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EC number: 274-307-5 | CAS number: 70084-85-4 The complex residuum produced by the distillation of tallow fatty acids. It contains primarily glycerides, C16-20 saturated fatty acids, C36 dimer acid, C54 trimer acid and heavier polymeric acids.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
The
ready biodegradability of fatty acids, hydrogenated tallow, distn.
residues is assessed in a weight of evidence approach based on the
results of the fatty acid structures contained in the substance.
According to the Substance Identity Profile palmitic acid (C16, CAS no.
57-10-3), stearic acid (C18, CAS no. 57-11-4) and oleic acid (C18’, CAS
no. 112-80-1) are the most representative structures for fatty acids,
hydrogenated tallow, distn. residues.
Experimental data as well as QSAR predictions on ready biodegradability
were considered to deduce the biodegradability.
Palmitic
acid was tested according to the ISO 10708 (BODIS test) which is
apparently similar to the “closed bottle test”, OECD 301 D. Three
replicates with palmitic acid at concentrations of 100 mg/L COD were
incubated with non-adapted activated sludge. The oxygen consumption was
monitored during the 28 day test period. The results clearly showed that
palmitic acid was degraded by 65% in average at day 28 (Börner, 1994).
According to the opinion of the SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS on “Compatibility of the ISO standard 10708
(biodegradability test method) with the ultimate biodegradability
requirements imposed through Annex III of Regulation 648/2004 of
Parliament and of the Council”, the BODIS-Test/ISO 10708 shows the same
variability and biodegradation results obtained with other OECD
screening tests (SCHER, 2005). Since the pass criterion of 60%
degradation within 28 days of the ISO 10708 is consistent with those
obtained with the OECD ready biodegradability methods, palmitic acid can
be regarded as readily biodegradable.
Stearic
acid, saturated was tested by Bogers (1989) for its ready
biodegradability according to OECD 301B and GLP. At concentrations of 10
and 20 mg/L the determined degradation values were 72% and 71%,
respectively at test termination (28 d). The pass criterion for ready
biodegradability (60% degradation has to be reached within 10 days once
exceeded 10% degradation) was barely missed. Since the sampling interval
was not as narrow as recommended by the OECD guideline (sampling every
second day, followed by sampling every fifth day) this might have led to
the barely missing of the 10-day window.
Reliable results of the QSAR model BIOWIN V.4.10 (EPI Suite, 2010)
predicts ready biodegradability for stearic acid.
Coenen
(1991) conducted a GLP study according to OECD 301B. After 28 d 93% and
75% of oleic acid were biodegraded at concentrations of 10 mg/L and 20
mg/L, respectively und thus pass the 60% degradation level. Furthermore,
at the lower test concentration of 10 mg/L the 10 day window was met.
According to the criteria for ready biodegradation oleic acid
(9-Octadecenoic acid, (Z)-) is readily biodegradable. Since the
reference substance itself failed the pass criterion for validity (60%
degradation was not reached within 14 d), the study should had been
repeated.
Reliable results of the QSAR model BIOWIN V.4.10 (EPI Suite, 2010)
predicts ready biodegradability for oleic acid.
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