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EC number: 220-293-0 | CAS number: 2706-28-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- calculation (if not (Q)SAR)
- Remarks:
- Migrated phrase: estimated by calculation
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Estimated data generated using the EPI Suite model developed by the USEPA
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Modelling database
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- BIOWIN estimates the probability of rapid aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of an organic compound in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. BIOWIN contains seven separate models. This version (v4.10) designates the models as follows (see also Boethling et al. 2003):
Biowin1 = linear probability model
Biowin2 = nonlinear probability model
Biowin3 = expert survey ultimate biodegradation model
Biowin4 = expert survey primary biodegradation model
Biowin5 = MITI linear model
Biowin6 = MITI nonlinear model
Biowin7 = anaerobic biodegradation model
Biodegradability estimates are based upon fragment constants that were developed using multiple linear or non-linear regression analyses, depending on the model. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Oxygen conditions:
- other: aerobic (Biowin 1-6) and anaerobic (Biowin 7)
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: mixed populations of environmental microorganisms
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 2.259 wk
- Details on study design:
- Using the computer tool BIOWIN v4.10 by US-EPA (EPIWIN) the aerobic as well as the anaerobic biodegradability of the test material can be estimated. The follwoing seven different models are used by the tool: Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI LInear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (calles Biowin 1-7, respectively). Due to this results the overall prediction of readily biodegradability is done for the desired chemical.
- Parameter:
- other: Half-life
- Value:
- 50
- Sampling time:
- 2.259 wk
- Remarks on result:
- other: Other details not known
- Details on results:
- Biowin1 (Linear Model Prediction) : -0.3457: Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model Prediction): 0.0000: Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin3 (Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe): 2.2586: Weeks-Months
Biowin4 (Primary Biodegradation Timeframe): 3.2142: Weeks
Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model Prediction) : -0.4528: Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model Prediction): 0.0000: Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin7 (Anaerobic Model Prediction): -0.8634: Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: NO - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- The screening test ready biodegradability of the substance was calculated using the software BIOWIN v4.10.
The results indicate that C.I. Acid Yellow 9 is not expected to be readily biodegradable. - Executive summary:
Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2016) was run to predict the biodegradation potential of the test compound C.I. Acid Yellow 9 (CAS no. 2706 -28 -7). The screening tests ready biodegradability of the test substance was calculated using the software BIOWIN v4.10. The results indicate
that C.I. Acid Yellow 9 is not expected to be readily biodegradable in nature.
Reference
BIOWIN (v4.10) Program Results:
==============================
SMILES : S(=O)(=O)(O)c1c(N)ccc(N=Nc2ccc(S(=O)(=O)O)cc2)c1
CHEM : Benzenesulfonic acid, 2-amino-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-, disodium salt
MOL FOR: C12 H11 N3 O6 S2
MOL WT : 357.36
--------------------------- BIOWIN v4.10 Results ----------------------------
Biowin1 (Linear Model Prediction) : Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model Prediction): Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin3 (Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe): Weeks-Months
Biowin4 (Primary Biodegradation Timeframe): Weeks
Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model Prediction) : Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model Prediction): Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Biowin7 (Anaerobic Model Prediction): Does Not Biodegrade Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: NO
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin1 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aromatic amine [-NH2 or -NH-] | -0.2338 | -0.2338
Frag | 2 | Sulfonic acid / salt -> aromatic attach | -0.2238 | -0.4475
Frag | 1 | Azo group [-N=N-] | -0.2418 | -0.2418
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.1701
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 0.7475
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin1 (Linear Biodeg Probability) | | -0.3457
============+============================================+=========+=========
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin2 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aromatic amine [-NH2 or -NH-] | -1.9070 | -1.9070
Frag | 2 | Sulfonic acid / salt -> aromatic attach | -1.0283 | -2.0566
Frag | 1 | Azo group [-N=N-] | -8.2194 | -8.2194
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -5.0745
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin2 (Non-Linear Biodeg Probability) | | 0.0000
============+============================================+=========+=========
A Probability Greater Than or Equal to 0.5 indicates --> Biodegrades Fast
A Probability Less Than 0.5 indicates --> Does NOT Biodegrade Fast
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin3 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aromatic amine [-NH2 or -NH-] | -0.1349 | -0.1349
Frag | 2 | Sulfonic acid / salt -> aromatic attach | 0.1422 | 0.2844
Frag | 1 | Azo group [-N=N-] | -0.3004 | -0.3004
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.7897
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 3.1992
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin3 (Survey Model - Ultimate Biodeg) | | 2.2586
============+============================================+=========+=========
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin4 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aromatic amine [-NH2 or -NH-] | -0.1084 | -0.1084
Frag | 2 | Sulfonic acid / salt -> aromatic attach | 0.0216 | 0.0432
Frag | 1 | Azo group [-N=N-] | -0.0528 | -0.0528
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.5156
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 3.8477
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin4 (Survey Model - Primary Biodeg) | | 3.2142
============+============================================+=========+=========
Result Classification: 5.00 -> hours 4.00 -> days 3.00 -> weeks
(Primary & Ultimate) 2.00 -> months 1.00 -> longer
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin5 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aromatic amine [-NH2 or -NH-] | -0.1577 | -0.1577
Frag | 2 | Sulfonic acid / salt -> aromatic attach | 0.0221 | 0.0443
Frag | 1 | Azo group [-N=N-] | -0.0459 | -0.0459
Frag | 7 | Aromatic-H | 0.0082 | 0.0575
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -1.0631
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 0.7121
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin5 (MITI Linear Biodeg Probability) | | -0.4528
============+============================================+=========+=========
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin6 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aromatic amine [-NH2 or -NH-] | -1.2264 | -1.2264
Frag | 2 | Sulfonic acid / salt -> aromatic attach | 0.6780 | 1.3561
Frag | 1 | Azo group [-N=N-] |-10.6129 |-10.6129
Frag | 7 | Aromatic-H | 0.1201 | 0.8410
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | |-10.3165
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT |Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Biodeg Probability)| | 0.0000
============+============================================+=========+=========
A Probability Greater Than or Equal to 0.5 indicates --> Readily Degradable
A Probability Less Than 0.5 indicates --> NOT Readily Degradable
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin7 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aromatic amine [-NH2 or -NH-] | -0.2778 | -0.2778
Frag | 2 | Sulfonic acid / salt -> aromatic attach | -0.3768 | -0.7537
Frag | 1 | Azo group [-N=N-] | 0.0000 | 0.0000
Frag | 7 | Aromatic-H | -0.0954 | -0.6680
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 0.8361
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Biodeg Prob) | | -0.8634
============+============================================+=========+=========
A Probability Greater Than or Equal to 0.5 indicates --> Biodegrades Fast
A Probability Less Than 0.5 indicates --> Does NOT Biodegrade Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: (YES or NO)
----------------------------------------------
Criteria for the YES or NO prediction: If the Biowin3 (ultimate survey
model) result is "weeks" or faster (i.e. "days", "days to weeks", or
"weeks" AND the Biowin5 (MITI linear model) probability is >= 0.5, then
the prediction is YES (readily biodegradable). If this condition is not
satisfied, the prediction is NO (not readily biodegradable). This method
is based on application of Bayesian analysis to ready biodegradation data
(see Help). Biowin5 and 6 also predict ready biodegradability, but for
degradation in the OECD301C test only; using data from the Chemicals
Evaluation and Research Institute Japan (CERIJ) database.
Description of key information
Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2016) was run to predict the biodegradation potential of the test compound C.I. Acid Yellow 9 (CAS no. 2706 -28 -7). The screening tests ready biodegradability of the test substance was calculated using the software BIOWIN v4.10. The results indicatethat C.I. Acid Yellow 9 is not expected to be readily biodegradable in nature.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
Various data for the test compoundC.I. Acid Yellow 9(CAS No. 2706-28-7)and the study for its read across substance were reviewed for the biodegradation end point which are summarized as below:
Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2016) was run to predict the biodegradation potential of the test compound C.I. Acid Yellow 9 (CAS no. 2706 -28 -7). The screening tests ready biodegradability of the test substance was calculated using the software BIOWIN v4.10. The results indicatethat C.I. Acid Yellow 9 is not expected to be readily biodegradable in nature.
Degradation of Disodium 2-amino-5-[(4-sulphonatophenyl)azo]benzenesulphonate was performed for 28 days according to the OECD TG 302 B guideline (GSBL database, 2016). Concentration of inoculum i.e, activated sludge used was 0.2 g/l. No degradation of test substance was determined by DOC removal parameter in 28 days. Thus, the substance Disodium 2-amino-5-[(4-sulphonatophenyl)azo]benzenesulphonate is not expected to be readily biodegradable in nature.
Biodegradation study was carried out (U. Pagga and O. Brown, 1986) for 42 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradation of the test chemical C. I. Acid Yellow 36using modified OECD Guideline 302B.Activated sludge was used as an inoculum. The sources of the activated sludge were treatment plants conveniently located to the laboratories carrying out the test. These treatment plants received communal and/or industrial wastewater. Concentration of inoculum i.e, activated sludge used was 0.5 g/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l.
Analytical methods involve the measurement of extinction at absorption maximum 412 nm and DOC (dissolved organic carbon).The percentage degradation of test substance was found to be 11% by DOC removal. Based on the limit values for classification of Static Test – the test chemical was classified in CATEGORY ‘D’. Thus, the substance C. I. Acid Yellow 36 is not expected to be not readily biodegradable in water.
Biodegradation study was conducted (GREIM H, et.al; 1994) for 28 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance Amsonic acid disodium salt. The study was performed according toOECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test). The percentage degradation of test substance was determined to be < 10% in 28 days. Thus, the substance Amsonic acid disodium salt is not expected to be readily biodegradable in water.
Biodegradation study was conducted (EnviChem, 2014) for 14 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis[5-amino-, sodium salt. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l. No degradation of test substance was found by BOD in 14 days. Thus, the substance Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis[5-amino-, sodium salt is not expected to be readily biodegradable in water.
On the basis of above results for target and read across substance, it can be concluded that the test substanceC.I. Acid Yellow 9can be expected to be not readily biodegradable in nature.
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