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EC number: 209-608-2 | CAS number: 587-98-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: screening test, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Data is from peer reviewed journal
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from peer reviewed journal
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: As mentioned below principle
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Biodegradation study was conducted to determine the biodegradation of acid yellow-36 by using hybrid UASFB-aerobic bioreactor in wastewater.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - IUPAC Name: Sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate
- Comman name: Acid yellow-36
- Molecular formula : C18H15N3O3S.Na
- Molecular weight: 375.383 g/mol
- Smiles notation : c1(Nc2ccccc2)ccc(\N=N\c2cc(ccc2)S(=O)(=O)[O-])cc1.[Na+]
- InChl : 1S/C18H15N3O3S.Na/c22-25(23,24)18-8-4-7-17(13-18)21-20-16-11-9-15(10-12-16)19-14-5-2-1-3-6-14;/h1-13,19H,(H,22,23,24);/q;+1/p-1/b21-20+;
- Substance type:Organic
- Physical state:Solid - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic/anaerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: Methanogenic granular sludge/ Aerobic sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- Methanogenic granular sludge- from a full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor treating effluent of Delhi municipal wastewater treatment plant (Delhi) was used for this experiment.
Aerobic sludge- was collected alongside the effluent treatment plant of Heinz industries limited (Aligarh) - Duration of test (contact time):
- 150 d
- Initial conc.:
- > 1 - < 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: % Biodegradation
- Details on study design:
- Test conditions:
Composition of medium: Macro nutrient: NH4Cl (280), CaCl2.2H2O (10), K2HPO4 (250), MgSO4.7H2O (100), KH2PO4 (250) in mg/l.
Micro nutrient: H3BO3 (0.05), FeCl2.4H2O (2), ZnCl2 (0.05), MnCl2.4H2O (0.05), CuCl2.2H2O (0.03), NH4SeO3.5H2O (0.05), AlCl3.6H2O (2), NiCl.6H2O (0.05), and NaSeO3.5H2O (0.1) mg/l
Test temperature: 30-35°C.
Suspended solids concentration: 16 g of volatile suspended solids (VSS) L-1. - Reference substance:
- other: Sodium acetate
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: % Biodegradation
- Value:
- 18
- Sampling time:
- 10 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: no data
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: % Biodegradation
- Value:
- 30
- Sampling time:
- 30 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Inherently biodegradable
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: % Biodegradation
- Value:
- 65
- Sampling time:
- 60 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Inherently biodegradable
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: % Biodegradation
- Value:
- 85
- Sampling time:
- 90 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Inherently biodegadable
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: % Biodegradation
- Value:
- 95
- Sampling time:
- 120 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Inherently biodegradable
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: % Biodegradation
- Value:
- 98
- Sampling time:
- 150 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Inherently biodegradable
- Details on results:
- It is revealed from the results, the biodegradtion of Sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate shows 18% degradation in 10 days, 30% degradation in 30 days, 65% degradation in 60 days, 85% degradation in 90 days, 95% degradation in 120 days, and 98% degradation in 150 days respectively.
- Results with reference substance:
- Sodium acetate shows 80% biodegradation on 1st day and 100% biodegradation on 150th day.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- It is concluded from the results the test chemical sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate shows 98% biodegradation in 150 days clearly confirms the test chemical is inherently biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
In the present study, the biodegradation of sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate is carried out by using anaerobic (UASFB bioreactor)/aerobic (aerobic bioreactor) processes. Methanogenic granular sludge/Aerobic sludge were used as innoculum. Study period for the biodegradation is 150 days and the parameter used for the study is % Biodegradation. Two aromatic amines 4-ABS and p-ADPA are the biodegradation products of sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate, potentially formed by the anaerobic reduction of test chemical. Further 4-ABS was biodegraded aerobically, but degradation of p-ADPA doesn’t take place. Biodegradation products were confirmed with the help of HPLC and UV spectroscopic methods. The given test chemical was considered to be not readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions but this dye readily decolorized in anaerobic conditions. As per the results obtained sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate shows 98% biodegradation in 150 days,which confirms the test chemical is inherently biodegradable.
Reference
Table 1
Operational parameters and results of the hybrid UASFB-aerobic bioreactor (average value).
Parameter |
Unit |
Operational parameters |
||||||||||||||
Period |
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd |
4th |
5th |
6th |
7th |
8th |
9th |
10th |
11th |
12th |
13th |
14th |
15th |
Days |
|
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
130 |
140 |
150 |
aSodium acetate |
g COD L-1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
AY-36 |
mg L-1 |
1 |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
HRT |
h |
24 |
22.5 |
20 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
22.5 |
24 |
24 |
22.5 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
24 |
Efficiencies in hybrid UASFB bioreactor |
||||||||||||||||
aSodium acetate |
% Removal |
80 |
92 |
98 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
AY-36 |
% Removal |
18 |
27 |
30 |
37 |
57 |
65 |
72 |
74 |
85 |
87 |
92 |
95 |
97 |
96 |
98 |
4-ABS |
% Formation |
0 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
8 |
14 |
23 |
27 |
33 |
42 |
51 |
53 |
50 |
54 |
55 |
Efficiencies in aerobic bioreactor |
||||||||||||||||
4-ABS |
% Removal |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
8 |
13 |
22 |
25 |
31 |
39 |
43 |
57 |
65 |
68 |
P-ADPA |
% Removal |
No removal |
aAnhydrous Sodium acetate used as a co substrate 1 g = 780 mgO2/L.
Description of key information
In the present study, the biodegradation ofsodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonateis carried out by using anaerobic (UASFB bioreactor)/aerobic (aerobic bioreactor) processes (Rais Ahmad et. al, 2010). Methanogenic granular sludge/Aerobic sludge were used as innoculum. Study period for the biodegradation is 150 days and the parameter used for the study is % Biodegradation. Two aromatic amines 4-ABS and p-ADPA are the biodegradation products of sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate, potentially formed by the anaerobic reduction of test chemical. Further 4-ABS was biodegraded aerobically, but degradation of p-ADPA doesn’t take place. Biodegradation products were confirmed with the help of HPLC and UV spectroscopic methods. The given test chemical was considered to be not readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions but this dye readily decolorized in anaerobic conditions. As per the results obtainedsodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate shows 98% biodegradation in 150 days,which confirms the test chemical is inherently biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- inherently biodegradable
Additional information
Various experimental studies for the target compound sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate (CAS No. 587-98-4) were reviewed for the biodegradation end point which are summarized as below:
In an experimental study from peer reviewed journal (Rais Ahmad et. al, 2010), the biodegradation of sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate is carried out by using anaerobic (UASFB bioreactor)/aerobic (aerobic bioreactor) processes. Methanogenic granular sludge/Aerobic sludge were used as inoculum. Study period for the biodegradation is 150 days and the parameter used for the study is % Biodegradation. Two aromatic amines 4-ABS and p-ADPA are the biodegradation products of sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate, potentially formed by the anaerobic reduction of test chemical. Further 4-ABS was biodegraded aerobically, but degradation of p-ADPA doesn’t take place. Biodegradation products were confirmed with the help of HPLC and UV spectroscopic methods. The given test chemical was considered to be not readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions but this dye readily decolorized in anaerobic conditions. As per the results obtained sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate shows 98% biodegradation in 150 days, which confirms the test chemicalsodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonateis inherently biodegradable.
Another biodegradation experiment under anaerobic conditions was performed for chemical sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate at 35oC and initial concentration of chemical taken was 100mg/L for 7 days (D. Brown and B. Hamburger, 1987). By spectrophotometric analysis 97% degradation was observed in 7 days. The metabolite formed after degradation of sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate are 3-aminobenzenesul phonic acid and N-phenyl- I ,4-diaminobenzene. From these metabolites 3-aminobenzenesul phonic acid was again subjected to biodegradation but aerobically and it showed more than 75 % degradation in 8 days. So it is concluded that sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate is readily biodegradable.
In a supporting study from peer reviewed journal (U. Pagga and O. Brown, 1986), the aerobic biodegradation experiment was performed for chemical sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate (CAS no.587-98-4) using activated sludge at concentration 0.5 g/L dry material as inoculums and initial concentration of chemical taken was 100mg/L for 42 days. By considering DOC removal parameter test chemical showed 11% degradation in 7 days. This percentage value is very less So it is concluded that sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate (CAS no. 587-98-4) is not readily biodegradable.
It is clear that sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate is not degradable under aerobic conditions but it undergoes degradation under anaerobic conditions. Thus, based on theexperimental study from peer reviewed journal (2010), it can be concluded that the chemical sodium 3-[(4-anilinophenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate can be expected to be inherently biodegradable in nature.
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