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EC number: 240-539-0 | CAS number: 16484-77-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Melting point / freezing point
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- melting point/freezing point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 02 February 1999 to 22 June 1999
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 102 (Melting point / Melting Range)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.1 (Melting / Freezing Temperature)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 830.7200 (Melting Point / Melting Range)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- capillary method
- Key result
- Melting / freezing pt.:
- >= 93.5 - <= 97.5 °C
- Decomposition:
- no
- Sublimation:
- no
- Remarks on result:
- other: Atmosphric pressure was not specified.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material was found to be 93.5 to 97.5 °C.
- Executive summary:
The melting point of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 102 and EU Method A.1. and in compliance with GLP using a capillary method.
Dried test material was pulverised to a fine powder and a small amount tightly packed into a capillary tube to a height of 3 mm. Following an initial estimation of melting point, the melting point apparatus was set at approximately 10 °C below the expected melting temperature. The capillary tube was placed in the apparatus and heated at 1 °C/minute until melting was complete. The procedure was performed in duplicate using a fresh sample on each occasion.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material (pure grade) was found to be 93.5 to 97.5 °C.
- Endpoint:
- melting point/freezing point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 April 1990 to 20 August 1990
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 102 (Melting point / Melting Range)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.1 (Melting / Freezing Temperature)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-5
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- capillary method
- Key result
- Melting / freezing pt.:
- >= 81.5 - <= 92 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: Atmospheric pressure not specified.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 81.5 to 92.0 °C (354.5 - 365.0 K) (the mean of 81.5 - 91.5 °C and 81.5 - 92.0 °C).
- Executive summary:
The melting range was assessed according to OECD Method 102, EEC Method A1, EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-5 and in compliance with GLP using the capillary method.
The melting point determination was carried outby a capillary tube method using a Buchi 530 melting/boiling point apparatus to provide the heating.
The melting points of certified reference materials were determined to calibrate the method and provide a correction to the measured melting temperatures by inserting the measured values into the linear regression.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 81.5 to 92.0 °C (354.5 - 365.0 K) (the mean of 81.5 - 91.5 °C and 81.5 - 92.0 °C).
- Endpoint:
- melting point/freezing point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- October-November 1994
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 102 (Melting point / Melting Range)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.1 (Melting / Freezing Temperature)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- capillary method
- Key result
- Melting / freezing pt.:
- >= 94.6 - <= 96.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: Atmospheric pressure not specified.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the pure active test material is 94.6 - 96.2 °C.
- Executive summary:
The melting range was assessed according to OECD Method 102 and in compliance with GLP using the capillary method.
The test material was also investigated for exothermic/endothermic effects by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
A melting curve was registered from 60 to 360 °C with a heating rate of 10 K/min (sample weight 3.48 mg). The melting curve shows an endothermic melting peak at about 100 °C, which agrees with the capillary method.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the pure active test material is 94.6 - 96.2 °C.
- Endpoint:
- melting point/freezing point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 15 March 1994
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 102 (Melting point / Melting Range)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- capillary method
- Key result
- Melting / freezing pt.:
- >= 95.5 - <= 96.8 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: Atmospheric pressure not specified.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 95.5 to 96.8 °C.
- Executive summary:
The melting point of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 102 and in compliance with GLP using the capillary method.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 95.5 to 96.8 °C.
- Endpoint:
- melting point/freezing point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 14 December 1994
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: CIPAC MT 2
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- other: Not specified.
- Key result
- Melting / freezing pt.:
- >= 84 - <= 91 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: Atmospheric pressure not specified.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 84 to 91 °C.
- Executive summary:
The melting range of the test material was assessed according to CIPAC MT2 and in compliance with GLP.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 84 to 91 °C.
Referenceopen allclose all
The results of duplicate melting point determinations on the test material (pure grade) were as follows:
Melting Stage* |
Temperature (°C) |
|
Sample 1 |
Sample 2 |
|
A |
93.5 |
93.0 |
B |
94.5 |
94.5 |
C |
96.0 |
96.0 |
D |
96.5 |
96.5 |
E |
97.0 |
97.5 |
*As referenced in OECD Method 102.
Melting Point of Reference Materials
|
Melting Point (°C) |
|
Reference Material
|
Measured Value |
Certified Value |
4-Nitrotoluene |
50 |
52.30 |
Naphthalene |
80 |
80.81 |
Acetanilide |
115 |
114.58 |
Diphenyl acetic acid |
151 |
147.57 |
2 -Chloroanthraquinone |
213 |
210.75 |
Carbazole |
250 |
246.70 |
Linear regression:
y = 2.746 + 0.973x
Where:
y = Certified value
x = Measured value
Results of Duplicate Melting Point Determinations on the Test Material
|
Tempertaure (°C) |
|
Melting Stage |
Run I |
Run II |
A |
81.5 |
81.5 |
B |
82.0 |
82.0 |
C |
87.0 |
87.0 |
D |
89.5 |
88.5 |
E |
91.5 |
92.0 |
Thus the melting range of the test material is 81.5 - 92.0 °C (354.5 - 365.0 K) (the mean of 81.5 - 91.5 °C and 81.5 - 92.0 °C).
Usinge the capillary method the melting point of the reference substance, benzile, was determined to be 93.5 - 95.0 °C.
The melting point of the test material was determined to be:
Determination 1: 94.7 - 96.2 °C
Determination 2: 94.6 - 95.9 °C
From these results for the pure active test material the melting range is: 94.6 - 96.2 °C.
Using DSC a melting curve was registered from 60 to 360 °C with a heating rate of 10 K/min (sample weight 3.48 mg). The melting curve shows an endothermic melting peak at about 100 °C, which agrees with the capillary method.
The following melting points have been observed.
Test material determination 1: 95.5 - 96.1 °C
Test material determination 2: 95.7 - 96.8 °C
Reference substance, Benzile: 92.5 - 94.5 °C.
Reference substance, Benzoic acid: 122.7 - 125.0 °C.
From these results for the pure active test material the melting range is: 95.5 - 96.8 °C.
Description of key information
Comb (2000b)
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 93.5 to 97.5 °C.
O'Connor (1990)
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 81.5 to 92.0 °C (354.5 - 365.0 K) (the mean of 81.5 - 91.5 °C and 81.5 - 92.0 °C).
Türk (1994)
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 94.6 to 96.2 °C.
Supporting Study: Türk (1994b)
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 95.5 to 96.8 °C.
Supporting Study: Kästel (1994)
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 84 to 91 °C.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Melting / freezing point at 101 325 Pa:
- 93.5 °C
Additional information
Comb (2000b)
The melting point of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 102 and EU Method A.1. and in compliance with GLP using a capillary method. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
Dried test material was pulverised to a fine powder and a small amount tightly packed into a capillary tube to a height of 3 mm. Following an initial estimation of melting point, the melting point apparatus was set at approximately 10 °C below the expected melting temperature. The capillary tube was placed in the apparatus and heated at 1 °C/minute until melting was complete. The procedure was performed in duplicate using a fresh sample on each occasion.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material (pure grade) was found to be 93.5 to 97.5 °C.
O'Connor (1990)
The melting range was assessed according to OECD Method 102, EEC Method A1, EPA FIFRASubdivision D § 63-5 and in compliance with GLP using the capillary method. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
The melting point determination was carried out by a capillary tube method using a Buchi 530 melting/boiling point apparatus to provide the heating.
The melting points of certified reference materials were determined to calibrate the method and provide a correction to the measured melting temperatures by inserting the measured values into the linear regression.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 81.5 to 92.0 °C (354.5 - 365.0 K) (the mean of 81.5 - 91.5 °C and 81.5 - 92.0 °C).
Türk (1994)
The melting range was assessed according to OECD Method 102 and in compliance with GLP using the capillary method. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
The test material was also investigated for exothermic/endothermic effects by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
A melting curve was registered from 60 to 360 °C with a heating rate of 10 K/min (sample weight 3.48 mg). The melting curve shows an endothermic melting peak at about 100 °C, which agrees with the capillary method.
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the pure active test material is 94.6 to 96.2 °C.
Supporting Study: Türk (1994b)
The melting point of the test material was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 102 and in compliance with GLP using the capillary method. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 95.5 to 96.8 °C.
Supporting Study: Kästel (1994)
The melting range of the test material was assessed according to CIPAC MT2 and in compliance with GLP. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).
Under the conditions of the study the melting range of the test material is 84 to 91 °C.
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