Diphenyl carbonate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

15.1 °dH (M4-Medium)

Test temperature:

21 °C

pH:

8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

oxygen concentration between 4.0 and 7.1 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

conditions of aquaculture: SOP 2030-7700204-98-D
water for aquaculture: M4-medium according to Elendt, version of BGA (1992)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

6.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 18.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: EC75

Effect conc.:

18.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 6.3 - < 18.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: graphic interpolation

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

2.1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Estimation based on half-life (39.9 hours)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 8.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Estimation based on half-life (39.9 hours)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: EC75

Effect conc.:

8.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Estimation based on half-life (39.9 hours)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

6.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Estimation based on half-life (39.9 hours), graphic interpolation (linear)

At the effective concentration of 6.3 mg/l (nominal concentration of 5 mg/l), related to the TOC single results at 0 and 48 h, no adverse effect was observed. At the effective concentration of 18.2 mg/l (nominal  concentration of 20 mg/l), related to the TOC single results at 0 and 48 h, an immobilisation of 75 % of the daphnids was observed.

Due to the hydrolysis of diphenyl carbonate in the presence of water, forming phenol and carbon dioxide, the effective 

concentrations of diphenyl carbonate are estimated for each test concentration. With the assumption that the half-life of 

diphenyl carbonate is about 40 hours under abiotic conditions in a buffered medium, and assuming a water solubility of 13 mg/l, the 

geometric mean over time is 8.5 mg/l, 4.1 mg/l and 2.1 mg/l at the nominal test concentrations of 20 mg/l, 10 mg/l and 

5 mg/l. By graphic interpolation (linear) the resulting effective 48 h EC50 is 6.5  mg/l.

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study the 48 hour EC50 was determined to be 6.5 mg/L.

Executive summary:

The study was conducted according to the standardised guideline EU Method C.2 under GLP conditions.

During the study Daphnia magna were exposed to the test material at nominal concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/L under static conditions for 48 hours. Ten daphnids were used per concentration in 20 mL test medium, with two replicates. The stock solution was prepared by dissolving in water an amount of test material approximately 5 times higher (60 mg/L) than the corresponding water solubility; this mixture was then stirred for 24 hours and the suspension was filtered in order to remove the undissolved particles. Analytical monitoring was performed by measuring the total organic carbon (TOC).

Due to the hydrolysis of diphenyl carbonate in the presence of water, forming phenol and carbon dioxide, the effective concentrations of diphenyl carbonate are estimated for each test concentration.

At the effective concentration of 6.3 mg/L (nominal concentration of 5 mg/L) no adverse effect was observed. At the effective concentration of 18.2 mg/L (nominal concentration of 20 mg/L), an immobilisation of 75 % of the daphnids was observed. With the assumption that the half-life of diphenyl carbonate is about 40 hours under abiotic conditions in a buffered medium, and assuming a water solubility of 13 mg/L, the geometric mean over time is 8.5, 4.1 and 2.1 mg/L at the nominal test concentrations of 20, 10 and 5 mg/L, respectively. By graphic interpolation (linear) the resulting effective 48 h EC50 is 6.5 mg/L.

Description of key information

The toxicity of diphenyl carbonate to aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna) was assessed according to EU Method C.2 (Bayer, 1999a). The effective concentration 48h EC50 was determined to 6.5 mg/L by graphic interpolation (linear).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

6.5 mg/L

Additional information

As agreed in the OECD ICCA/HPV-program, a half-life of 39.9 hours and a water solubility of 13 mg/L were used for the interpretation of aquatic data. The nominal diphenyl carbonate concentrations were converted to effective concentrations by approximation as geometric means over time. It is considered that the observed effects cover both the toxicity of diphenyl carbonate and the toxicity of the degradation products.

 

Short term toxicity to Daphnia magna

This endpoint is addressed with 1 key study (Bayer, 1999a).The study was conducted according to the standardised guideline EU Method C.2 under GLP conditions and was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria for assessing data quality as set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).

Daphnia magna were exposed to the test material at nominal concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/L under static conditions for 48 hours. Ten daphnids were used per concentration in 20 mL test medium, with two replicates. The stock solution was prepared by dissolving in water an amount of test material approximately 5 times higher (60 mg/L) than the corresponding water solubility; this mixture was then stirred for 24 hours and the suspension was filtered in order to remove the undissolved particles. Analytical monitoring was performed by measuring the total organic carbon (TOC).

Due to the hydrolysis of diphenyl carbonate in the presence of water, forming phenol and carbon dioxide, the effective concentrations of diphenyl carbonate are estimated for each test concentration.

At the effective concentration of 6.3 mg/L (nominal concentration of 5 mg/L) no adverse effect was observed. At the effective concentration of 18.2 mg/L (nominal concentration of 20 mg/L), an immobilisation of 75 % of the daphnids was observed. With the assumption that the half-life of diphenyl carbonate is about 40 hours under abiotic conditions in a buffered medium, and assuming a water solubility of 13 mg/L, the geometric mean over time is 8.5, 4.1 and 2.1 mg/L at the nominal test concentrations of 20, 10 and 5 mg/L, respectively. By graphic interpolation (linear) the resulting effective 48 h EC50 is 6.5 mg/L.