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EC number: 234-232-0 | CAS number: 10605-21-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (positive)
Genetic toxicity in vivo
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (positive)
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
The results lead to the conclusion tha Carbendazim should be considered as an aneugen not damaging the DNA directly but interacting with a non-DNA target receptor (tubulin). For aneugenic agents of this kind, a threshold for mutagenic activity does exist.
The experimental data show that for the induction of aneuploidy in vivo actually much higher oral doses are required to obtain effective blood or tissue conc. than one would expect on the basis of a direct extrapolation from the in vitro effective concentrations. A single oral dose of 50 mg/kg bw did not increase the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes in mouse bone marrow, while the lowest oral dose causing an increase in micronucleus incidence was 100 mg/kg bw (12 ug carbendazim/ml). In contrast, a continuous blood conc. of 8 ug carbendazim/ml was not sufficient to increase the micronucleus frequency.
The lowest single oral NOEL in rat germ cells was also 50 mg/kg bw.
Carbendazim did not induce mutation in S.typhi. G46 by means of the host mediated assay and urine of rats treated with 200 mg/kg carbendazim failed to induce mutations in the Ames test.
Carbendazim and benomyl did not induce structural chromosome aberrations and/or lethal gene mutations in mouse and rat germ cells as investigated in several dominant lethal assays using single or multiple exposure protocols.
It can be stated that carbendazim is devoid of gene mutagenic or clastogenic activities, despite of occasional positive findings in in vitro tests.
Positive findings have been traced to aminophenazine by-product impurities which are reduced in present manufacturing processes to amounts < 3.5 ppm, not inducing gene mutations in S.typhi. strains.
Carbendazim does not cause gene mutation or structural chromosome aberrations in in vivo tests for germ cell effects.
Carbendazim was positive in assays for numerical chromosome aberrations; these effects are related to the mechanicm of action of the fungicide. As a consequence cytokinesis is inhibited and aneuploidy is produced above a threshold concentration required for tubulin binding.
It appears reasonably to rely on the in vivo NOAEL of 50 mg/kg bw for the induction of aneuploidy. Unlike primary mutagens, carbendazim does not interact with DNA and does not cause gene mutations or structural chromosome aberrations.
With regard to the positive results in the above-mentioned assays and the threshold which could be estimated for aneuploidy, a classification of carbendazim as mutagen is supported.
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