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EC number: 271-985-4 | CAS number: 68648-28-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From August 04, 1997 to August 08, 1997
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- GLP - The test solution is prepared without removing undissolved test substance. No analytical monitoring of the test substance is performed. No reference substance is tested.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Reference substance is not tested. Not all fishes surveyed were 2.0 ± 1.0 cm in length. Temperatures temporally exceed the recommended range of 21 - 25 °C by 2 °C.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Reference substance is not tested. Not all fishes surveyed were 2.0 ± 1.0 cm in length. Temperatures temporally exceed the recommended range of 21 - 25 °C by 2 °C.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION:
- Method: At 0 h 1.25 g of the test substance was weighted and dispersed in 5 litres of hot (~60 °C) carbon filtered tap water by high shear mixing at 15000 rpm for 15 min in a 5 litre conical flask to maximise the shearing effect of the blade. This gave a 250 mg/L stock. The stock was prepared daily then the test media prepared by appropriate dilution of the stock.
- Controls: yes, water control - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: zebra fish
- Source: bred in-house
- Length at study initiation (mean): 3.7 cm (fish from control tank surveyed at the end of the test)
- Weight at study initiation (mean): 0.48 g (fish from control tank surveyed at the end of the test )
- Method of breeding: They were reared in carbon-filtered tap-water and maintained under the following conditions: pH 6.5 - 8.0, temperature 25 ± 2 °C, dissolved oxygen > 60% saturated (> 4.8 mg/L) and photoperiod 16 h light: 8 h dark. Variability of total hardness results from natural fluctuations in tap water supply (normal range 90 - 150 mg/L as CaCO3). Disturbance was kept to a minimum except from feeding and maintenance activities. The fish were fed on live and proprietary fish food (Artemia and Tetramin).
- Batch: 47Z
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 72 h
- Acclimation conditions: The test fish were isolated and all fish get no food 24 h prior to the start of the test. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 118 - 123 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 23.5 - 27.0°C
- pH:
- 7.3 - 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 4.9 - 7.5 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: tank
- Material: all-glass, size: 6 L, fill volume: 5 L
- Aeration: All vessels were aerated.
- Renewal rate of test solution: every 24 h
- No. of organisms per concentration: 7
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: carbon-filtered tap water
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations were determined daily at all concentrations. The total hardness was determined daily in both old and new media from the control and top concentration only.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/ 8 h dark
- Light intensity: normal room lighting
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Mortality was observed after 96 h (futher observations not stated) and abnormalities in swimming activity and loss of balance were observed daily. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: No visible abnormalities were observed and the fish behaviour was unaffected at any of the concentrations.
- Mortality of control: none - Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
No mortalities were observed at any of the test concentrations.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC50 was determined to be >100 mg/L and the NOEC for was 100 mg/L (nominal).
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of pentaerythritol tetraisostearate to Danio rerio (zebra fish) under semi-static conditions according to OECD Guideline203, in compliance with GLP. The substance was tested at the nominal concentrations of 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L. No analytical dose verification was conducted. The validity criteria for the study were met. No mortality was observed in the control or test substance group. Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC50 in zebra fish was determined to be >100 mg/L and the NOEC for was 100 mg/L (nominal) (van Egmond, 1997).
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- Not available
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: 5.1.1 "Acute toxicity for Fish" of the EEC-Directive 79/831
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish
- Strain: Barachydanio rerio (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)
- Source: West Aquarium GmbH
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 2 months
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions: The fish were held together in a glass tank (200 L). Reconstituted water was used as holding water (according to OECD-guideline 203)
- Type and amount of food: Tetra Min(R) Hauptfutter (Art. no. 1004 DN, produced by Tetra-Werke). The amount was regulated according to the actual consumption observed
- Feeding frequency: Twice daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): All were in good health and condition, no mortality - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Test temperature:
- Between 21 and 25°C
- pH:
- 6.0 to 8.5
- Dissolved oxygen:
- >60%
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100 and 1000 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: length 300 mm, with 200 mm and height 220 mm
- Aeration: an aquarium aerators, brand Optima (Art. no. A 10007, produced by Weltweit GmbH & Co. KG, D- 2081) were used for continuous aeration
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10 - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: None
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: None
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: no deaths
- Other adverse effects control: none
- Abnormal responses: no - Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC0 and LC50 were > 1000 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity of glycerides, C16-18 and C18-unsatd. (in the form of alkali-refined linseed oil) to Zebra fish (Danio rerio) according to OECD Guideline 203. Fish were exposed in separate test batches to different concentration (100 and 1000 mg/L) of the substance over a period of 96 h (each tank with 10 fish). Observations were made at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h for the mortality rates, abnormal symptoms in the swimming behaviour, in visible physiological functions as well as in the outward appearance of the test fish. Fish were considered dead if touching of the caudal peduncle produced no reaction and if no breathing movements could be observed. Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC0 and LC50 in Zebra fish were > 1000 mg/L (nominal) (Dommröse, 1988).
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Acute toxicity to fish was assessed based on toxicity studies for substances representative of the main constituents, which can be categorised as pentaerythritol esters (PE) and glycerol esters (GE). The results are presented below:
Pentaerythritol esters (PE)
A study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of pentaerythritol tetraisostearate to Danio rerio (zebra fish) under semi-static conditions according to OECD Guideline203, in compliance with GLP. The substance was tested at the nominal concentrations of 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L. No analytical dose verification was conducted. The validity criteria for the study were met. No mortality was observed in the control or test substance group. Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC50 in Zebra fish was determined to be >100 mg/L and the NOEC for was ≥100 mg/L (nominal) (van Egmond, 1997).
Glycerol esters (GE)
A study was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity of glycerides, C16-18 and C18-unsatd. (in the form of alkali-refined linseed oil) to Zebra fish (Danio rerio) according to OECD Guideline 203. Fish were exposed in separate test batches to different concentration (100 and 1000 mg/L) of the substance over a period of 96 h (each tank with 10 fish). Observations were made at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h for the mortality rates, abnormal symptoms in the swimming behaviour, in visible physiological functions as well as in the outward appearance of the test fish. Fish were considered dead if touching of the caudal peduncle produced no reaction and if no breathing movements could be observed. Under the study conditions, the 96 h LC0 and LC50 in Zebra fish were > 1000 mg/L (nominal) (Dommröse, 1988).
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