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EC number: 469-300-0 | CAS number: 63675-73-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- June 2006 to Feb 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 469-300-0
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 63675-73-0
- Molecular formula:
- Hill Empirical Formula: C16H16O3S CAS Empirical Formula: C16H16O3S
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[(3-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl]ethan-1-one
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Lot no: 151105Purity - 101.39%
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Daphnia magna were exposed to the nominal concentrations in a static-renewal system for 48 hours with a renewal of test media at 24 hours.At 0 and 24 hours, nominal 10 and 100mg/l test media were prepared by direct addition fo Beta Ketosulfide to daphnia dilution water (ASTM) with acetone as a solvent carrier (100uL/L).The 100mg/l test medium was filtered (0.45um filter), to prepare the nominal 2.60mg/l test medium (the practical solubility limit of the compound). The remaining test media were prepared by serial d ilution fo the 2.60mg/l. Acetone was added to each serially diluted test media to ensure equivalent solvent loading rates (0.1mL/L) in all treatments. Two controls: Solvent (ASTM + 0.1mL/L acetone) and an ASTM only control, were also prepared.Four test vessels were prepared for each treatment (including the control treatment), each containing 100 ml of test medium and five juvenile (<24 hours old). D. magna animals were observed at 24 and 48 hours for immobilitsation and were not fed for the duration of the test,Samples for analysis were taken at 0 and 24 hours from new test media and at 24 and 48 hours from pooled replicate samples of old test media. Daphnia were transferred into fresh media following observations each day for the duration of the test.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Acetone
- Details on test solutions:
- The dilution water used was ASTM. The definitive test was conducted at nominal exposure concentrations of 0.10, 0.22,0.50, 1.20, 2.60, 10 and 100 mg/L as Beta Ketosulfide.New test media at 10 mg/L were prepared at 0 and 24 hours by direct addition of 9.95 and 10.04 mg of Beta Ketosulfide, respectively, to glass weigh boats. Acetone (100 µL) was added to each weighing. The acetone solution was then rinsed into a 1 litre volumetric flask and made up to volume with ASTM water.New test media at 100 mg/L were prepared at 0 and 24 hours by direct addition of 200.02 and 200.07 mg of Beta Ketosulfide (respectively) to glass weigh boats. Acetone (200 µL} was added to each weighing. The acetone solution was then rinsed into a 2 litre volumetric flask and made up to volume with ASTM water.The flask contents at 0 and 24 hours, were pre-treated with 30 minutes ultrasound treatment and stirred in the dark for approximately 1 hour.After stirring, the nominal 2.60 mg/L test medium (practical solubility limit for this test) was prepared by filtering I 000 ml of the I 00 mg/L test medium through a 0.45 µm filter. The remaining test media were prepared by serial dilution the 2.60 mg!L test medium. Aliquots of acetone were added to each serially diluted test media to ensure equivalent solvent loading rates (0.1 mUL) in all treatments.Two controls; a solvent (ASTM water+ 0.1 mUL acetone) control and an ASTM only control, were also prepared.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Juvenile Daplmia magna (Straus), less than 24 hours old, were taken from parental cultures (aged 32 days) held and maintained at Covance Laboratories Ltd. The culture was originally obtained from The Environment Agency, Portsmouth.
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- other: ASTM Standard hard water
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- At 24 hours, in the nominal 10 and 100 mg/L unfiltered test media, 20 and 5% immobility was recorded respectively. At 48 hours, 40 and 15% immobility was recorded respectively.
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- ca. 174 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- ca. 20C
- pH:
- 7-8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 92 to 99%
- Salinity:
- not measured
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The respective geometric mean measured total concentrations were 0.100, 0.222, 0.514, 1.25, 2. 71, 5.13 and 58.2 mg/L, corresponding to 100, 101, 103, 104, 104, 51.3 and 58.2% of the nominal Beta Ketosulfide concentrations, respectively. When the nominal treatment level of 10 mg/L was filtered before it was analysed, the mean measured total concentration was 0.825 mg/L instead of the unfiltered concentration of 5.13 mg/L. The two highest treatments had significant amounts of suspended materials present.
- Details on test conditions:
- The test was performed as a 48-hour semi-static (with renewal of test media at 24 hours) definitive test. Four replicate test vessels were prepared for each nominal and control treatment. Five juvenile D. magna (<24 hours old) were added to each replicate vessel, using a wide bore glass pipette to avoid damaging the animals during transfer. The D. magna were not fed during the test.After approximately 24 and 48 hours, the D. magna in each test vessel were observed for evidence of immobility.A D. magna was considered immobile if, when the contents of the test vessel were briefly agitated, the animals did not swim during a 15-second period of observation. The observations differentiated between animals immobilised and submerged in the body of the test media and those that were immobilised and held at the surface of the test media. The observations were perfonned before the animals were transferred to new media at 24 hours.The pH, dissolved oxygen concentration(% ASV) and individual test vessel temperatures were determined in new test media at the start of the test and at 24 hours and in old test media at 24 and 48 hours. Temperature was also monitored continuously during the test (digital (minimax) therm ometer) in an additional vessel maintained in the study area. The total hardness and alkalinity of the freshly prepared ASTM medium was determined at the start of the test. The test was conducted with a 16-hour light: 8-hour dark photoperiod.Chemical AnalysisSamples (20 ml, unfiltered) were taken for chemical analysis from all treatments, at the start of the test (from the test medium preparation flasks) and at the end of each exposure period (from pooled replicate samples). An additional filtered sample (0.45µm filter) of the 10 mg/L test media was also taken on each occasion.Data Presentation and AnalysisThe toxicity results have been expressed in terms of measured concentrations of Beta Ketosulfide. As no significant levels of immobility occurred, statistical analysis was not required.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 2.71 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 2.71 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 2.71 mg/L
- Details on results:
- The numbers of immobilised Daplmia magna at 24 and 48 hours, following exposure to Beta Ke tosulfide are presented below in table 1 and 2.No immobility was observed in the control treatments during the test. At measured concentrations up to 2.71 mg/L, no significant levels of immobility were recorded. A single daphnid was found to be immobile at the 0.10, 0.22, and 2.71 mg/L treatment levels.Since these results did not exceed 10% and were not related to concentration, they were not co nsidered to be related to treatment with Beta Ketosulfide.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Immobilisation of D Magna after 24 hours exposure to Beta Ketosulfide during the definitive test
Mobile Daphnia | Immobile Daphnia | ||||
Mean measured Total Beta Ketosulfide Conc. (mg/L) | No. of Daphnia magna exposed | Bottom | Surface | Bottom | Surface |
Control | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
Solvent Control | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
0.10 | 20 | 19 | - | 1 | - |
0.22 | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
0.51 | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
1.25 | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
*2.71 | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
**5.13+ | 20 | 16 | - | 4 | - |
**58.2 | 20 | 19 | - | 1 | - |
Table 2: Immobilisation of D Magna after 48 hours exposure to Beta Ketosulfide during the definitive test
Mobile Daphnia | Immobile Daphnia | ||||
Mean measured Total Beta Ketosulfide Conc. (mg/L) | No. of Daphnia magna exposed | Bottom | Surface | Bottom | Surface |
Control | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
Solvent Control | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
0.10 | 20 | 19 | - | 1 | - |
0.22 | 20 | 19 | - | 1 | - |
0.51 | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
1.25 | 20 | 20 | - | - | - |
*2.71 | 20 | 19 | - | 1 | - |
**5.13+ | 20 | 12 | - | 8 | - |
**58.2 | 20 | 17 | - | 3 | - |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the results or this study, the 24 and 48 hour EC50 toxicity values are both considered to be greater than a nominal concentration of 100 mg/Land a mean measured soluble concentration of 2.71 mg/L.The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) at 24 and 48 hours was considered to be >= 2.71 mg! L, the highest soluble concentration of Beta Ketosulfide in this study.
- Executive summary:
The study was conducted in accordance with the requirements of OECD Chemicals Testing Guideline
No. 202 Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation test (adopted April 13 2004).
The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) at 24 and 48 hours was considered to be >= 2.71mg/L, the highest soluble concentration of Beta Ketosulfide in this study.
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