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EC number: 915-673-4 | CAS number: 211519-85-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991-09-17 to 1991-09-27
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Guideline study with acceptable restrictions. The study was conducted according to an appropriate OECD test guideline, with acceptable restrictions. The restriction was that the presence of undissolved test material (turbidity) in the water-accommodated fractions may have contributed to effects observed in the test.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Water-accommodated fractions of the test substance were prepared individually for each treatment. Appropriate amounts of the substance were added to 1 litre bottles and 1 litre of algal growth medium added. The media were then stirred vigorously for 24 hours at room temperature and then allowed to stand for 20 hours. After standing the upper approximately 350 mL of medium in each bottle was siphoned off for use as the test water-accommodated fractions. A parallel set of test media were prepared by direct addition of the substance to algal growth medium with no further treatment.
- Controls: algal growth medium
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): there was evidence of turbidity in the water-accommodated fractions. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain: SAG 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Collection of Algal Cultures, Institute for Plant Physiology, University of Göttingen, Germany.
- Method of cultivation: not described
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions: The test cultures were grown in algal growth medium prepared in accordance with the OECD guideline except that it contained 150 mg/l NaHCO3 and not 50 mg/l. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- Nominal
- Hardness:
- no data
- Test temperature:
- 23+/-1ºC
- pH:
- 8.0-8.1 at start of test
7.9-8.3 throughout test - Dissolved oxygen:
- no data
- Salinity:
- not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal loading rates in water-accommodated fraction test: 0(Control), 320, 560, 1000, 1800, 3200 and 10000 mg/L.
Nominal loading rates in direct addition test: 0(Control), 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/L.
There was evidence of turbidity in the water-accommodated fractions. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Conical flask
- Type: covered with silicone sponge caps
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 200 mL with 100 ml of test medium
- Aeration: none
- Initial cells density: 12000-13000 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 2500000-2840000 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: no
- Detailed composition if non-standard medium was used: OECD medium except that 150 mg/L of NaHCO3 was used instead of 50 mg/L
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: The dilution water (algal growth medium) was prepared by addition of concentrated stock solutions of salts and nutrients to Milli-Q filtered water. The final medium was filter-sterilized before use.
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: start and end of test
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuous
- Light intensity and quality: 120 μmol/s/m2 +/-20% from fluorescent lights in a Gallenkamp orbital shaker
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
- Determination of cell concentrations: Coulter Counter TAII and Perking Elmer 3000 Fluorescence Spectrometer
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8 (water-accommodated fraction test), 3.3 (direct addition test)
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 10, 100, 1000, 10000 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Results indicated that toxic effects could be expected at loading rates of >100 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL10
- Effect conc.:
- 1 600 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield after logistic growth based on cell numbers
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 2 600 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield after logistic growth based on cell numbers
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2000-3400
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL10
- Effect conc.:
- < 320 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: area under the growth curve based on cell numbers
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 2 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks:
- area under the growth curve based on cell numbers
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL10
- Effect conc.:
- 60 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield after logistic growth based on fluorescence measurements
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 700 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield after logistic growth based on fluorescence measurements
- Remarks on result:
- other: 230-2300
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL10
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 - < 1 800 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: area under the growth curve based on fluorescence measurements
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 800 - < 32 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: area under the growth curve based on fluorescence measurements
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- water-accommodated fraction
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield and biomass
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOELR
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- added directly to medium
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield and biomass
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: yes, there was evidence of turbidity in the water-accommodated fractions. The results are above the expected water solubility of the substance (<1 mg/L). - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The area under the growth curve (biomass) and logistic growth parameters were calculated from the cell concentration data in accordance with the description of the test method.
ELx values with respect to logistic growth were calculated using a parametric model developed by Kooijman et al (1983).
NOELR values were determined by visual comparison of the growth curves for treated and control cultures.
Kooijman, S.A.L.M., A.O. Hanstveit and H. Oldersma. (1983). Parametric analysis of population growth in bioassays. Water Research, 17: 527-538. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A 96-h EL50 value of 700 mg/L and a 96-h EL10 of 60 mg/L have been determined for the effects of the test substance on yield of Scenedesmus subspicatus as determined by fluorescence measurement. A NOELR of 1000 mg/l has been estimated from the test results by the report authors but does not seem realistic given the EL50 and EL10 values. The results are above the expected water solubility of the test substance (<1 mg/L). There was evidence of undissolved test material (turbidity) in the water-accommodated fractions and this may have contributed to effects observed at the high test substance loading rates utilised in the test.
Reference
Table 1. Results of test with test media prepared as water-accommodated fractions (mean cell concentrations in cells/ml in each treatment loading rate)
Time (hours) | Control | Control | 0.32 g/L | 0.56 g/L | 1.0 g/L | 1.8 g/L | 3.2 g/L | 10 g/L |
0 | 13000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 |
23.5 | 56000 | 62000 | 58000 | 197000 | 142000 | 39000 | - | 94000 |
48.5 | 278000 | 306000 | 304000 | 300000 | 170000 | 294000 | 248000 | 3000 |
73.5 | 879000 | 1216000 | 851000 | 410000 | 836000 | 815000 | 245000 | 313000 |
97.0 | 1961000 | 3070000 | 1665000 | 728000 | 1648000 | 1416000 | 385000 | 725000 |
Table 2. Results of test with test substance added directly (mean cell concentrations in cells/ml in each treatment loading rate)
Time (hours) | Control | Control | 10 mg/L | 32 mg/L | 100 mg/L | 320 mg/L | 1000 mg/L |
0 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 | 12000 |
19.5 | 43000 | 39000 | 43000 | 44000 | 40000 | 50000 | 36000 |
46.5 | 333000 | 329000 | 345000 | 327000 | 330000 | 337000 | 333000 |
71.5 | 1250000 | 1126000 | 1132000 | 960000 | 1001000 | 1009000 | 1040000 |
93.5 | 3005000 | 2675000 | 2803000 | 2228000 | 2536000 | 2479000 | 2209000 |
Description of key information
EL50 (96 h) >1000 mg/l (nominal) and EL10 (96 h): >1000 mg/l (nominal) based on: biomass and yield in Scenedesmus subspicatus (new name: Desmodesmus subspicatus), in media prepared by direct addition, and an EL50 of 700 mg/l (nominal) based on: yield in Scenedesmus subspicatus (new name: Desmodesmus subspicatus), in media prepared by water accommodated fraction. The EL50 value of 700 mg/l is selected as the key value for this endpoint as it is a definitive value, not a limit value (>).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
A 96-hour EL50 value of 700 mg/l and a 96-hour EL10 of 60 mg/l have been determined for the effects of bis[3-triethoxysilylpropyl]polysulfides (CAS 211519-85-6, EC 915-673-4) on the yield of Scenedesmus subspicatus as determined by fluorescence measurement (Evonik Degussa, 1992a). A NOELR of 1000 mg/l has been estimated from the test results by the report authors but does not seem realistic given the EL50 and EL10 values. This test was conducted in media prepared by Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs). The results are above the expected water solubility of the test substance (approximately 0.01 mg/l at 20°C). There was evidence of undissolved test material (turbidity) in the water-accommodated fractions and this may have contributed to effects observed at the high test substance loading rates utilised in the test. Based on the test media preparation methods and static exposure regime, it is likely that the test organisms would have been exposed to a mixture of the parent substance, the hydrolysis products and undissolved test substance and/or precipitated by-products. Insoluble oligomers may have precipitated out of solution to an extent during the media preparation and in the course of the test. The test results have been interpreted in this context. This is reflected in the observation of turbidity in test media, although no analytical verification was performed. In view of the media preparation method and duration of study, the effects seen are attributed to precipitated oligomeric or cross-linked by-products. Physical effects are likely to have dominated any intrinsic toxic effects.
In the same study, a 96-hour EL50 value of >1000 mg/l (nominal) and an EL10 of >1000 mg/l (nominal, highest concentration tested) have been determined for the effects of bis[3-triethoxysilylpropyl]polysulfides (CAS 211519-85-6) on the yield of Scenedesmus subspicatus as determined by fluorescence measurement (Evonik Degussa, 1992a). This test was conducted in media prepared by direct addition, intending to represent the properties of the parent substance. Based on the test media preparation methods and static exposure regime, it is likely that the test organisms would have been exposed to a mixture of the parent substance, the hydrolysis products and undissolved test substance and/or precipitated by-products. Insoluble oligomers may have precipitated out of solution to an extent in the course of the test. The test results have been interpreted in this context. No analytical verification was performed. In view of the media preparation method and duration of study, the effects seen are attributed to a mixture of parent, silanol hydrolysis product and oligomeric or cross-linked by-products. Physical effects such as decrease in light intensity could have contributed by affecting growth rate.
The 96-hour EL50 value of 700 mg/l is considered to be the appropriate value for the registration substance.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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