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EC number: 258-416-5 | CAS number: 53179-11-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From August 11 to August 14, 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Loperamide
- EC Number:
- 258-416-5
- EC Name:
- Loperamide
- Cas Number:
- 53179-11-6
- Molecular formula:
- C29H33ClN2O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylbutanamide
- Details on test material:
- Name Loperamide base (CAS 53179-11-6)
Batch no. 02742200215
Appearance White solid
Purity 99.5 %
Homogeneity Homogeneous
Expiry date 20. Aug. 2015
Constituent 1
Test solutions
- Details on test solutions:
- For the treatment, 350 mL of the test item solution was mixed with the necessary amount of algal pre-culture (0.83 mL) to achieve a cell concentration of approximately 6.5 *103 cells/mL. In this mixture, the pH-value was measured. Samples for the analytical determination were taken.
For the blank control, 350 mL nutrient medium was used instead of test item solution and mixed with the necessary amount of algal pre-culture (0.83 mL). The test vessels were filled with 45 ml of the respective test solution and incubated for 72 hours, shaken on an orbital shaker. Before the start of incubation and every 24 hours, the cell number was calculated based on the determination of the light absorption at 440 nm. After the test, the pH value in treatments and control was measured again.
At the end of the test, the treatments were examined microscopically in order to assess the appearance of the algae and detect abnormalities (e.g. caused by the exposure to the test item).
The concentration of the test item in the test vessels was measured at the start and at the end of the test.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- SAG Strain Number 86.81
The algae are kept as stock culture on solid agar at 2 - 8 °C. From the stock culture, a permanent culture was prepared. From an aliquot of the permanent culture, the pre-culture was prepared.
Study design
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 21.5 – 26.8 °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 7.8
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- At the start and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using HPLC. The measured concentrations were 91 % the nominal concentration at the start and 70 % of the nominal concentration at the end of the test. Therefore, the determination of the results was based on the geometric mean of the measured concentrations.
- Details on test conditions:
- Number of replicates: six replicates for the control,; six replicates for the solvent control and six replicates for the treatment
Lighting: 5300 Lux
Blank control: deionised water with nutrient medium and algae - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.48 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 0.48 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.48 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Details on results:
- The study was performed using one concentration at the limit of solubility containing 0.6 mg/L.
Any other information on results incl. tables
No significant inhibition of algal growth was observed.
At the start and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using HPLC. The measured concentration was 91 % the nominal concentration at the start of the test.
Thus the measured concentration was 70 % of the nominal concentration at the end of the test. Therefore the geometric mean of the measured concentration was used for the determination of the results. The 72h-EC50s of potassium dichromate were determined in a separate reference test. For the estimation of the 72h-EC50s of the positive control, the fits showed sufficient statistical correspondence of the data with the dose-response-equation. The values were within the normal range of the laboratory.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- No significant inhibition of algal growth was observed at the limit of solubility of 0.6 mg/l.
The measured concentrations were 91 % the nominal concentration at the start and 70 % of the nominal concentration at the end of the test. Therefore, the determination of the results was based on the geometric mean of the measured concentrations.
EC50 > 0.48 mg/l (growth rate and Yield)
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