1,1-difluoroethane

Guidance on Safe Use

First-aid measures

Inhalation - Remove patient from exposure, keep warm and at rest. Administer

oxygen if necessary. Apply artificial respiration if breathing has ceased or

shows signs of failing. In the event of cardiac arrest apply external

cardiac massage. Obtain immediate medical attention.

Skin Contact - Thaw affected areas with water. Remove contaminated clothing. Caution:

clothing may adhere to the skin in the case of freeze burns. After contact

with skin, wash immediately with plenty of warm water. If irritation or

blistering occur obtain medical attention.

Eye Contact - Immediately irrigate with eyewash solution or clean water, holding the

eyelids apart, for at least 10 minutes. Obtain immediate medical attention.

Ingestion - Unlikely route of exposure. Do not induce vomiting. Provided the patient

is conscious, wash out mouth with water and give 200-300 ml (half a pint)

of water to drink. Obtain immediate medical attention.

Further Medical Treatment - Symptomatic treatment and supportive therapy as indicated. Adrenaline

and similar sympathomimetic drugs should be avoided following exposure

as cardiac arrhythmia may result with possible subsequent cardiac arrest.

Fire-fighting measures

General - Extremely flammable.

Certain mixtures of HFCs and chlorine may be flammable or reactive

under certain conditions.

Extinguishing media - Allow gas fires to burn until exhausted.

Keep fire exposed containers cool by spraying with water.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture -

Combustion or thermal decomposition will evolve very toxic and corrosive

vapours. ( hydrogen fluoride )

Containers may burst if overheated.

Advice for firefighters - A self contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing must be

worn in fire conditions.

Accidental release measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment

and emergency procedures -

Ensure suitable personal protection (including respiratory protection)

during removal of spillages.

Environmental precautions - Prevent liquid from entering drains, sewers, basements and workpits

since the vapour may create an explosive or suffocating atmosphere.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up -

Eliminate sources of ignition.

Provided it is safe to do so, isolate the source of the leak. Allow small

spillages to evaporate provided there is adequate ventilation.

Large spillages: Ventilate area. Contain spillages with sand, earth or any

suitable adsorbent material. Prevent liquid from entering drains, sewers,

basements and workpits since the vapour may create an explosive or

suffocating atmosphere.

Handling and storage

Precautions for safe handling -

Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. Take precautionary

measures against static discharges.

Avoid inhalation of high concentrations of vapours. Atmospheric levels

should be controlled in compliance with the occupational exposure limit.

Atmospheric concentrations well below the occupational exposure limit

can be achieved by good occupational hygiene practice.

The vapour is heavier than air, high concentrations may be produced at

low levels where general ventilation is poor, in such cases provide

adequate ventilation or wear suitable respiratory protective equipment

with positive air supply.

Avoid contact between the liquid and skin and eyes.

Avoid venting to atmosphere.

Process Hazards -

Liquid refrigerant transfers between refrigerant containers and to and

from systems can result in static generation. Ensure adequate earthing.

Certain mixtures of HFCs and chlorine may be flammable or reactive

under certain conditions.

Care must be taken to mitigate the risk of developing high pressures in

systems caused by a temperature rise when liquid is trapped between

closed valves or in cases where containers have been overfilled.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities -

Keep in a well ventilated place away from fire risk and avoid sources of

heat such as electric or steam radiators.

Avoid storing near to the intake of air conditioning units, boiler units and

open drains.

Transport information

Land transport (UN RTDG/ADR/RID)

UN number:

1030

Shipping information

Proper shipping name and description:

1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 152a)

Language:

English

Labels:

2.1

SpecialProvisions

Inland waterway transport (UN RTDG/ADN(R))

UN number:

1030

Shipping information

Proper shipping name and description:

1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 152a)

Language:

English

Labels:

2.1

Remarks

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

UN number:

1030

Shipping information

Proper shipping name and description:

1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 152a)

Labels:

2.1

Remarks

Air transport (UN RTDG/ICAO/IATA)

UN number:

1030

Shipping information

Proper shipping name and description:

1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 152a)

Labels:

2.1

Remarks

SpecialProvisions

Exposure controls / personal protection

Occupational expousre limit - 1000 ppm LTEL (8 hr TWA) - Company Standard

Appropriate engineering controls - Provide adequate ventilation. Atmospheric levels should be controlled in

compliance with the proposed occupational exposure limit.

Personal protection equipment - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.

Respirators -

In cases of insufficient ventilation, where exposure to high concentrations

of vapour is possible, suitable respiratory protective equipment with

positive air supply should be used.

Eye Protection -

Wear protective eyewear (goggles, face shield, or safety glasses).

Gloves -

Wear thermal insulating gloves when handling liquefied gases.

Stability and reactivity

Reactivity - See Possibility of hazardous reactions

Chemical stability - Stable under normal conditions.

Possibility of hazardous reactions - Certain mixtures of HFCs and chlorine may be flammable or reactive

under certain conditions. Incompatible materials: finely divided metals , magnesium and alloys

containing more than 2% magnesium . Can react violently if in contact

with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals - sodium , potassium , barium .

May react violently with oxidising agents.

Conditions to avoid - Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.

Incompatible materials - finely divided metals , alkali metals ( sodium , potassium ) , alkaline earth

metals ( barium , magnesium ) , alloys containing more than 2% magnesium

Hazardous decomposition products - hydrogen fluoride by thermal decomposition and hydrolysis.

Disposal considerations

Waste treatment methods - Best to recover and recycle. If this is not possible, destruction is to be in

an approved facility which is equipped to absorb and neutralise acid

gases and other toxic processing products.

Regulatory Information - Disposal should be in accordance with local, state or national legislation.