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EC number: 279-576-2 | CAS number: 80858-47-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Ames test (OECDTG471): negative
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 07 April 2016 - 20 April 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- (1997)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Version / remarks:
- (2008)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Target gene:
- - S. typhimurium: Histidine gene
- Escherichia coli: Tryptophan gene - Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Rat liver S9-mix induced by Aroclor 1254.
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Direct plate:
- Dose range finding test:
TA 100 and WP2uvrA (without and with S9): 1.7, 5.4, 17, 52, 164, 512, 1600 and 5000 µg/plate
- Experiment 1:
Due to cytotoxicity (in TA100), the following dose levels were used:
TA 1535, TA 1537 and TA 98 (without S9): 1.7, 5.4, 17, 52, 164 and 512 μg/plate
TA 1535, TA 1537 and TA 98 (with S9): 5.4, 17, 52, 164, 512 and 1600 μg/plate
Preincubation:
- Experiment 2:
Based on the results of experiment 1, the following dose levels were used:
TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 (without S9): 1.7, 5.4, 17, 52, 164 and 512 μg/plate
TA 1535, TA 1537 and TA 98 (with S9): 5.4, 17, 52, 164, 512 and 1600 μg/plate
WP2uvrA (without and with S9: 52, 164, 512, 1600 and 5000 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Solvent used: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
- Justification for choice of solvent: The test item was dissolved in DMSO. - Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- (100 µL/plate DMSO)
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: see section "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables"
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION:
- Experiment 1: in agar (plate incorporation)
- Experiment 2: (independent repeat): preincubation
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 30 minutes
- Exposure duration: 48 hours
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS:
- Doses of the test substance were tested in triplicate in each strain (in all experiments)
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: on the basis of a decline in the number of spontaneous revertants, a thinning of the background lawn or a microcolony formation - Evaluation criteria:
- A test item is considered negative (not mutagenic) in the test if:
a) The total number of revertants in tester strain TA100 or WP2uvrA is not greater than two (2) times the concurrent control, and the total number of revertants in tester strains TA1535, TA1537 or TA98 is not greater than three (3) times the concurrent control.
b) The negative response should be reproducible in at least one follow up experiment.
A test item is considered positive (mutagenic) in the test if:
a) The total number of revertants in tester strain TA100 or WP2uvrA is greater than two (2) times the concurrent control, or the total number of revertants in tester strains TA1535, TA1537 or TA98 is greater than three (3) times the concurrent control.
b) In case a repeat experiment is performed when a positive response is observed in one of the tester strains, the positive response should be reproducible in at least one follow up experiment. - Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- (Toxicity was observed in all tester strains.)
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- but tested up to and including 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Precipitation: Precipitation of the test item on the plates was observed at the start of the incubation period at concentrations of 512 μg/plate and upwards. No precipitation was observed at the end of the incubation period.
RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES:
- Direct plate assay: In strain TA 100 toxicity was observed at the concentration of 164 µg/plate and above in the absence of S9 and at the concentration of 512 µg/plate and above in the presence of S9. In tester strain WP2uvrA, no toxicity was observed at the concentration up to and including 5000 µg/plate, both in the absence and presence of S9.
COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA:
The negative and strain-specific positive control values were within the laboratory historical control data ranges indicating that the test conditions were adequate and that the metabolic activation system functioned properly. In the second experiment, tester strain TA98 (absence of S9-mix) showed a response to the positive control item (mean plate count) which was not within the laboratory historical range. The value (2136) was above the limit of the range (1967). The purpose of the positive control is as a reference for the test system, where a positive response is required to check if the test system functions correctly. Since the value was more than 3 times greater than the concurrent solvent control values, this deviation in the mean plate count of the positive control had no effect on the results of the study.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY:
- Direct plate assay: In all Salmonella strains toxicity was observed at 512 µg/plate and at 1600 µg/plate, in the absence and presence of S9, respectively.
- Preincubation assay: In all Salmonella strains toxicity was observed at the concentration of 17 µg/plate and above in the absence of S9. In the presence of S9 toxicity was observed at the concentration of 164 µg/plate .
- In tester strain WP2uvrA, no toxicity was observed at the concentration up to and including 5000 µg/plate, both in the absence and presence of S9. - Conclusions:
- The substance is not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay performed according to OECD 471.
- Executive summary:
The mutagenic activity of the substance was evaluated in accordance with OECD 471 (1997) guideline and according to GLP principles. The test was performed in two independent experiments: at first a direct plate assay was performed and secondly a pre-incubation assay, both in the absence and presence of S9-mix. The dose levels were selected based on observed cytotoxicity in dose range finding tests in strain TA 100 (without S9 >= 164 µg/plate, with S9 >= 512 µg/plate). In all Salmonella strains toxicity was observed, the Escherichia coli strain showed no toxicity. Adequate negative and positive controls were included. The substance did not induce a significant dose-related increase in the number of revertant (His+) colonies in each of the four S. typhimurium tester strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) and E. coli tester strain (WP2uvrA), both in the absence and presence of S9 -metabolic activation. These results were confirmed in independently repeated experiments. Based on these results it can be concluded that the substance is not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Additional information
Ames test:
The mutagenic activity of the substance was evaluated in accordance with OECD 471 (1997) guideline and according to GLP principles. The test was performed in two independent experiments: at first a direct plate assay was performed and secondly a pre-incubation assay, both in the absence and presence of S9-mix. The dose levels were selected based on observed cytotoxicity in dose range finding tests in strain TA 100 (without S9 >= 164 µg/plate, with S9 >= 512 µg/plate). In all Salmonella strains toxicity was observed, the Escherichia coli strain showed no toxicity. Adequate negative and positive controls were included. The substance did not induce a significant dose-related increase in the number of revertant (His+) colonies in each of the four S. typhimurium tester strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) and E. coli tester strain (WP2uvrA), both in the absence and presence of S9 -metabolic activation. These results were confirmed in independently repeated experiments. Based on these results it can be concluded that the substance is not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the results of this study it is concluded that the substance is not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay according to the CLP Regulation (EU) CLP 1272/2008 and its amendments.
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