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EC number: 219-969-8 | CAS number: 2587-76-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 October 2002 to 28 October 2002
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 002
- Report date:
- 2002
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5100 - Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (August 1998)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Chlorotrioctylstannane
- EC Number:
- 219-969-8
- EC Name:
- Chlorotrioctylstannane
- Cas Number:
- 2587-76-0
- Molecular formula:
- C24H51ClSn
- IUPAC Name:
- chlorotrioctylstannane
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Appearance: Colourless liquid
- Density: 1.04
- Storage conditions of test material: at < -18 °C, in the absence of light
- Date of receipt: 7 October 2002
- Date of expiry: 31 July 2004
Method
- Target gene:
- S. typhimurium: Histidine locus
E. coli: Tryptophan locus
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Frozen stocks of each strain were checked for histidine requirement and for sensitivity to ampicillin, crystal violet and UV radiation.
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Frozen stocks were checked for tryptophan requirement and for sensitivity to ampicillin, crystal violet and UV radiation.
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9-mix
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- - Range Finding Test: 0, 0.3, 0.8, 2.3, 7, 21, 62, 185, 556, 1667 and 5000 µg/plate (TA 98 only)
- Main Test: 62, 185, 556, 1667 and 5000 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO. Test material was dissolved in DMSO at 50 mg/mL. A colourless, slightly viscous solution was obtained.
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- 2-nitrofluorene
- sodium azide
- benzo(a)pyrene
- other: 2-aminoanthracene, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
To 2 mL molten top agar (containing 0.6 % agar, 0.5 % NaCl and 0.05 mM L-histidine.HCl/0.05 mM biotin for the S. typhimurium strains, and supplemented with 0.05 mM tryptophan for the E. coli strain), maintained at 46 °C, were added subsequently: 0.1 mL of a fully grown culture of the appropriate strain, 0.1 mL of the appropriate test material solution or of the negative or positive control substance solution, and 0.5 mL S9-mix for with metabolic activation or 0.5 mL sodium phosphate 100 mM (pH 7.4) without metabolic activation.
- The ingredients were thoroughly mixed and the mix was immediately poured onto minimal glucose agar plates (1.5 % agar in Vogel and Bonner medium E with 2 % glucose).
DURATION
The plates were incubated at ca. 37 °C for 48 - 72 hours
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: Assessment of background lawn
EXAMINATIONS
- The his+ and trp+ revertants were counted - Evaluation criteria:
- A test material is considered to be positive in the bacterial gene mutation test if the mean number of revertant colonies on the test plates is concentration-related increased or if a reproducible two-fold or more increase is observed compared to that on the negative control plates.
A test material is considered to be negative in the bacterial gene mutation test if it produces neither a dose-related increase in the mean number of revertant colonies nor a reproducible positive response at any of the test points.
Positive results from the bacterial reverse mutation test indicate that a test material induces point mutations by base substitutions or frameshifts in the genome of either Salmonella typhimurium and/or Escherichia coli. Negative results indicate that under the test conditions, the test material is not mutagenic in the tested strains.
Both numerical significance and biological relevance are considered together in the evaluation.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- Cytotoxic at the highest concentration
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- RANGE-FINDING TEST
The test material was not toxic and no precipitation was observed at any concentration.
MUTAGENICITY TEST
The test material was toxic to strain TA 1537 at the highest concentration, as was evidenced by a decrease in the mean number of revertant colonies. Precipitation of the test material was observed at 1667 and 5000 µg/plate.
In both the absence and the presence of S9-mix and in all strains, the test material did not cause more than a two-fold increase in the mean number of revertant colonies appearing in the test plates compared to the background spontaneous reversion rate observed with the negative control.
The mean number of his + and trp+ revertant colonies of the negative controls were within the acceptable range, and the positive controls gave the expected increase in the mean number of revertant colonies.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Summary of Mutagenicity Experiment
± S9 Mix |
Concentration (µg/plate) |
Mean number of colonies/plate |
||||
Base-pair Substitution Type |
Frameshift Type |
|||||
TA100 |
TA1535 |
WP2uvrA |
TA98 |
TA1537 |
||
- |
Solvent 62 185 556 1667 5000 |
191 189 192 165 183 174 |
20 18 25 20 23 18 |
28 32 32 36 41 32 |
40 34 32 32 33 36 |
17 15 12 12 14 9 |
+ |
Solvent 62 185 556 1667 5000 |
183 185 194 215 191 208 |
17 18 26 15 19 14 |
39 38 37 39 25 33 |
53 63 65 61 59 50 |
27 23 22 20 14 10 |
Positive Controls |
||||||
- |
Name |
SA |
SA |
NENN |
2NF |
9AA |
Concentration (µg/plate) |
1 |
1 |
100 |
2 |
80 |
|
Mean no. colonies/plate |
811 |
652 |
190 |
1740 |
2040 |
|
+ |
Name |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
2AA |
BP |
Concentration (µg/plate) |
2 |
2 |
80 |
2 |
4 |
|
Mean no. colonies/plate |
3351 |
618 |
1885 |
1576 |
272 |
SA = Sodium azide
NENN = N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea
2NF = 2-Nitrofluorene
9AA = 9-aminoacridine
2AA = 2-aminoanthracene
BP = benzo(a)pyrene
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this study, the test material was determined to be non-mutagenic in both the presence and absence of metabolic activation.
- Executive summary:
The mutagenic activity of the test material was evaluated in a bacterial reverse mutation assay conducted in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 471, EU Method B.13/14 and US EPA OPPTS 870.5100 under GLP conditions.
The test material was examined for mutagenic activity using the histidine-requiring Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100, the tryptophan-requiring Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA, and a liver fraction of Aroclor 1254-induced rats for metabolic activation (S9-mix).
The test material was dissolved in DMSO. A dose range finding test was performed with TA98 both in the absence and the presence of S9-mix with ten different concentrations of the test material, ranging from 0.3 - 5000 µg/plate. The test material was not toxic at any concentration.
In the main bacterial reverse mutation test, the test material was evaluated at concentrations of 62, 185, 556, 1667 and 5000 µg/plate. Negative controls (solvent) and positive controls were run simultaneously with the test material.
The test material was toxic to strain TA 1537 at the highest concentration, as was evidenced by a decrease in the mean number of revertant colonies.
In both the absence and the presence of S9-mix and in all strains, the test material did not cause more than a two-fold increase in the mean number of revertant colonies appearing in the test plates compared to the background spontaneous reversion rate observed with the negative control.
The mean number of his + and trp+ revertant colonies of the negative controls were within the acceptable range, and the positive controls gave the expected increase in the mean number of revertant colonies.
Under the conditions of this study, the test material was determined to be non-mutagenic in both the presence and absence of metabolic activation.
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