure in the Second Range-finding Test
Nominal
Concentration
(% v/v Saturated Solution)
Sub-lethal Effects
Time (Hours)
3
6
24
48
72
96
Control
No abnormalities detected
1.0
No abnormalities detected
10
No abnormalities detected
100
Increased pigmentation
2/2
2/2
Table4 Cumulative Mortality Data in the Definitive Test
Mean Measured
Concentration
(mg/L as Test Item)
Cumulative Mortality
(Initial Population = 7)%
Mortality
3 Hours
6 Hours
24 Hours
48 Hours
72 Hours
96 Hours
96 Hours
Control
0
0
0
0
1[1]
1
14
1.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
2
2
29
[1]A single fish in the control group was lost after 72 hours having jumped out of the tank despite the exposure vessel being covered. This was considered not to affect the outcome of the test as no adverse effects were observed in the control group.
Appendix4 Physico-Chemical Measurements
Mean Measured
Concentration
(mg/L as Test Item)
Time (Hours)
0 Hours (Fresh Media)
24 Hours (Old Media)
24 Hours (Fresh Media)
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
TºC
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
T°C
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
T°C
Control
7.8
9.9
96
14
8.1
9.5
92
14
7.7
11.4
111
14
1.3
7.5
9.9
96
14
8.1
9.4
91
14
7.6
11.1
108
14
2.3
7.5
10.0
97
14
8.2
9.8
95
14
7.5
11.2
109
14
4.0
7.5
9.6
93
14
8.0
9.0
87
14
7.6
11.1
108
14
7.8
8.2
10.0
99
15
8.2
9.3
90
14
7.9
11.0
109
15
13
8.9
9.2
91
15
8.3
8.9
86
14
8.6
10.5
104
15
Mean Measured
Concentration
(mg/L as Test Item)
Time (Hours)
48 Hours (Old Media)
48 Hours (Fresh Media)
72 Hours (Old Media)
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
TºC
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
T°C
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
T°C
Control
8.0
9.0
87
14
7.8
10.6
103
14
8.3
9.3
90
14
1.3
8.3
9.7
94
14
7.9
10.8
103
13
8.2
9.1
88
14
2.3
8.3
9.8
95
14
7.9
10.6
103
14
8.1
9.4
91
14
4.0
8.2
9.1
88
14
7.9
10.3
100
14
8.0
9.1
88
14
7.8
8.3
9.4
91
14
8.0
9.3
90
14
8.4
9.3
90
14
13
8.4
9.8
95
14
8.9
8.4
82
14
8.7
9.5
92
14
Mean Measured
Concentration
(mg/L as Test Item)
Time (Hours)
72 Hours (Fresh Media)
96 Hours (Old Media)
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
TºC
pH
mg O2/L
%ASV*
T°C
Control
8.2
10.3
100
14
8.1
11.6
113
14
1.3
8.0
10.9
106
14
8.2
11.9
116
14
2.3
8.0
10.7
104
14
8.2
11.6
113
14
4.0
8.1
10.7
104
14
8.3
12.1
117
14
7.8
8.4
9.4
91
14
8.2
12.1
117
14
13
9.0
8.7
86
15
8.2
11.9
116
14
*ASV= Dissolved oxygen concentration expressed as a percentage of Air Saturation Value
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- 96-Hour LC50 was greater than 13 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The short-term toxicity of the test material to fish was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 203 and EU Method C.1 and in compliance with GLP.
The results showed 100 % mortalities at the test concentration of 100 % v/v saturated solution in the initial range-finding test. There were no sub-lethal effects of exposure during the initial range-finding test.
Analysis of the 100 % v/v saturated solution showed a measured concentration of 12.2 mg/L as test material was obtained.
A single mortality was observed in the second range-finding test at the test concentration of 100 % v/v saturated solution. No mortalities were observed at the test concentrations of 1.0 and 10 % v/v saturated solution.
The results of the definitive test showed the highest mean measured test concentration resulting in 0 % mortality to be 7.8 mg/L, the lowest mean measured test concentration resulting in 100 % mortality to be greater than 13 mg/L and the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) to be 7.8 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration based on nominal test concentrations was 56 % v/v saturated solution. The No Observed Effect Concentration is based upon zero mortalities and the absence of any sub-lethal effects of exposure at this concentration.
A single fish in the control group was lost after 72 hours having jumped out of the tank despite the exposure vessel being covered. This was considered not to affect the outcome of the test as no adverse effects were observed in the control group. There were no sub-lethal effects of exposure observed in the test.
Under the conditions of the study the 96-Hour LC50 was greater than 13 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
The 96-Hour LC50 was greater than 13 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The short-term toxicity of the test material to fish was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 203 and EU Method C.1 and in compliance with GLP.
The results showed 100 % mortalities at the test concentration of 100 % v/v saturated solution in the initial range-finding test. There were no sub-lethal effects of exposure during the initial range-finding test.
Analysis of the 100 % v/v saturated solution showed a measured concentration of 12.2 mg/L as test material was obtained.
A single mortality was observed in the second range-finding test at the test concentration of 100 % v/v saturated solution. No mortalities were observed at the test concentrations of 1.0 and 10 % v/v saturated solution.
The results of the definitive test showed the highest mean measured test concentration resulting in 0 % mortality to be 7.8 mg/L, the lowest mean measured test concentration resulting in 100 % mortality to be greater than 13 mg/L and the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) to be 7.8 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration based on nominal test concentrations was 56 % v/v saturated solution. The No Observed Effect Concentration is based upon zero mortalities and the absence of any sub-lethal effects of exposure at this concentration.
A single fish in the control group was lost after 72 hours having jumped out of the tank despite the exposure vessel being covered. This was considered not to affect the outcome of the test as no adverse effects were observed in the control group. There were no sub-lethal effects of exposure observed in the test.
Under the conditions of the study the 96-Hour LC50 was greater than 13 mg/L.
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