Glycerol trinitrate

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

November 1987-March 1991

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Meets National standards method with acceptable resctrictions.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Draft No.3 of tha ASTM proposed guide for conducting three brood, renewal toxicity tests (waller and Lazorchak, 1986)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- The stability of the NG stock solution were periodically checked during storage to assure that no decomposition occured. Standard solutions of NG were prepared by dilution of the stock solution freshly prepared each day of analysis. Standard solutions with concentrations of 10.0, 5.0, 2.5, and 1.0 µl/L were used.- Aqueous samples from bioassays were injected directly into HPLC after filtration to remove particles > 0,45 µm.In the cases where samples could not be analysed immediately following filtration, the filtered samples were stored at 4°C in amber glass vials fitted with Teflon-lined caps and analyzedwithin 24 h from the time the samples were originally taken from the test aquaria.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION - Basic solution (the shipment): 1 g NG dissolved in JHU/APL well water. NG solutions were keep in the dark at 4°C in glass bottles.- NG stock solutions were prepared by adding appropriate amounts of the material to aerated JHU/APL well water and stirred for 4 to 8 h. No NG stock solutions were heated during preparation or filtering at 0.45 µm. All stock solutions were prepared in amber glass containers.

Test organisms (species):

Ceriodaphnia dubia

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM- Common name: Cladoceran- Source: The Center for Lake Superior Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Superior- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): neonate (< 6 h)- Feeding during test- Food type: mixture of Cerophyl® (Cerophyl Laboratories, Inc. Kansas CIty, MO) and the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum, added to the daphnid culture to achieve final concentrations of 120 µg Cerophyl®/mL and Selenastrum capricornutum 6.7 x 100000 cells/mL.- Frequency: at the beginning of the test and at the 24-h renewal period during the testACCLIMATION- Acclimation conditions: 16-h light:8-h dark photoperiod (fluorescent lights, 60-85 foot candles at the surface of the culture vessels).- The stock culture was maintained in 600 m glass beakers, containing 400 m of JHU/APL deep well water, enriched with 2 µg Se (as Na2SeO3)/L as recommended by Winner (1989), and maintained at 25 ± 1°C.- Type and amount of food: mixture of Cerophyl® (Cerophyl Laboratories, Inc. Kansas CIty, MO) and the green alga Selenastrum capricornutum, added to the daphnid culture to achieve final concentrations of 120 µg Cerophyl®/mL and Selenastrum capricornutum 6.7 x 100000 cells/mL.- Feeding frequency: up to the initiation of test- All neonates were produced by daphnids in culture that had released at least three broods.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

7 d

Hardness:

165 (140-200) mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

24.7 (24.2-25.1)°C

pH:

8.1 (7.6-8.4)

Dissolved oxygen:

7.9 (7.6-8.3) mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentration: 2.1, 3.5, 5.8, 9.7, 16.2 mg/LMeasured (mean) concentration: 1.88, 3.23, 5.48, 9.65, 16.05 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM- Test vessel:0.05-L glass beaker- Fill volume: 0.03 L- Volume additions per day: 1 (mean volume addition per day for the complete exposure period)- Renewal rate of test solution: each 24-h renewal- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS- Source/preparation of dilution water: Non-chlorinated deep well located at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) in Shady Side, MD.- Total organic carbon: 19 mg/L- Metals: Sb, As, Be, Pb, se, Tl < 0.005 mg/L, Cd < 0.001 mg/L, Cr < 0.05 mg/L, Cu < 0.02 mg/L, Hg < 0.0002 mg/L, Ni < 0.2 mg/L, Ag <0.01 mg/L, Zn < 0.04 mg/L- Alkalinity:116 (90-135 mg CaCO3/L- Conductivity: 392 (360-450) µmhos/cm- The water used in was analyzed for 43 Priority Pollutants, eight nonpriority, but "Hazardous" substances, 26 pesticides, and 13 metals. None of them were detected with detection limits of 2, 2, 0.1 µg/, and <0.2 - <0.0002 mg/, respectively.OTHER TEST CONDITIONS- Photoperiod: 16-h light:8-h dark- Light intensity: fluorescent lights, 60-86 foot candes at the surface of the culture vesselsEFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: survival and young production (after 7 days of exposure)

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

5.48 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: neonate production

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

3.23 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: neonate production

Details on results:

- Significant mortality to the adults occurred at 16.05 mg/L. Neonate production was significantly reduced at all concentrations down to 5.48 mg/L, no effect occured at 3.23 or 1.88 mg/L.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Raw daphnid survival data sets were analysed by Fisher´s Exact test. Steel´s Many-One Rank test was performed when equal number of replicates were used and at least four replicates per treatment were employed in the test.A minimum probability level of 0.05 was used.

Conclusions:

The LOEC and NOEC for the cladoceran, based on reduction in neonate production, are 5.48 and 3.23 mg/L, respectively.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Data waiving:

exposure considerations

Justification for data waiving:

other:

Description of key information

Testing is omitted based on Annex XI section 3 of REACH. Exposure of aquatic invertebrates is excluded throughout the whole life cycle of the substance for manufacture and all identified uses. Detailed explanations are attached in section 13 of Iuclid dossier.