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EC number: 203-777-6 | CAS number: 110-54-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 75 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- neurotoxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 3
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEC
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 11 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- neurotoxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 3
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
The worker long-term exposure DNELs for systemic effects are based on the Indicative Occupational Exposure Limit (IOEL) for n-hexane. The inhalation DNEL is the IOEL, the NOAEC of 225 mg/m³ based on AF of 3. The assessment factor used has been derived by combining all the contributing assessment factors, which include allometric scaling, worker population, exposure duration, dose-response and quality of database.
The study of Governa et al. (1987) was used by the EC Scientific Committee for Occupational Exposure Limits to establish the IOEL for n-hexane. This study indicated that electroneuroyographic abnormalities occurred in workers with concentrations of 2,5-hexanedione in post-shift urine greater than 7.5 mg/L, which corresponded to an 8-hour time weighted average of about 70 ppm (250 mg/m3) and this is a LOAEL for effects on the peripheral nervous system. An assessment factor of 3 was applied to account for intraspecies differences among workers.
The dermal DNEL was calculated by multiplying the IOEL by 10 m2 (the volume of air breathed) and divided by 70 kg (the average worker body weight). An assessment factor of three was applied. The assessment factor used has been derived by combining all the contributing assessment factors, which include allometric scaling, worker popultion, exposure duration, dose-response and quality of database.
n-Hexane is not classified as acutely toxic according to OECD GHS guidelines; therefore, acute / short-term DNELs were not derived.
n-Hexane exposure at levels significantly higher than the systemic DNELs results in local effects (nasal lesions). The systemic DNELs are protective for both systemic and local effects, therefore DNELs for local effects were not derived.
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 16 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- neurotoxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 5
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 5.3 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- neurotoxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 5
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 4 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- neurotoxicity
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 5
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
The general population long-term exposure DNELs for systemic effects are based on the Indicative Occupational Exposure Limit (IOEL) for n-hexane. The inhalation DNEL is the IOEL multiplied by 10/20 to correct for differences between worker and general population ventilation rates, 5/7 to correct for days per week potentially exposed, and 3/5 to use an assessment factor of 5 for intraspecies differences. The dermal and oral DNELs were calculated by multiplying the inhalation DNEL by 20 m3 (the volume of air a person breathes in a day) and dividing by 60 kg (average body weight of general population).
n-Hexane is not classified as acutely toxic according to OECD GHS guidelines; therefore, acute / short-term DNELs were not derived.
n-Hexane exposure at levels significantly higher than the systemic DNELs results in local effects (nasal lesions). The systemic DNELs are protective for both systemic and local effects, therefore DNELs for local effects were not derived.
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