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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation / corrosion, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to the Read-across Justification provided in IUCLID section 13
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Cosmeceutical effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Kombucha tea by intradermal administration in the skin of aged mice
- Author:
- Pakravan N, Mahmoudi E, Hashemi SA, Kamali J, Hajiaghayi R, Rahimzadeh M, Mahmoodi V.
- Year:
- 2 017
- Bibliographic source:
- J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018 Dec;17(6):1216-1224.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A total of 54 female NMRI mice were purchased from Pasteur Institute Experimental Animal Center (Tehran, Iran). All animals were kept under standard conditions of temperature (23 +/- 2°C) and humidity (50% +/- 10%) with an alternating 12-h light/dark cycles at the conventional animal house of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Given free access to food and water, mice were housed for 1 week before experiments and maintained under standard environmental conditions.
All experiments were done according to Animal Care and Use Protocol of Ethics Committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences.
According to the age, 5 experimental groups (n = 9) were considered including: Group 1 as control young group (aged 2 months), Group 2 as old group (aged 15 months) treated with KEAf at a dose of 5 mg/mL, Group 3 as old group (aged 15 months) treated with KEAf at a dose of 10 mg/mL, Group 4 as control old group (aged 15 months) treated with saline, and Group 5 as control old group (aged 15 months) without any treatment. Treatments were carried out for 14 days and performed via the intradermal route after the induction of anesthesia and shaving a 2 x 2 cm region behind the animal’s neck. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- Not mentioned
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Fermentation product of sucrose and Theaceae Camellia Camellia sinensis leaves with a variable symbiosis of bacteria and yeast, of including bacteria of Acetoacteraceæ Acetobacter and Gluconobacter genus, and yeasts of Saccharomycetaceae family
- Molecular formula:
- Not applicable
- IUPAC Name:
- Fermentation product of sucrose and Theaceae Camellia Camellia sinensis leaves with a variable symbiosis of bacteria and yeast, of including bacteria of Acetoacteraceæ Acetobacter and Gluconobacter genus, and yeasts of Saccharomycetaceae family
1
In vitro test system
- Amount/concentration applied:
- Group 1 and 2: 5 mg/mL
Group 3 and 4: 10 mg/mL
Group 4 and 5: 0 mg/mL
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- NMRI
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- A total of 54 female NMRI mice were purchased from Pasteur Institute Experimental Animal Center (Tehran, Iran). All animals were kept under standard conditions of temperature (23 +/- 2°C) and humidity (50% +/- 10%) with an alternating 12-h light/dark cycles at the conventional animal house of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Given free access to food and water, mice were housed for 1 week before experiments and maintained under standard environmental conditions.
All experiments were done according to Animal Care and Use Protocol of Ethics Committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences.
According to the age, 5 experimental groups (n = 9) were considered including: Group 1 as control young group (aged 2 months), Group 2 as old group (aged 15 months) treated with KEAf at a dose of 5 mg/mL, Group 3 as old group (aged 15 months) treated with KEAf at a dose of 10 mg/mL, Group 4 as control old group (aged 15 months) treated with saline, and Group 5 as control old group (aged 15 months) without any treatment. Treatments were carried out for 14 days and performed via the intradermal route after the induction of anesthesia and shaving a 2 x 2 cm region behind the animal’s neck.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- other: intradermal injection
- Preparation of test site:
- shaved
- Remarks:
- 2 x 2 cm region behind the animal’s neck
- Number of animals:
- 54
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Visual evaluation of skin reaction at 24 and 72 hours after ID injection did not show inflammatory reactions, such as edema and erythema.
The score of irritation in Kombucha tea ethyl acetate fraction (KEAf) and the vehicle (PBS) groups was 0%, and the mean evaluation score was 0. - Other effects:
- Also, histological observation of the skin tissue sections did not show pathological damage or accumulation of inflammatory cells in the treated animals suggesting that KEAf is not cytotoxic and does not sensitize the skin.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Groups | Vehicle L (PBS) | Kombucha tea ethyl acetate fraction (KEAf) | ||||||
Hours | 24 | 72 | 24 | 72 | ||||
Skin reaction | Erythema | Edema | Erythema | Edema | Erythema | Edema | Erythema | Edema |
Mean score | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Kombucha tea ethyl acetate fraction (KEAf) is not irritating to the skin.
- Executive summary:
Background/purpose: Natural ingredients have been always an interesting approach to prolong youthful appearance of skin. One of the natural compounds is Kombucha tea (KT), which has been mainly used as an energy drink in Asian countries for a long time. Previous reports indicated that it has pharmaceutical and favorable wound repairing effects. The beneficial properties of KT are thought to be mainly due to the presence of fermentation products such as flavonoids and other polyphenols with inhibition of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes and anti-inflammatory effects. These properties prompted us to study the anti-aging potential of KT and investigate its effective fraction in aged mice.
Methods: Kombucha tea was fractionated into chloroform, butanol, and ethyl acetate, and flavonoid content was determined. Young and old mice were used as control.
KT ethyl acetate fraction (KEAf), which had the highest flavonoid content, was intradermally administered to old mice.
Results: Administration of KEAf significantly increased the collagen content, NAD+/NADH level, and concomitantly improved skin connective tissue abnormalities in the aged skin. No sensitivity or irritation was observed.
Conclusion: This finding suggested that KEAf can be a suitable candidate as a cosmetic product to improve aging-related skin abnormalities and regeneration of aged skin.
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