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EC number: 204-445-3 | CAS number: 121-03-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro cytogenicity / chromosome aberration study in mammalian cells
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
- Report date:
- 2010
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 473 (In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-nitrotoluene-2-sulphonic acid
- EC Number:
- 204-445-3
- EC Name:
- 4-nitrotoluene-2-sulphonic acid
- Cas Number:
- 121-03-9
- Molecular formula:
- C7H7NO5S
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-methyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79)
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9-mix prepared from sprague Dawlay rat livers, induced with phenobarbital and 5,6-benzoflavone
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- without S9-mix
0, 550, 1100, 2200 µg/ml (short-term and continuous exposure)
with S9-mix
0, 550, 1100, 2200 µg/ml (short-term exposure) - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: saline
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- cyclophosphamide
- mitomycin C
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- Two independent experiments were performed. In each experimental group two parallele cultures were set up.
Preliminary test (cell growth inhibition test)
The cells were disseminated in cell culture multi-plates, and the test substance fluid was treated on the 3rd day after the culture. In case of continuous treatment, the treatment was carried out continuously for 24 or 48 hours, and in the short-term treatment, the fluid was treated for 6 hours in the absence (-S9 mix) or presence (+S9 mix) of S9 mix, then with fresh culture fluid replaced, the culture was continued for further 18 hours.
100 metaphase images per each plate, namely 200 metaphase images per dose were observed microscopically, were classified, in terms of chromosomal morphological change, into gap (gap), chromatid break (ctb), chromosome break (csb), chromatid exchange (cte), chromosome exchange (cse) and other (oth) structural abnormalities. The incidence of ploidy cells was recorded at the same time. The chromosomal analysis was carried out in accordance with the classification by Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society, Mammal Test Subcommittee 2).
Positive control
mitomycin C (MMC: Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was tested in the dose of 0.05 μg/mL for 24 hours treatment, and 0.025 μg/mL for 48 hours treatment, in case of continuous treatment, and cyclophosphamide (CP: Shionogi & Co., Ltd.) was tested in the dose of 12.5 μg/mL in case of short-term treatment. - Evaluation criteria:
- The frequency of appearance of cells having structural abnormalities or ploidy cells in each test group was determined according to the criteria of Ishidate et al. 3). The frequency of appearance of cells having structural abnormalities was qualified as negative (-) for that less than 5%, pseudo-positive (±) for that not less than 5% and less than 10%, and positive (+) for that not less than 10%. In case a reproducibility or dose-dependency is recognized, it was finally determined as being positive.
- Statistics:
- Further, no test using statistical methods was carried out.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79)
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Additional information on results:
- In case of 2-methyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid treatment, no tendency of inducing the chromosomal structural aberration and ploidy cells was observed in either dose. On the other hand, a remarkable induction of chromosomal structural aberration was recognized in cells treated with MMC, positive control material. The test results for short-term treatment group were shown in Table 2. In case of test substance treatment group, no tendency of inducing the chromosomal structural aberration and ploidy cells was observed in either dose in the absence and presence of S9 mix. On the other hand, a remarkable induction of chromosomal structural aberration was recognized only in the presence of S9 mix for the cells treated with CP, positive control material. Further, in each test system of continuous treatment and short-term treatment, a decrease in pH value for the culture fluid was recognized in all test doses, however, it has returned to the neutral range at the exchange of culture fluid or the completion of culture. Taking the above test results into consideration, the chromosomal aberration inducibility of 2-methyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid to cultured Chinese hamster cells was determined as negative in the present test conditions.
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
Any other information on results incl. tables
(Table 1) Chromosomal aberration test on CHL cells treated with 2-methyl-5-nirobenzenefulfonic acid
[continuous exposure]Compound |
(µg/ml) |
Exposure (h) |
Of cells analyzed |
Structural aberrations |
[+gap] (%) |
[-gap] (%) |
Cells (%) |
judgement |
||||||
Gap |
Ctb |
Csb |
Cte |
Cse |
Oth |
SA |
Pol |
|||||||
Test sub. |
0 |
24 |
200 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
- |
- |
|
550 |
24 |
200 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
- |
- |
|
1100 |
24 |
200 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2.0 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
- |
- |
|
2200 |
24 |
200 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
3.0 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
- |
- |
MCC* |
0.05 |
24 |
200 |
23 |
39 |
2 |
74 |
1 |
0 |
50.5 |
47.5 |
0.5 |
+ |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Test sub. |
0 |
48 |
200 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
|
550 |
48 |
200 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
- |
- |
|
1100 |
48 |
200 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
|
2200 |
48 |
200 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
- |
- |
MMC* |
0.025 |
48 |
200 |
13 |
34 |
0 |
68 |
1 |
0 |
46.0 |
43.0 |
0.5 |
+ |
- |
*: Positive Contol (mitomycin C)
Ctb: chromatid break csb: chromosome break cte: chromatid exchange cse: chromosome exchange oth: others
SA: Structural aberration Pol: polyploid cell
(Table 2) Chromosomal aberration test on CHL cells treated with 2-methyl-5-nirobenzenefulfonic acid
[short-term exposure]
Compound |
(µg/ml) |
Mix |
Exposure (h) |
Of cells analyzed |
Structural aberrations |
[+gap] (%) |
[-gap] (%) |
Cells (%) |
judgement |
||||||
Gap |
Ctb |
Csb |
Cte |
Cse |
Oth |
SA |
Pol |
||||||||
Test sub. |
0 |
- |
6 |
200 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
- |
- |
|
550 |
- |
6 |
200 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
|
1100 |
- |
6 |
200 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
- |
- |
|
2200 |
- |
6 |
200 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
- |
- |
CP* |
12.5 |
- |
6 |
200 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1.0 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Test sub. |
0 |
+ |
6 |
200 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
|
550 |
+ |
6 |
200 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
- |
- |
|
1100 |
+ |
6 |
200 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
|
2200 |
+ |
6 |
200 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
CP* |
12.5 |
+ |
6 |
200 |
18 |
43 |
2 |
145 |
1 |
0 |
79.0 |
78.0 |
0.0 |
+ |
- |
*: Positive Contol (cyclophosphamide)
Ctb: chromatid break csb: chromosome break cte: chromatid exchange cse: chromosome exchange oth: others
SA: Structural aberration Pol: polyploid cell
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- negative with and without metabolic activation
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